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Objective:To explore the potential suitable distribution area and the high-quality distribution area of <italic>Sabia parviflora</italic>. Method:Combined with the distribution information and environmental factors，the maximum entropy （MaxEnt） model and ArcGIS software were used to predict the potential suitable distribution area of <italic>S. parviflora</italic>. Based on the correlation between environmental factors and total saponins，total flavonoids，quercetin-3-<italic>O</italic>-gentiobioside，camellianoside，tsubakioside A，kaempferol-3-<italic>O</italic>-rutinoside and isobariclisin-3-<italic>O</italic>-rutinoside，the quality regionalization was conducted by using spatial interpolation method and fuzzy superposition function in ArcGIS software. Result:<italic>S. parviflora</italic> is mainly distributed in Yunnan，Guizhou，Guangxi province in China. The medium and high suitable areas accounts for about 2.88% of the national area. The precipitation in October and November，the precipitation in the warmest and driest seasons，the standard deviation of seasonal changes in temperature and altitude are the main environmental factors that affect the distribution of <italic>S. parviflora</italic>. Slope，precipitation，solar radiation and temperature change had great influence on the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Based on the results of potential suitable distribution and spatial interpolation of each component，the high-quality areas of <italic>S. parviflora</italic> are mainly concentrated in the southwest of Guizhou，with Qinglong，Guanling，Zhenning，Pu'an，Xingren county and other areas as the core. Conclusion:This study provides a scientific guidance for the site selection of artificial planting and the procurement of medicinal materials for <italic>S. parviflora</italic>.
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Through planting regionalization the scientific basis for planting area of high-quality medicinal materials was predicted. Through interview investigation and field survey, the distribution information of Corni Fructus in China was collected,and 89 sampling point from 14 producing areas were collected. Climate and topography of Corni Fructus were analyzed, the ecological adaptability of study was conducted based on ArcGIS and Maxent. Different suitability grade at potential areas and regionalization map were formulated. There are nine ecological factors affecting the growth of Corni Fructus, for example precipitation in November and March and vegetation type. The results showed that the most suitable habitats are Henan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Hubei, Sichuan, Anhui, Hunan and Shandong province. Using the spatial analysis method,the study not only illustrates the most suitable for the surroundings of Corni Fructus,but also provides a scientific reference for wild resource tending, introduction and cultivation, and artificial planting base and directing production layout.
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OBJECTIVE: To predict the potential geographical distribution of Gentiana rhodantha and study the relationship between species distribution, chemical compounds content and ecological factors in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. METHODS: MaxEnt modeling combined with geographic information system (GIS) was used to predict the potential geographical distribution of G. rhodantha. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)was used to establish the UPLC fingerprints of different parts of medicinal materials. Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between various chemical compounds and ecological factors. RESULTS: The AUC of the ROC curves of the training data and test data were 0.919 and 0.915, respectively, which indicated that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise and exact. The results of species distribution modeling showed that the main environmental factors determining the potential distribution were annual temperature range (the most suitable range: 16.0-27.0℃), mean diurnal range (the most suitable range: 8.5-11.6℃), average monthly precipitation of June (the most suitable range: 200-400 mm), average monthly precipitation of September (the most suitable range: 90-125 mm), average monthly maximum temperature of June (the most suitable range: 21.0-27.0℃), temperature seasonality (the most suitable range: 4 000-5 200), average monthly precipitation of October (the most suitable range: 65-110℃), average monthly minimum temperature of July (the most suitable range: 14.5-20.5℃), average monthly maximum temperature of January (the most suitable range: 14.5-25.5℃), subsoil pH (the most suitable range: pH<5), and average monthly precipitation of April (the most suitable range: 14.5-25.5 mm). Correlation analysis showed that the contents of mangiferin, total compounds and their ratios of aerial part and underground part had significant relationship with temperature, precipitation and hysico-chemical properties of top soil (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and had significant negative (P<0.05) or most significant negative relationship with habitat suitability (P<0.01). The variation of temperature and precipitation of June to August and subsoil pH subsoil CEC were the key ecological factors of accumulation of the chemical compounds in G.rhodantha. CONCLUSION: The best growing areas for G. rhodantha are mainly located in Middle and West Yunnan, Southeast and South Guizhou.
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The study aims at predicting ecological suitability of Ephedra intermedia in China by using maximum entropy Maxent model combined with GIS, and finding the main ecological factors affecting the distribution of E. intermedia suitability in appropriate growth area. Thirty-eight collected samples of E. intermedia and E. intermedia and 116 distribution information from CVH information using ArcGIS technology were analyzed. MaxEnt model was applied to forecast the E. intermedia in our country's ecology. E. intermedia MaxEnt ROC curve model training data and testing data sets the AUC value was 0.986 and 0.958, respectively, which were greater than 0.9, tending to be 1.The calculated E. intermedia habitat suitability by the model showed a high accuracy and credibility, which indicated that MaxEnt model could well predict the potential distribution area of E. intermedia in China.
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OBJECTIVE: To study production division of Magnolia officinalis in China based on geograpic information system(GIS), and to provide scientific basis for determining the suitable planting region of Magnolia officinalis. METHODS: Investigate the resources and quality analysis of Magnolia officinalis of 43 sampling points. Use the maxent to calculate the ecological factors affecting the growth and quality of Magnolia officinalis. The various factors affecting level was analyzed by statistical analysis. The GIS was applied to assess the production division. RESULTS: The habitat suitability values of Magnolia officinalis in southwest Hubei and eastern Chongqing is highest. The content of magnolol and honokiol in the local product is similar. CONCLUSION: Hubei and Chongqing are the best planting bases of Magnolia officinalis.
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The distribution information of Glycyrrhiza uralensis was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 46 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents of G.uralensis were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. The AUC of ROC curve was both above 0.95, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that 5 major ecological factors have obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of G. uralensis, including July average temperature, soil sub category, Dec precipitation, vegetation types and standard deviation of seasonal variation in temperature, et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the G. uralensis, adequate light, low rainfall, summer heat and large temperature difference between day and night, which is suitable for distribution in the northern temperate plains and mountains. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the chemical constituents of G.uralensis also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of G.uralensis.
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The distribution information of Lycii Fructus was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 46 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents the of Lycii Fructus were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. The AUC of ROC curve was both above 0.95, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that 5 major ecological factors had obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of Lycii Fructus, including soil pH, soil subclass, vegetation type and in August the average temperature et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the Lycii Fructus, dry, cool weather, more hardy, drought-resistant, alkali soil, which is suitable for distribution in the northern temperate plains. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the chemical constituents of Lycii Fructus also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of Lycii Fructus.
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The distribution information of Chinese angelica was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 43 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents of Angelica sinensis were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. Application of R language to establish the relationship between the effective component of Chinese angelica and enviromental factors model, using ArcGIS software space to carry out space calculation method for the quality regionalization of Chinese angelica. The results showed that 4 major ecological factors had obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of Chinese angelica, including altitude, soil sub category, May precipitation and the warmest month of the highest temperature, et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the Chinese angelica, cold and humid climate, which is suitable for the deep area of the soil. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the effect of Chinese angelica also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of Chinese angelica.