Nursing care regarding the psycho-emotional aspects of women submitted to mastectomy

Breast cancer, or breast neoplasm, is one of the most frequent types of cancer, and one of the most prevalent among women. The diagnosis and specific treatments, such as mastectomy surgery, lead women to experience different feelings, with the most predominant negative thoughts. In this way, the objective of this study is to describe the importance of nursing care in the face of the psycho-emotional aspects of women after mastectomy. This is an integrative literature review study, developed in electronic Medline and Lilacs databases. The following terms were used: Breast neoplasm; Nursing; Emotions; Mastectomy. A total of 2,314 articles were found, of which eight were selected. The results and discussions were divided into two thematic axes: The first deals with the emotions of women after mastectomy, whose feelings arising from the diagnosis of the disease start to affect different areas, such as personality, sexuality, family, and social relationships. Furthermore, the second deals with nursing care after mastectomy, which must be conducted integrally, aiming at restoring physical and emotional health. Nursing is the vehicle capable of planning and collaborating with these women, promoting humanized treatment and assistance, oriented and aimed at a better quality of life, and stimulating self-help, self-esteem, and acceptance of their body.

A modo retrospectivo: los intensivistas y la pandemia de COVID-19 el día cero. Análisis de los intercambios comunicativos en WhatsApp / In retrospect: intensivists and COVID-19 pandemic on day zero. An analysis of communication exchanges on WhatsApp

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir y analizar, en varios niveles, los intercambios comunicativos sucedidos en un chat grupal de médicos intensivistas dentro de la aplicación de mensajería instantánea WhatsApp durante la primera etapa de la pandemia de la COVID-19, específicamente el día en que fue confirmado el primer caso en México. Se destaca una situación intensa donde se manifiestan los tres niveles analíticos del marco teórico. Materiales y métodos: Investigación cualitativa de la transcripción de los diálogos sostenidos en WhatsApp entre 239 médicos intensivistas al inicio de la pandemia, específicamente a lo largo del 27 de febrero del 2020. Se utilizó el análisis narrativo para interpretar el fragmento del chat. Se elaboró un esquema con tres dimensiones (análisis de la información compartida, estándares de acción social en la atención a pacientes COVID-19 y expresiones emocionales) para codificar y categorizar los diálogos. Resultados: Los intercambios comunicativos por WhatsApp permitieron dar sentido al conocimiento emergente sobre la COVID-19 expuesto en las tramas narrativas. También influyó en la orientación de acciones pertinentes en los contextos hospitalarios y ayudó a modular las emociones ante la pandemia. Además, fomentó lazos de solidaridad y empatía entre los médicos intensivistas para afrontar con resiliencia el sufrimiento personal y social. Conclusiones: Los diálogos del chat reflejaron las relaciones humanas y las profundas inquietudes de las personas en situaciones de crisis. El estudio permitió comprender las formas y los significados de los intercambios comunicativos con el uso de dispositivos tecnológicos en tiempos de crisis para orientar la implementación de acciones en situaciones emergentes como la pandemia de la COVID-19. El WhatsApp respondió a la necesidad de información, con datos científicos y verídicos, sobre la pandemia. Se apreció que los médicos intensivistas se beneficiaron de la mensajería instantánea al cooperar en situaciones y experiencias críticas en el marco de una crisis sanitaria en evolución.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and analyze, at various levels, the communication exchanges that took place in a group chat of intensivists using the instant messaging application WhatsApp during the first stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically on the day the first case was confirmed in Mexico. An intense situation showing the three dimensions of the theoretical framework is stood out. Materials and methods: A qualitative research of WhatsApp messages shared between 239 intensivists at the beginning of the pandemic, specifically throughout February 27, 2020. A narrative analysis was used to interpret a fragment of a chat. A schema with three dimensions (analysis of shared information, standards of social action in COVID-19 patient care and emotional expressions) was developed to code and classify the messages. Results: The communication exchanges via WhatsApp made it possible to give meaning to the emerging knowledge about COVID-19 in the narrative plots. They also influenced the implementation of appropriate actions in hospital environments and helped modulate emotions in front of the pandemic. In addition, it fostered bonds of solidarity and empathy between intensivists to face personal and social suffering with resilience. Conclusions: The chat messages reflected human relationships and the deep concerns of people in crisis situations. The study provided insight into the forms and meanings of communication exchanges with the use of technological devices in times of crisis to guide the implementation of actions in emerging situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. WhatsApp responded to the need for information, with scientific and truthful data, about the pandemic. It was noted that intensivists benefited from instant messaging by cooperating in critical situations and experiences within the context of an evolving health crisis.

Reconhecimento de emoções pela voz e expressão facial por estudantes de medicina / Recognition of emotions by voice and facial expression by medical students

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar a capacidade de estudantes de medicina para reconhecer emoções pela voz e expressão facial, por meio de avaliações de percepção emocional da entonação vocal e das expressões faciais. Métodos estudo com delineamento transversal observacional. Para avaliação do reconhecimento de emoções pelas expressões faciais, utilizou-se um teste composto por 20 vídeos de microexpressões faciais e, para avaliação do reconhecimento emocional pela voz, utilizou-se o Protocolo de Reconhecimento de Emoções Prosódicas Básicas, baseado no banco de dados de Burkhardt. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados os testes de Friedman, Shapiro-Wilk, teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson ou Spearman. Resultados o estudo foi composto por 38 alunos, com média de idade de 20,8 (±2,5). O reconhecimento de emoções pela voz foi significativamente superior, comparado com os resultados do teste de reconhecimento de emoções pelas expressões faciais. Houve correlação positiva entre a idade e a habilidade de reconhecer emoções pelas expressões faciais. O gênero masculino apresentou taxa significativa de acertos, superior ao gênero feminino na habilidade de reconhecer emoções pela expressão facial. As emoções com maior média de acertos pela expressão facial foram surpresa, alegria e desprezo, enquanto, por meio da voz, as emoções foram raiva, medo e tristeza. Conclusão a capacidade de reconhecimento de emoções por estudantes de medicina foi maior na avaliação de percepção emocional por meio da voz.

