RÉSUMÉ
Resumo O artigo aborda os impactos da violência armada, a partir da Atenção Primária em Saúde, em um bairro do município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo exploratório desenvolvido em dois serviços com o objetivo de identificar os principais tipos de violência, seus impactos e as estratégias utilizadas para enfrentamento do fenômeno. A produção de informações incluiu coleta de dados nos registros dos serviços, realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, grupos focais e seminário de devolutiva. A violência armada, dentre todas as expressões de violência, foi identificada como uma das maiores preocupações de profissionais de saúde e usuários dos serviços, em função de sua intensa ocorrência e gravidade de suas consequências sob a saúde. Destaca-se seu impacto nas estratégias de enfrentamento à violência e a dificuldade em visibilizar o fenômeno. Considera-se que esse tipo de violência, predominante nos territórios negros da cidade, é legitimada pelo racismo estrutural, sendo a política pública de segurança - baseada no ideário de guerra às drogas e no enfrentamento bélico com grupos armados que atuam no comércio varejista de drogas ilícitas - expressões do racismo de estado e da necropolítica.
Abstract The paper addresses the impacts of armed violence, based on Primary Health Care, in a neighborhood in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This is a qualitative exploratory study developed in two services aiming to identify the main types of violence, their impacts and the strategies used to cope with the phenomenon. The production of information included data collection in the service records, conducting semi-structured interviews, focus groups and feedback seminar. Armed violence, among all expressions of violence, was identified as one of the major concerns of healthcare professionals and users of services, due to its intense occurrence and the severity of its consequences on health. Its impact on strategies to cope with the violence and the difficulty in making the phenomenon visible are highlighted. It is considered that this type of violence, prevalent in the black territories of the city, is legitimized by structural racism, being the public security policy - based on the ideal of war on drugs and on the military confrontation with armed groups that operate in the retail trade of illicit drugs - expressions of state racism and necropolitics.
Sujet(s)
Humains , Soins de santé primaires , Violence , Brésil , Villes , Personnel de santéRÉSUMÉ
This study was aimed to analyze the "disease-syndrome-treatment-medicine" experiences of professor Ding for diabetes combined with hypertension by using "traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance support system (V2.5)".By analyzing the data,we summarized Professor Ding's academic experiences.Through collecting the standard clinical cases,combined with the software analysis system,the composing principles were analyzed by using data mining methods such as frequency statistics,revised mutual information,association rules analysis,cluster analysis,improvement of mutual information,complex system entropy clustering,unsupervised hierarchical clustering entropy and so on.The analysis results showed that 28 patients with diabetes combined with hypertension of yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome,the characteristics were discovered that the highest-frequency used drugs of Ping Gan Xi Feng were concha haliotidis,concha margaritifera,rhizoma gastrodiae;the highest-frequency used drug combinations were "radices rehmanniae,rhizoma dioscoreae","folium mori,cortex mori","semen cuscutae,rhizoma dioscoreae,radices rehmanniae" and so on.Analyzing the 27 patients with diabetes combined with hypertension "wind and fire evils stir up syndrome,the characteristics were discovered that the highest-frequency used drugs of Ping Gan Xi Feng were concha haliotidis,concha margaritifera.In addition to the most common combinations used in diabetes,there were "rhizoma coptidis,spica prunellae","spica prunellae,folium mori","rhizoma coptidis,radices rehmanniae,cortex lycii","spica prunellae,folium mori,rhizoma coptidis" and so on.It was concluded that the syndrome differentiation and treatment of diabetes combined with hypertension was focused on the etiology and pathogenesis of wind and fire.The main treatment principle was to calm the liver to stop the wind,nourish yin and suppress hyperactive yang.
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This study was aimed to explore the treatment regularity of chronic hepatitis B virus by the famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Professor Wu Shoushan in Hubei province on the basis of the Clinical Research Information Integration of TCM.Clinical data were collected from 767 outpatients with chronic hepatitis B virus and analyzed by classification,association and clustering,according to data integration,remittance and integration.The results showed that from herbs used in 259 prescriptions,the top 5 frequently used herbs were poria,capillaris,dried tangerine peel,salvia and forsythia.In the aspect of herbal combination,the herbal pairs with the highest associations were porialicorice-atractylodes,poria-salvia-atractylodes,capillaries-poria-licorice,and etc.In the data mining of core prescription,the modified classic prescriptions with the highest frequency were the Hao-Qin Qing-Dan decoction,DaAn pill,and Ban-Xia Bai-Zhu Tian-Ma decoction.It was concluded that through the data mining method,we found that the TCM syndrome differentiation rules and methods of Professor Wu Shoushan in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B were mainly from toxin,phlegm,stasis and deficiency.
RÉSUMÉ
Vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis is a common type of cervical spondylosis, also known as cervical vertigo. In recent years, with the increase of people's life pace and the number of office staff, the incidence rate has been rising year by year, with a trend of younger age. Because traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in treating cervical vertigo, it is necessary to study the regularity of the Chinese medicine for cervical vertigo. But at present, the research is mainly based on the statistics for frequency and proportion of herbs. In addition, in the process of diagnosis and treatment of Chinese medicine, personal experience also caused differences in prescription compatibility and drug dosage, which makes difficult guarantee for the safety and effectiveness of drug treatment. So, this paper is based on literatures about the traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of cervical vertigo in the past 5 years, by using association rules algorithm, complex system entropy clustering and other non supervised data mining methods. Analysis was made for the use of various drugs in the frequency, the association rules, the core drug combination and the new prescriptions. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system(TCMISS) was utilized to analyze 154 drugs from the 101 prescriptions, determine the use frequency of drugs, analyze the characteristics and the compatibility of core drugs, and dig out 14 core drug combinations and 7 new prescription combinations. The prescription and medication regularities illustrates the drugs for treatment of cervical vertigo, including those for flating liver and suppressing yang, invigorating the circulation of blood to remove blood stasis, reducing water and permeating dampness, increasing qi and activating blood, and nourishing the liver and kidney mainly. Treatment rules are nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating the circulation of blood stasis Tongqiao, reducing phlegm and dampness, flating liver and suppressing yan, dredging collaterals, supplementing qi and nourishing blood. This study aims to summarize frequently used single herbs for vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis, combinations of frequently used herbs and dosage of frequently used herbs with significant efficacy, define the current prescription and medication regularities for treating cervical vertigo and give guidances for clinical mediation.