Study on efficacy and regulation of inflammatory factors with oseltamivir phosphate by different time series of interventions in a murine model of influenza A H1N1 virus infection / 中国药理学通报

Aim To compare the effects of different time sequence interventions on virus infected mice by using oseltamivir (Tamiflu) as a "tool drug" in view of the current situation of the too early the administration time of antiviral in vivo experiment, so as to provide a basis for selecting a reasonable model intervention time point for antiviral drug research. Methods Balb/c mice were randomly divided into six groups. The virus infection model was established by intranasal infection with influenza virus (0.25 TCID50). Tamiflu-1 group and Tamiflu-2 group were administered orally on 1st and 4th day after exposure. The body mass, survival rate, organ index, viral load and inflammatory factor content were measured. Results Compared with the blank control group, the body weight of the mice in the model group decreased and the lung index increased significantly (P < 0.05). The expression levels of 13 inflammatory factors in model 2 group were significantly different ( P < 0.05). Compared with the model-1 group ,the lung index and spleen index of the Tamiflu-1 group decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the mode-2 group,the lung index in the Tamiflu-2 group was significantly lower (P <0.05) ,and the thy-mus index was significantly higher (P<0.05). The viral load was 0. 03 times that of the model-2 group. The expression levels of 13 inflammatory factors were significantly different (P < 0. 05). Conclusions The symptoms of the mice in Scheme 2 are more obvious and stable after exposure. After administration, the lung inflammation damage is alleviated. Considering the latency, drug intervention is in line with the drug indications when the model animals show symptoms. It will be more reasonable and accurate whether in the model evaluation or drug evaluation.

Prescription Law of New Coronavirus Pneumonia in Different Stages / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the clinical medication regulation for the prevention and treatment of new coronavirus pneumonia with traditional Chinese medicine（TCM），especially prescriptions，on the basis of "treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions". Method:The guidelines and suggestions on novel coronavirus pneumonia formulated and published by national，provincial and municipal governments and experts before February 17，2020, were retrieved and summarized. Data was recorded in stages according to "prevention period，clinical observation period，pre-clinical period，middle clinical period，late clinical period and recovery period". The frequency analysis of TCM and its efficacy，prescription and proprietary Chinese medicine was carried out，and then the factor analysis and cluster analysis of TCM were carried out to obtain rational drug combinations. Result:Totally 172 suggestions on combined structure of drugs，50 suggestions on prescriptions and 31 suggestions on proprietary Chinese medicine were involved in the study，and provided by 24 official agencies and 24 medical experts， 147 kinds of herbs，44 prescriptions and 16 proprietary Chinese medicines were collected. No matter for the drug category or for the specific drug selection，the law of drug use in different stages was not the same. Huoxiang Zhengqi capsule，Shufeng Jiedu capsule，Lianhua Qingwen capsule and Jinhua Qinggan capsule can be used in the observation period. Xuanbai Chengqitang can be used in the middle of the disease. Angong Niuhuangwan，Suhexiangwan or Zixuedan, and Angong Niuhuangwan can be selected in the middle of the disease. And Qingfei Paidu decoction can be used in all stages of the disease. Conclusion:Doctors need to adjust their prescriptions along with the progress of the disease，because the law of medication in each stage of the new coronavirus pneumonia is different.

Effects of moxibustion at different time points on foot swelling, serum level of TNF-α and circadian rhythm in rats with rheumatoid arthritis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of moxibustion at different time points on serum level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to explore its regulation mechanism on circadian rhythm.@*METHODS@#A total of 96 Sprague-Dawley (SD) adult rats were randomly assigned into a blank group, a model group, a moxibustion at 5-7 AM group and a moxibustion at 5-7 PM group, 24 rats in each group, half male and half female. Each group was further divided into a 0 AM group, a 6 AM group, a 12 N group and a 6 PM group, 6 rats in each group. All rats were treated with the 12 h/12 h light-dark cycle in the whole process of experiment. Except for the blank group, all rats were treated with intracutaneous injection of freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) at right foot pad to establish the RA model. The rats at the two moxibustion groups were treated with grain-sized moxibustion at "Shenshu" (BL 23) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) at 5-7 AM and 5-7 PM, respectively, one side per treatment, once a day; six treatments were taken as one course and 3 courses were given with an interval of one day between courses. The rats in the remaining groups were treated with identical fixation but without moxibustion intervention. The right foot volume was measured before model establishment, after model establishment and after treatment. The blood samples were collected after treatment and the serum level of TNF-α was measured by ELISA. The SPSS 21.0 software and Halberg Cosinor were adopted to analyze the experiment data.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, compared with the blank group, the foot swelling severity was significantly increased in the model group, moxibustion at 5-7 AM group and moxibustion at 5-7 PM group (all <0.01); compared with the model group, the foot swelling severity was significantly reduced in the moxibustion at 5-7 AM group and moxibustion at 5-7 PM group (both <0.01). Compared with the blank group, the serum level of TNF-α was increased significantly in the model group and moxibustion at 5-7 AM group (both <0.05); compared with the model group, the serum level of TNF-α was reduced significantly in the moxibustion at 5-7 AM group and moxibustion at 5-7 PM group (both <0.05). The serum level of TNF-α showed circadian rhythm in all the groups (all <0.05), and the peak appeared at night phase; compared with the blank group, the median value of TNF-α was increased significantly in the model group (<0.05), the peak phase was delayed and the amplitude was increased (<0.05); compared with the model group, the median value of TNF-α was significantly reduced in the moxibustion at 5-7 AM group and moxibustion at 5-7 PM group (<0.01), the peak phase was advanced and the amplitude was reduced (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion could effectively reduce the serum level of TNF-α to relieve the foot swelling severity in RA rats. Moxibustion could regulate the circadian rhythm of TNF-α to play its effects on the inhibition of the synthesis of TNF-α. No efficacy is observed between the treatment at 5-7 AM and 5-7 PM.