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the ability of medical students to recognize emotions through voice and facial expression through assessments of emotional perception of vocal intonation and functional expressions. Methods Observational cross-sectional study. To evaluate the recognition of emotions by facial expressions, a test composed of 20 videos of facial microexpressions was used, and to evaluate the emotional recognition by voice, the protocol of prosodic impressions of basic emotions, based on the Burkhardt database, was used. For statistical analysis, the Friedman, Shapiro-Wilk, Student t, Mann-Whitney and Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient tests were used. Results The study consisted of 38 students, with an average age of 20.8 (±2.5). The recognition of emotions through the voice was significantly superior to the one through facial expressions. There was a positive correlation between age and the ability to recognize emotions through facial expressions. Males had a significantly higher hit rate than females in the ability to recognize emotions through facial expression. The emotions with the highest average success rates through facial expression were surprise, joy and contempt, while, through the voice, the emotions were anger, fear and sadness. Conclusion The ability to recognize emotions by medical students was greater when assessing emotional perception through the voice.

Effects of physical exercise on mood and sleep quality of college students under the covid-19 epidemic / Impacto del ejercicio físico en el estado de ánimo y la calidad del sueño de estudiantes universitarios en el contexto del covid-19 / Impacto do exercício físico no humor e na qualidade do sono de estudantes universitários no contexto do covid-19

ABSTRACT Introduction: The management of university campuses in the context of COVID-19 makes the mental health of college students draw much attention. Objective: To explore the effects of physical exercise under COVID-19 on sleep quality and mood of college students. Methods: 1983 college students from The Civil Aviation University of China were selected, and their physical exercise state, sleep quality, and emotional state were measured by a questionnaire. Results: Physical exercise has a significant positive effect on college students' mood and sleep quality, and sleep quality has a considerable impact on their mood. There is no gender difference in mood and sleep quality. The amount of physical exercise has a significant difference in sleep quality and mood. Compared with the students who do a lot of physical exercises, those who do a lot of physical exercises have higher sleep quality and more vital stronger emotional control ability. Conclusion: This study can provide a reference for universities to carry out mental health education during the particular period of epidemic prevention and control. Level of evidence II; Diagnostic Studies—Investigating a Diagnostic Test.

RESUMEN Introducción: la gestión del campus universitario en el contexto del COVID-19 hace que la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios llame mucho la atención. Objetivo: explorar los efectos del ejercicio físico bajo COVID-19 sobre la calidad del sueño y el estado de ánimo de estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: se selecciona estudiantes universitarios 1983 de la universidad de aviación Civil de China, y se midió su estado de ejercicio físico, calidad del sueño y estado emocional mediante un cuestionario. Resultados: el ejercicio físico tiene un efecto positivo significativo en el estado de ánimo y la calidad del sueño de los estudiantes universitarios, y la calidad del sueño tiene un efecto significativo en su estado de ánimo. No hay diferencia de género en cuanto al estado de ánimo y la calidad del sueño. La cantidad de ejercicio físico tiene una diferencia significativa en la calidad del sueño y el estado de ánimo. En comparación con los estudiantes que hacen mucho ejercicio físico, los estudiantes que hacen mucho ejercicio físico tienen una mayor calidad de sueño y una mayor capacidad de control emocional. Conclusión: este estudio puede servir de referencia para que las universidades realicen educación en salud mental durante el período especial de prevención y control de epidemias. Nivel de Evidência II; Estudios diagnósticos: investigación de una prueba diagnóstica.

RESUMO Introdução: A gestão do campus universitário no contexto do COVID-19 faz com que a saúde mental dos universitários chame muita atenção. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos do exercício físico sob o COVID-19 sobre a qualidade do sono e o humor dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Foram selecionados 1983 estudantes universitários da Universidade de Aviação Civil da China, e seu estado de exercício físico, qualidade do sono e estado emocional foram medidos por um questionário. Resultados: O exercício físico tem um efeito positivo significativo no humor e na qualidade do sono dos estudantes universitários, e a qualidade do sono tem um efeito significativo em seu humor. Não há diferença de gênero no humor e na qualidade do sono. A quantidade de exercício físico tem diferença significativa na qualidade do sono e no humor. Em comparação com os alunos que fazem muito exercício físico, os alunos que fazem muito exercício físico têm maior qualidade de sono e maior capacidade de controle emocional. Conclusão: Este estudo pode fornecer referência para que as universidades realizem a educação em saúde mental durante o período especial de prevenção e controle de epidemias. Nível de evidência II; Estudos de Diagnóstico — Investigando um Teste de Diagnóstico.

Research progress on the impact of parental psychological control on adolescent emotional regulation / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Emotional regulation is an important aspect of adolescents adaptation to society. The difficulty in emotional regulation among adolescents is associated with internalizing problems such as depression and anxiety, as well as externalizing problems like aggressive behavior. Parental psychological control as a parenting style, is closely intertwined with the emotional regulation of adolescents. The article reviews the concept and classification of parental psychological control, the theory, mechanism and influencing factors of the impact of parental psychological control on children s emotional regulation, and the impact of children s emotional regulation on parental psychological control, so as to provide a theoretical reference for promoting positive psychological development in adolescents and improving parenting styles.

Correlation analysis between preschool children s emotional competence and home rearing environment / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between preschool children s emotional competence and home rearing environment in Shangrao City, so as to provide support for improving children s emotional competence development as well as their home rearing environment.@*Methods@#A total of 1 242 children aged 3-6 years old from 10 kindergartens in Shangrao City were retrospectively investigated by stratified cluster random sampling method in December 2022, and the Children s Emotional Adjustment Scale-Preschool Version (CEAS-P) and the Home Nurture Environment Scale for children aged 3-6 were surveyed on parents of preschool children. The t-test was used to test the difference, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of preschool children s emotional competence.@*Results@#There were significant differences in emotional competence scores of preschool children for demographic indicators including age, place of residence, health status and whether they were only children ( F/t =5.98, 6.56, 38.00, 2.23, P <0.01). The emotional competence of preschool children was positively correlated with the home rearing environment ( r=0.62, P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that diverse activities/play participation, social adaptation/self management, and emotional warmth/self expression in home rearing environment were positive predictors of children s emotional ability ( β =0.30, 0.28, 0.16), while neglect/intervention/punishment were negative predictors ( β =-0.09)( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The home rearing environment is a factor related to young children s emotional competence. It is suggested specific parenting initiatives such as enriching family activities and play, strengthening children s self adaptation and management, giving warmth and let children express emotions, and preventing child neglect, interference and punishment should be conducted to improve children s emotional competence.

Association of perceived social support and emotional regulation among college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation of college students emotional regulation and its correlation with perceived social support, so as to provide a reference for improving emotional regulation ability among college students.@*Methods@#From September 15 to October 15, 2022, a total of 15 560 students from 27 colleges and universities in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Shanghai, Anhui, Hebei, Yunnan, Shanxi and Gansu were enrolled by stratified random sampling method. The Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were used to investigate, and multiple stepwise regression was used to explore the relationship between perceived social support and emotion regulation of college students.@*Results@#The scores of emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal and expression inhibition were 44(40, 50), 24(20, 28) and 20(19, 24) respectively. There were significant differences in the scores of emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal and expression inhibition by age, grade, household registration, only child status,cost of living, and sleep ( H/Z =77.72, 49.73, -5.10, -9.77, 7.68, 168.27 ; 204.55, 317.32, -5.96, -7.60, 131.20, 968.08; 82.18, 148.04, -2.30, -8.03, 64.82, 188.08, P <0.05). In addition, the multiple stepwise regression found that family support, friend support, and other support in perceived social support all had a positive impact on the emotional regulation state of college students ( β =0.137,0.207,0.090), and family support and friend support had a significant positive effect on expression inhibition( β =0.079,0.053) and cognitive reappraisal( β =0.153,0.296)( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#The perceived social support can directly affect the emotional regulation of college students, and improving the emotional regulation ability has a positive significance to promote the mental health level among college students.

Association of 24hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among left-behind children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To examine the association of 24 hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the practice of 24 hour activity interventions to promote emotional and behavioral problems in this population.@*Methods@#From February to May 2023, 1 117 left behind children in grades 4-6 from 10 primary schools in five cities in Zhejiang Province were selected using a convenient cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey examining 24 hour movement behaviors, as well as emotional and behavioral problems. The general linear model was adopted to analyze the association between satisfying the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines, and emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children.@*Results@#The sleep duration compliance rate was the highest (52.19%), while the moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) compliance rate was the lowest (17.73%). The compliance rate of the three activities accounted for 7.43 %. There was a dose response between the number of guidelines satisfied, and the emotional and behavior of left behind children; that was, satisfaction of a higher number of guidelines was associated with a lower risk of emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children (difficulty factor: β=-0.56, 95%CI =-1.23--0.19; strength factor: β=0.50, 95%CI =-0.48-1.22, P < 0.01). Compared to satisfying none of the guidelines, satisfying the guidelines for screen time ( β=-0.23, 95%CI =-2.18- -0.14 ) and sleep duration ( β=-0.13, 95%CI =-1.66--0.11) was negatively correlated with the difficulty factor, while satisfying the guideline for MVPA ( β=0.13, 95%CI =0.09-1.08) and sleep duration ( β=0.18, 95%CI =0.09-1.40) was positively associated with the strength factor. In addition, satisfying two or all three of the guidelines was more strongly associated with these outcomes than satisfying one of the recommendations ( P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Meeting the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines can improve emotional and behavioral problems among left behind children. It is necessary to raise their awareness of the effect of satisfying the 24 hour movement behavior guidelines and formulate comprehensive intervention measures.

Tutorias universitárias em períodos de interrupção acadêmica: um relato a partir da experiência / Tutorías universitarias en períodos de interrupción académica: un relato desde la experiencia / University tutoring in periods of academic interruption: a report from experience

Las crisis sociales y la pandemia por COVID-19 representan períodos de interrupción académica que han impactado en el aprendizaje de la educación superior. Ante este panorama, las tutorías universitarias adquieren relevancia como una estrategia para poder afrontar estas crisis y permitir el intercambio de experiencias y emociones. El objetivo de este reporte consiste en presentar una estrategia tutorial diseñada entre los años 2019 y 2020, en el contexto de un programa de acompañamiento académico y psicoeducativo de una universidad estatal de Chile. Esta estrategia consta de seis fases: (1) Encuentro inicial; (2) Diagnóstico; (3) Planificación; (4) Implementación; (5) Evaluación; (6) Cierre del proceso. El desarrollo de esta propuesta demostró la importancia de las emociones, el diálogo y la valoración experiencial del estudiante en su proceso de aprendizaje y adaptación a la universidad. Asimismo, entrega un marco de acción para el acompañamiento académico y psicoeducativo ligado a los programas de tutorías universitarias.