Effects of electroacupuncture at different time during reperfusion on the expression of Bcl-2 and Beclin1 in myocardial tissue in rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at different time during reperfusion on the expression of autophagy-related protein Bcl-2 and Beclin1 in myocardial tissue in rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), and to explore the autophagy-related mechanism of EA on protecting MIRI.@*METHODS@#A total of 72 SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a RA group, a RB group, a RC group and a RD group, 12 rats in each group. Except the sham operation group, the rats in the remaining groups were treated with ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion to establish the model of MIRI. The rats in the sham operation group were treated with crossing a line through the LAD. The rats in the model group did not receive treatment. The rats in the RA group, RB group, RC group and RD group were treated with EA at "Neiguan" (PC 6) for 20 min, starting at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h after reperfusion. Evans Blue-TTC double-staining was employed to evaluate myocardial infarct size; the serum CK-MB was detected by ELISA and the expression of Bcl-2 and Beclin1 protein in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the model group, the percentage of myocardial infarct size in the RB group, RC group and RD group was decreased significantly (all 0.05); the increasing of Bcl-2 in the RB group was more significant than that in RC group (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#EA at different time during reperfusion could reduce myocardial infarct size in rats with MIRI, and EA at 0.5 h after reperfusion has best efficacy; this protective effect may be achieved by increasing Bcl-2 expression and reducing Beclin1 expression to inhibit overautophagy during reperfusion.

Emotional Benefits and Its Cardiopulmonary Characteristics during a Single Bout of Exercise / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To explore the emotional and cardiorespiratory changes at different stages during a single bout of exercise.Methods Sixty participants were recruited to complete 30 minutes' moderate exercise at a fixed running speed (the speeds were set based on the former self-controled speed test).Self-rated emotional experience was recorded 5 minutes before the exercise intervention,30 minutes after the intervention onset and 10 minutes after the intervention.Meanwhile,participants' physiological indices were monitored throughout the whole process.The data were grouped every five minutes and the data of six groups (t1,t2,t3,t4,t5 and t6)during exercise intervention were analyzed.The reliability of the results was subsequently checked via interview.Results The results showed that during t1 participants' happiness and tidal volume (TV)reached their maximum,but the respiratory frequency (RF) and respiratory quotient (RQ)reached their minimum.During t2 to t5,participants felt the most positive and RF was cooperating with TV appropriately.During t6,the feeling of fatigue hit the highest level;RF and Heart Rate (RT)reached its maximum,but the ratio of VO2/HR reached its minimum.Conclusion During a single bout of exercise,people feel the happiest in the first five minutes with mainly deep breathing.In the subsequent twenty minutes,exercisers experience positive emotion with highest breath efficiency.During the last five minutes,fatigue,as well as low efficient pulmonary respiration and pump function appeared.

Clinical observation of low molecular weight heparin in different age points before and after femoral intertrochanteric fracture / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical application of molecular heparin in the treatment of skeletal intertrochanteric fractures at different time points before and after operation.Methods The extraction time of 160 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures was divided into group A, group B, group C and group D according to the order of admission in our hospital from March 2015 to September 2016.Patients in group A were treated with molecular heparin at 48 h before surgery.Patients with group B were treated with molecular heparin 24 h before operation.Patients in group C were treated with molecular heparin at 12 h before surgery.Patients in group D were treated with molecular heparin at 12 h postoperatively.Results The incidence of DVT in the four groups was 2.5%, 15%, 15% and 37.5% respectively.The incidence of DVT in group A and group B, group C and group D was statistically significant.The statistical significance was significant(P< 0.05).The incidence of DVT in group B and group C was compared with that in group B.There was no statistically significant difference.1 month after surgery 4 groups of patients with lower extremity vascular color Doppler ultrasound review, there are 6 cases of new DVT patients, 3 months after surgery on the lower extremity vascular color Doppler ultrasound review of 2 cases of new patients, in addition to the four groups of patients with bleeding There was no statistically significant difference between the data.Conclusion The use of molecular heparin in the elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures for 48 hours can effectively prevent the occurrence of DVT, and will not improve the incidence of hemorrhagic events and have high safety and reliability.

Analysis of clinical disinfection effect at different time during operation course after surgical handa antisepsis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the influence of hands-washing and non-hands-washing on clinical disinfection effect before surgical hands antisepsis.Methods Totally 40 surgcal staff wee divided into the handa-washing group and the non-hands-washing group.The sterilizing effect of handa at diggerent time points during operations and kinds of bacteria colony were compared between two groups.Results Bacteria colony of hands at different time points during operations showed no significant difference between two groups.Both groups were detected bacteris colony on their hands,mainly made up of coagulase negative staphylococcus,corynebacterium and eaterococcus and no difference was seen between two groups.Conchusions The non-hands-washing method can acquire the same disinfection effect as traditional hands-washing method.Its disinfection effect lasts three hours,easy to operate,little stimulation on the skin,and was worthy of clinical application.