As crises sociais e a pandemia por COVID-19 representam períodos de interrupção acadêmica que impactaram na aprendizagem da educação superior. Ante este panorama, as tutorias universitárias adquirem relevância como uma estratégia para poder afrontar estas crises e permitir o intercâmbio de experiências e emoções. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar uma estratégia tutorial desenhada entre os anos 2019 e 2020, no contexto de um programa de acompanhamento acadêmico e psico educativo de uma universidade estatal do Chile. Esta estratégia consta de seis fases: (1) Encontro inicial; (2) Diagnóstico; (3) Planejamento; (4) Implementação; (5) Avaliação; (6) Encerramento do processo. O desenvolvimento desta proposta demonstrou a importância das emoções, o diálogo e a valorização experiencial do estudante em seu processo de aprendizagem e adaptação à universidade. Igualmente, entrega um marco de ação para o acompanhamento acadêmico e psicoeducativo ligado aos programas de tutorias universitárias.

The social crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic represent periods of academic interruption that will affect the learning of Higher Education. Given this panorama, university tutors will acquire relevance as a strategy to be able to face this crisis and allow an exchange of experiences and emotions. The objective of this report is to present a tutorial strategy developed between the years of 2019 and 2020, in the context of an academic and psychoeducational support program of a state university in Chile. This strategy consists of six phases: (1) Initial meeting; (2) Diagnosis; (3) Planning; (4) Implementation; (5) Evaluation; (6) Close the process. The development of this proposal demonstrated the emotions importance, dialogue and the valorization of the student's experience in their learning process and adaptation to the university. In addition, it provides an action framework for academic and psychoeducational support linked to university tutoring programs.

Maternal impacts of a physically disabled baby birth: A comparative study / Impactos maternos do nascimento de um bebê com deficiência física: um estudo comparativo

Objective This study aims to assess the emotional impacts of the baby's physical disability on the mother. Method It is an exploratory investigation carried on with two mother-infant dyads, only one of which gave birth to a physically disabled baby, both participating in a larger case-control investigation. The tools used included the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire as well as semi-structured interviews. Results Both mothers showed similar reports and parenting levels, but the one whose baby had a disability scored higher on anxiety and depression, in connection with the baby's low level of development. Conclusion It is concluded that, in order to achieve the same levels of a typical parenting condition, greater adaptation mechanisms are required.

Objetivo Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar impactos emocionais da deficiência física do bebê na mãe. Método Trata-se de um estudo exploratório realizado com duas díades, uma composta um bebê com deficiência e sua mãe e outra por um bebê sem deficiência e sua mãe, provenientes de uma pesquisa maior com desenho caso-controle. Foram utilizados a Entrevista Semiestruturada, Inventários Beck de Ansiedade e Depressão, Questionário de Função Reflexiva Parental e Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Resultados As mães demonstraram relatos e níveis de parentalidade semelhantes, mas a do bebê com deficiência apresentou maiores scores para ansiedade e depressão, relacionados ao baixo nível de desenvolvimento do filho. Conclusão Conclui-se que mecanismos de adaptação são necessários para se obter os mesmos níveis de parentalidade de uma condição típica.

Respuesta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos en estado crítico durante la higiene en cuidados intensivos: estudio prospectivo y descriptivo / Emotional response of critically-ill cardiac patients during hygiene procedures in intensive care: a prospective and descriptive study / Resposta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos críticos durante a higiene em cuidados intensivos: um estudo prospectivo e descritivo

Objetivo: analizar la respuesta emocional de pacientes conscientes en estado crítico durante la higiene diaria en una unidad de cuidados intensivos cardiológicos y compararla en función de experiencias previas o no. Método: estudio prospectivo y descriptivo. Encuesta ad hoc de 30 ítems realizada a 148 pacientes y basada en la higiene del primer día. Se formulan preguntas sobre los sentimientos durante la higiene y aspectos positivos y negativos de la experiencia. Se compara a los pacientes en función de si se los había higienizado con anterioridad. Resultados: el 67,6% fueron hombres y la media de edad fue de 67±15 años. El 45,9% presentó conformismo, el 27% sintió vergüenza y el 86,3% agradeció que le hablaran durante la higiene. Al 33,1% de los pacientes nunca les habían realizado higiene en la cama, eran significativamente más jóvenes y solteros, y tenían menor sensación de limpieza. El 32% expresó que le gustaría que un familiar colaborase en la higiene. Conclusión: los pacientes no sienten que se invade su intimidad cuando se los higieniza y aprecian la comunicación con el personal sanitario durante estos cuidados. Los pacientes a quienes no les habían realizado higiene en la cama previamente son más jóvenes, sienten mayor vergüenza y les molestan más las interrupciones, siendo más conscientes de ellas.

Objective: to analyze the emotional response of critically-ill conscious patients during daily hygiene procedures in a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and to compare it based on the existence of previous experiences or not. Method: a prospective and descriptive study. A 30-item ad hoc survey based on the first-day hygiene procedures was applied to 148 patients. Questions are asked about the feelings during the hygiene procedures and about positive and negative aspects of the experience. The patients are compared based on whether they had been already subjected to hygiene procedures or not. Results: 67.6% were men and their mean age was 67±15 years old; 45.9% proved to be satisfied, 27% felt embarrassment and 86.3% were grateful to the professionals for talking to them during the hygiene procedures. 33.1% of the patients had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed, were significantly younger and single, and presented a lower cleanliness sensation. 32% stated that they would like for a family member to collaborate in the hygiene procedures. Conclusion: the patients do not feel that their intimacy is invaded when they are subjected to hygiene procedures and appreciate communication with the health personnel while this care is provided. Those who had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed are younger, feel more embarrassed and are more disturbed by interruptions, in addition to being more aware of them.

Objetivo: analisar a resposta emocional de pacientes críticos conscientes durante a higiene diária em uma unidade de terapia intensiva cardíaca e compará-la considerando ou não as experiências prévias. Método: estudo prospectivo e descritivo. Foi aplicado questionário ad hoc de 30 itens a 148 pacientes, com base na higiene do primeiro dia. Foram feitas perguntas sobre sentimentos durante a higiene e aspectos positivos e negativos da experiência. Os pacientes foram comparados considerando o fato de terem sido higienizados anteriormente. Resultados: 67,6% eram homens e a idade média foi de 67±15 anos. 45,9% apresentavam conformismo, 27% se sentiram envergonhados e 86,3% estavam gratos por terem conversado com eles durante a higiene; 33,1% dos pacientes acamados nunca haviam recebido cuidados de higiene no leito, eram significativamente mais jovens e solteiros, e tinham um senso de limpeza mais baixo; 32% expressaram que gostariam que um membro da família ajudasse na higiene. Conclusão: os pacientes não se sentiram invadidos em sua intimidade quando receberam os cuidados de higiene e apreciaram a comunicação com o pessoal de saúde durante o procedimento. Os pacientes que não tinham recebido cuidados de higiene no leito anteriormente são mais jovens, sentem-se mais constrangidos e mais incomodados pelas interrupções, sendo mais conscientes delas.

Experiências de enfermeiras obstetras no enfrentamento da COVID-19 / Obstetric nurses' experiences facing COVID-19 / Experiencias de enfermeras obstetras en el enfrentamiento del COVID-19

Objetivo: desvelar os sentimentos e fragilidades de enfermeiras obstetras no enfrentamento da pandemia da doença causada pelo coronavírus do tipo 2 (COVID-19). Método: estudo qualitativo, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, realizado em três maternidades de referência para risco habitual e intermediário no norte do Paraná, entre janeiro e julho de 2021. Foram entrevistadas individualmente e presencialmente, doze enfermeiras obstetras por meio de um instrumento semiestruturado contendo questões norteadoras, para análise dos dados foi utilizado Bardin e como referencial teórico Donabedian. Resultados: as narrativas foram agrupadas em duas categorias: A insegurança diante do desconhecido, e o medo da contaminação pelo vírus SARS-Cov-2; e Ausência de investimentos no capital humano gerando um contexto de risco frente ao manejo da pandemia. Considerações finais: evidenciou-se que os sentimentos negativos relatados pelas enfermeiras, estão fortemente ligados à especificidade e fragilidades do serviço de saúde, em especial maternidades, no enfrentamento da pandemia, afetando a saúde mental destes profissionais(AU)

Objective: to reveal the feelings and weaknesses of obstetric nurses facing the pandemic of the disease caused by type 2 coronavirus (COVID-19). Method: qualitative study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, realized in three reference maternity hospitals for usual and intermediate risk in the north of Paraná, between January and July of 2021. Twelve obstetric nurses were interviewed individually and in person using a semi-structured instrument containing guiding questions, Bardin was used to analyze the data and Donabedian as a theoretical reference. Results: the narratives were grouped into two categories: Insecurity in the face of the unknown, and the fear of contamination by the SARS-Cov-2 virus; and Lack of investments in human capital generating a context of risk in the face of pandemic management. Final considerations: it was evidenced that the negative feelings reported by nurses are strongly linked to the specificity and weaknesses of the health service, especially maternity hospitals, in confronting the pandemic, affecting the mental health of these professionals(AU)

Objetivo: revelar los sentimientos y debilidades de las enfermeras obstétricas frente a la pandemia de la enfermedad causada por el coronavirus tipo 2 (COVID-19). Método: estudio cualitativo aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación, realizado en tres maternidades de referencia para riesgo habitual e intermedio en el norte de Paraná, entre enero y julio de 2021. Se entrevistaron a doce enfermeras obstétricas, individual y presencialmente, utilizando un instrumento semiestructurado conteniendo preguntas orientadoras. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó Bardin y, como referencia teórica, Donabedian. Resultados: las narrativas fueron agrupadas en dos categorías: inseguridad frente a lo desconocido y el miedo a la contaminación por el virus SARS-Cov-2; y falta de inversiones en capital humano generando un contexto de riesgo ante la gestión de la pandemia. Consideraciones finales: se evidenció que los sentimientos negativos reportados por las enfermeras están fuertemente relacionados a la especificidad y a las debilidades del servicio de salud, especialmente de las maternidades, en el enfrentamiento a la pandemia, afectando la salud mental de estas profesionales(AU)

Grupo com crianças e o uso de recursos artístico-expressivos: um estudo qualitativo / Group with children, and the use of artistic-expressive resources: a qualitative study / Grupo con niños y uso de recursos artístico-expresivos: un estudio cualitativo

O uso de recursos artístico-expressivos, muito presente no universo infantil, facilita o acesso a conteúdos inconscientes e promove um ambiente propício para a expressão e elaboração de sentimentos, podendo ser considerado um instrumento para intervenção junto às crianças. Objetivou-se investigar o uso desses recursos em um grupo terapêutico realizado em serviço-escola de Psicologia, atrelado a um trabalho que visava a expressão e compreensão das emoções. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em Psicologia Clínica, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas iniciais e finais com os responsáveis pelas crianças, além de oito encontros semanais em sessões de uma hora de duração, mediados por histórias infantis, que discorriam sobre identidade, família e emoções, seguidas de atividades expressivas. Os resultados indicam que o uso de recursos artístico-expressivos possibilitou a expressão de emoções, elaboração de vivências e melhora na comunicação, além de promover melhorias nas relações familiares e interpessoais. Considera se tratar de uma via de intervenção pertinente em serviços-escola de Psicologia, haja vista seu potencial na promoção de saúde mental infantil.

The use of artistic-expressive resources, very present in the children's universe, facilitates access to unconscious contents and promotes an environment conducive to the expression and elaboration of feelings, and can be considered an instrument for intervention with children. The objective was to investigate the use of these resources in a therapeutic group held in a Psychology school service, linked to work that aimed at expressing and understanding emotions. In this qualitative research in Clinical Psychology were taken initial and final interviews with those responsible for the children, in addition to eight weekly meetings in one-hour sessions, mediated by children's stories that discussed identity, family and emotions, followed by expressive activities. The results indicate that the use of artistic-expressive resources enabled the expression of emotions, elaboration of experiences and improved communication, in addition to promoting improvements in family and interpersonal relationships. This strategy is therefore considered to be a relevant way of intervention in Psychology school services, given its potential in promoting children's mental health.

El uso de recursos artísticos y expresivos, muy común en el mundo infantil, facilita el acceso a contenidos inconscientes y promueve un ambiente propicio para la expresión y comprensión de sentimientos, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta valiosa para intervenir con niños. El objetivo fue investigar el uso de estos recursos en un grupo terapéutico realizado en un servicio escuela de psicología, en el contexto de un programa destinado a fomentar la expresión y comprensión de las emociones. Llevamos a cabo una investigación cualitativa en Psicología Clínica, que incluyó entrevistas iniciales y finales con los padres de los niños, así como ocho sesiones semanales de una hora de duración. Durante estas sesiones, utilizamos historias infantiles para abordar temas relacionados con la identidad, la familia y las emociones, seguidas de actividades expresivas. Los resultados indican que el uso de recursos artísticos y expresivos posibilitó la expresión de emociones, elaboración de experiencias y mejoró la comunicación, además de promover mejoras en las relaciones familiares e interpersonales. Se considera una vía de intervención relevante en los servicios escuela de psicología, dado su potencial en la promoción de la salud mental infantil.

Depression in older adults from the municipality of Mochitlan, Guerrero (Mexico) / Depresión en adultos mayores del municipio de Mochitlán, Guerrero (Mexico) / Depressão em idosos do município de Mochitlán, Guerrero (Mexico)

Introduction: Depression in older adults in an important aspect since it affects significantly their health and quality of life. As people age, they may experience physical, emotional, and social changes that make them more susceptible to depression. Based on estimations from the World Health Organization, the global population over 60 years of age with some depressive symptoms will increase from 12% to 22% between 2015 and 2050. Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with depression in older adults from the municipality of Mochitlan, Guerrero. Materials and methods: Mixt quantitative research with an analytical cross-sectional design and a simple random sampling of 26 older adults. Information was collected through a multiple choice survey administered by the researchers using an instrument with four sections. The ethnographic method was used for the qualitative approach, through a semi-structured interview to a focus group of seven older adults, with 3 open questions. Results: Mild (38.46%), moderate (7.69%), and serious (3.85) was found. The associated factors were: female gender; type of work; and monthly income. The qualitative analysis showed positive and negative emotions. Conclusions: 50% of the population had some type of depression.

Introducción: La depresión en adultos mayores es un tema importante debido a que afecta de manera significativa la salud y calidad de vida. A medida que las personas envejecen, pueden experimentar cambios físicos, emocionales y sociales que los hacen más susceptibles a tener depresión. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estima que entre 2015 y 2050 la población mundial mayor de 60 años pasará del 12% al 22% de padecer algún síntoma depresivo. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la depresión en adultos mayores del Municipio de Mochitlán, Guerrero. Materiales y métodos: Investigación mixta, cuantitativa con diseño transversal analítico, muestreo aleatorio simple en una población de 26 adultos mayores, se recabo información mediante una encuesta aplicada por los investigadores con opción múltiple utilizando un instrumento de cuatro apartados. Para el enfoque cualitativo se utilizó el método etnográfico, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada con 3 preguntas abiertas a un grupo focal de siete adultos mayores. Resultados: Se encontró depresión leve (38,46%), moderada (7,69%) y grave (3,85%). Los factores asociados fueron género femenino, tipo de trabajo; ingreso mensual. El análisis cualitativo mostro emociones positivas y negativas. Conclusiones: 50% de la población presento algún tipo de depresión.

Introdução: A depressão em idosos é um tema importante porque afeta significativamente a saúde e a qualidade de vida. À medida que as pessoas envelhecem, elas podem passar por mudanças físicas, emocionais e sociais que as tornam mais suscetíveis à depressão. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) estima que entre 2015 e 2050, a população mundial com mais de 60 anos passará de 12% a 22% sofrendo de alguns sintomas depressivos. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à depressão em idosos do município de Mochitlán, Guerrero. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa mista, quantitativa, com desenho analítico transversal, amostragem aleatória simples em população de 26 idosos, as informações foram coletadas por meio de questionário aplicado pelos pesquisadores com múltipla escolha por meio de instrumento de quatro seções. Para a abordagem qualitativa utilizou-se o método etnográfico, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 3 questões abertas a um grupo focal de sete idosos. Resultados: Foi encontrada depressão leve (38,46%), moderada (7,69%) e grave (3,85%). Os fatores associados foram sexo feminino, tipo de trabalho; ingresso mensal. A análise qualitativa evidenciou emoções positivas e negativas. Conclusões: 50% da população apresentou algum tipo de depressão.

Emociones autoconscientes relacionadas con el cuerpo y la apariencia y sintomatología de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en una muestra de hombres adultos / Body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions and eating disorder symptoms in a sample of adult men

Abstract: In recent years, the number of men suffering from an Eating Disorder (ED) has increased. However, very few studies on ED have been conducted in samples of men. This paper aims to shed some light on this issue by exploring the following questions in a sample of adult men: 1) to analyse the relationships between body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions and ED symptomatology and, 2) to study the differences between a group of men who are at risk of developing an ED and another group of men who are not at risk of developing an ED in body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions. A total of 207 Spanish or Latin American men aged 18-50 years participated. Men who were at risk of developing an ED had more body shame and body guilt than those who were not at risk. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in body pride. These findings show that, unlike in women, body pride does not seem to play as important a role in these disorders as body shame or body guilt.

Resumen: En los últimos años, ha aumentado el número de hombres que padecen un Trastorno de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA). Sin embargo, apenas se han realizado estudios sobre TCA con muestras de hombres. Este trabajo pretende arrojar algo de luz a este respecto, explorando las siguientes cuestiones en una muestra de hombres adultos: 1) analizar las relaciones entre las emociones autoconscientes asociadas al cuerpo y a la apariencia y la sintomatología de TCA y, 2) estudiar las diferencias entre un grupo de hombres que están en riesgo de desarrollar un TCA y otro grupo de hombres que no presentan dicho riesgo en las emociones autoconscientes asociadas al cuerpo y a la apariencia. Participaron 207 hombres de entre 18 y 50 años de nacionalidad española o latinoamericana. Los hombres que estaban en riesgo de desarrollar un TCA presentaron más vergüenza corporal y culpa corporal que aquellos que no tenían dicho riesgo. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos en el orgullo corporal. Estos hallazgos muestran que, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en mujeres, el orgullo corporal no parece desempeñar un papel tan relevante en estos trastornos como el que tienen la vergüenza corporal o la culpa corporal.

Percepciones de las enfermeras de oncología infantil relacionadas con el perfil, capacitación, emociones y reacciones en la valoración del niño con dolor / Perceptions of pediatric oncology nurses related to the profile, training, emotions, and reactions in the assessment of children with pain

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en la niñez y la adolescencia. Tanto el impacto biopsicosocial y espiritual que produce, puede llevar al niño a experimentar dolor y sufrimiento. OBJETIVO: Comprender aspectos comunes percibidos por la enfermera oncológica y como se relacionan en la valoración de un niño con dolor. MÉTODO: se trató de un estudio cualitativo con diseño de teoría fundamentada de datos según referencial metodológico de Strauss y Corbin. Por medio de muestreo teórico fueron seleccionados 13 participantes profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes a diferentes hospitales de Santiago de Chile. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad. El estudio se rigió por medio de los criterios de credibilidad, confirmabilidad y fidelidad de Guba y Lincoln. Los datos recolectados fueron transcritos posterior a cada entrevista y analizados en tres etapas: codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. RESULTADOS: para las enfermeras que trabajan en el área de oncología infantil, es central el cuidado entregado en el proceso de enfermedad del niño hospitalizado por cáncer, considerando aspectos como el perfil de las profesionales, las emociones, la capacitación, las reacciones frente a un niño con dolor y las relaciones que existe entre ellos. CONCLUSIONES: Existen aspectos que resultan común en las enfermeras que se desempeñan en oncología infantil y que producto de las relaciones existentes entre ellos, pueden inclinar a las profesionales a reconocer el dolor en los niños con cáncer desde diversas perspectivas.

Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in childhood and adolescence. Both the biopsychosocial and spiritual impact it produces can lead the patient child to experience pain and suffering. OBJETIVE: To understand common aspects perceived by the oncology nurse and how they are related to the assessment of a child in pain. METHOD: We conducted a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach based on Strauss and Corbin's methodological framework. Through theoretical sampling, 13 nursing professionals who worked in different hospitals in Santiago, Chile were selected. Data collection took place through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The study followed Guba and Lincoln's criteria for credibility, confirmability, and fidelity. The data collected was transcribed after each interview and analyzed in three stages: open, axial and selective coding. RESULTS: For nurses who work in pediatric oncology, the care provided throughout the illness process for the child is central, considering aspects such as the profile of the professionals, the emotions, training, reactions to a child in pain, and the relationship that exist amongst them. CONCLUSIONS: There are common aspects amongst nurses who work in pediatric oncology. Because of the relationships between them, these aspects can help professionals to recognize pain in children with cancer following diverse perspectives.

Journey through artistic eras depicting dreams, sleep, and its disorders / Viagem por eras artísticas retratando sonhos, sono e seus transtornos

This narrative review presents a comprehensive examination of artistic periods since the Renaissance, paralleling the evolution of neurology and pictorial artistic expression about sleep, ending with the importance of the contemporary digital era. Over the centuries, artists have been drawn to the enigmatic themes of dreams, sleep, and their disorders, using them to explore the complexities of the human condition, emotions, and the interaction between reality and imagination. Thus, drawing references from diverse artistic eras, including their pictorial representations of sleep, alongside milestones in the history of neurology, this study reveals a rich interconnectivity between art, neurological advances, and social change.

Esta revisão narrativa apresenta um exame abrangente dos períodos artísticos desde o Renascimento, em paralelo com a evolução da neurologia e a expressão artística pictórica sobre o sono, terminando com a importância da era digital contemporânea. Ao longo dos séculos, os artistas foram atraídos pelos temas enigmáticos dos sonhos, do sono e dos seus distúrbios, aproveitando-os para explorar as complexidades da condição humana, das emoções e da interação entre a realidade e a imaginação. Assim, extraindo referências de diversas épocas artísticas, incluindo suas representações pictóricas do sono, paralelamente a marcos na história da neurologia, este estudo revela uma rica interconectividade entre arte, avanços neurológicos e mudanças sociais.

Semiología de la Migración

Introducción: El fenómeno de la migración genera una serie de experiencias en el ser humano que se traducen en emociones, sentimientos, procesos de adaptación, duelos y procesos psicopatológicos, hasta expresiones patológicas representadas por cuadros clínicos de diferente índole. Objetivo: La intención de este artículo es realizar una reflexión conceptual y clínica de la semiología en torno al concepto y la experiencia de la migración, para con ello ilustrar la complejidad que entraría como fenómeno humano. Método: Revisión narrativa reducida, circunscrita y restringida a los aspectos semiológicos, psicopatológicos y clínicos de la migración. Discusión: La separación, las rupturas y las pérdidas que se derivan de la migración no pasan inadvertidas al individuo, se inscriben en su corporalidad como lesiones fisiológicas que afectan a su vida y como lesiones simbólicas que afectan a su existencia. Conclusiones: La migración supone una ruptura de la totalidad del ser. El contexto, el otro y las relaciones quedan cercenados de la unidad total que es el individuo, como si perdiera la mitad de sí mismo.

Introduction: The phenomenon of migration generates a series of experiences in the human being that are translated into emotions, feelings, adaptation processes, grief and psycho-pathological processes, and even pathological expressions, represented by clinical pictures of different kinds. Objective: The purpose of this article is to carry out a conceptual and clinical reflection on the semiology around the concept and experience of migration, in order to illustrate the complexity that it entails as a human phenomenon. Methods: A reduced narrative review, circumscribed and restricted to the semiological, psychopathological and clinical aspects of migration. Discussion: The separation, ruptures and losses that derive from migration do not go unnoticed by the individual. They are inscribed in his/her corporality as physiological injuries that affect his/her life and as symbolic injuries that affect his/her existence. Conclusions: Migration supposes a rupture of the totality of being. The context, the perception of others and relationships are cut off from the total unity that is the individual, as if he/she lost half of him/herself.

Sentimentos e expectativas dos graduandos de enfermagem relação do estado de ansiedade na pandemia covid-19 / Feelings and expectations of nursisng graduates relation of anxiety state in the COVID-19 pandemic

Objetivos: Identificar os sentimentos e expectativas dos graduandos de enfermagem com a pandemia de COVID-19. Relacionar o estado de ansiedade dos graduandos com a pandemia e associar as características sociodemográficas e consequências econômicas com o estado de ansiedade. Método: Estudo correlacional, transversal quantitativo que teve como variáveis de resposta as expectativas e sentimentos acadêmicos dos estudantes durante a pandemia Covid-19 e como variáveis preditoras as características sociais e o estado de ansiedade. A amostra foi composta por 30 participantes com idade média de 25,7 anos (desvio-padrão 8,0). O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da IES sob número de parecer 4.467.808. O período da coleta de dados foi de março de 2021 a abril de 2021. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (63,3%), natural de São Paulo e sem companheiro. A cor autorreferida mais frequente foi a branca (50,0%) e os principais sentimentos foram de insegurança (36,7%). Conclusão: Houve correlações significativas do traço de ansiedade para o sexo feminino, para aqueles que viviam sem companheiro e entre aqueles de pele branca, também houve associação significativas entre os escores IDATE e sentimentos acadêmicos.(AU)

Objectives: To identify the feelings and expectations of undergraduate nursing students regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. To relate the state of anxiety of undergraduates with the pandemic and to associate sociodemographic characteristics and economic consequences with the state of anxiety. Method: A correlational, cross-sectional quantitative study whose response variables were students' academic expectations and feelings during the COVID-19 pandemic and as predictor variables social characteristics and state of anxiety. The sample consisted of 30 participants with an average age of 25.7 years (standard deviation 8.0). The study was approved by the HEI's Research Ethics Committee under opinion number 4.467.808. The data collection period was from March 2021 to April 2021. Results: The majority of participants were female (63.3%), from São Paulo and without a partner. The most frequent self-reported color was white (50.0%) and the main feelings were insecurity (36.7%). Conclusion: There were significant correlations of the anxiety trait for females, for those living without a partner and among those with white skin; there was also a significant association between IDATE scores and academic feelings.(AU)

Objetivos: Identificar los sentimientos y expectativas de los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería ante la pandemia de COVID-19. Relacionar el estado de ansiedad de los estudiantes universitarios con la pandemia y asociar las características sociodemográficas y las consecuencias económicas con el estado de ansiedad. Método: Estudio cuantitativo correlacional transversal cuyas variables de respuesta fueron las expectativas académicas y sentimientos de los estudiantes durante la pandemia COVID-19 y como variables predictoras las características sociales y el estado de ansiedad. La muestra consistió en 30 participantes con una edad media de 25,7 años (desviación típica 8,0). El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité Ético de Investigación del IES con el número de dictamen 4.467.808. El periodo de recolección de datos fue de marzo de 2021 a abril de 2021. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres (63,3%), de São Paulo y sin pareja. El color autodeclarado más frecuente fue el blanco (50,0%) y los principales sentimientos fueron la inseguridad (36,7%). Conclusión: Hubo correlaciones significativas del rasgo de ansiedad para las mujeres, para las que vivían sin pareja y entre las de piel blanca, y también hubo una asociación significativa entre las puntuaciones del IDATE y los sentimientos académicos.(AU)

Desarrollo de Escala sobre Celos Románticos en Redes Sociales (Facebook y Whatsapp) / Development of the Social Networking Sites (Facebook and Whatsapp) Romantic Jealousy Scale

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo fue desarrollar y validar psicométricamente una escala para medir celos románticos en Facebook y WhatsApp, asimismo se buscó evidencia de que los reactivos no tuvieran un funcionamiento diferencial por sexo mediante análisis de invarianza factorial. Se trabajó con dos grupos de participantes de la Ciudad de México, 300 para un análisis factorial exploratorio y 300 para un análisis factorial confirmatorio y prueba de invarianza. Se encontró una estructura con 24 reactivos, adecuada confiabilidad (α = .96) correcto ajuste [χ2 (246) = 433.99, p <.01; CF1 = .99; RMSEA = .05] e invarianza factorial por sexo, por lo que se concluye que la escala es confiable y válida y permite comparación por sexo sin sesgos de medición.

Abstract The purpose of this work was to develop and psychometrically validate a Scale to measure romantic jealousy on Facebook and WhatsApp, also evidence of non-differential function of the items by sex is presented in the form of a factorial invariance test. Two groups of Participants from Mexico City worked on, 300 for an exploratory factor analysis and 300 for confirmatory factor analysis and invariance testing. A structure was found with 24 items, adequate reliability (α .96) corrects fit [χ2 (246) = 433.99, p <.01; CF1 = .99; RMSEA = .05] and factorial invariance by sex, so it is concluded that the Scale is reliable, valid, and allows sex comparison by sex without bias due to measurement.