RÉSUMÉ
Nowadays， both international and domestic scientific and technological innovation activities are facing different types and degrees of ethical risks， which bring many negative impacts to human society and even threaten the safety of individuals’ lives and properties. To further standardize the ethics review of science and technology， strengthen risk prevention and control， and promote responsible innovation， ten ministries and commissions jointly issued the Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） in September 2023. The Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） required that ethical review should be implemented for science and technology innovation activities in many fields， ethical review should be more practicable. It strengthened emergency management of major public emergencies， proposed that research institutions should establish risk assessment methods， new unorganized personnel can apply for entrusted ethical review， and an ethics committee certification system should be established. The Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） had outstanding highlights and distinctive features， clarified the responsible parties for scientific and technological innovation activities， strengthened their responsibilities and management of ethical review， introduced a management system for the list of scientific and technological activities， and created an expert review model for addressing the challenges of greater ethical risks. The interpretation and implementation reflection on the Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） can provide a reference for the implementation of it， with a view to promoting the ethical review of science and technology as a normative force， as well as facilitating the upward and positive development of scientific and technological innovation activities for the benefit of humanity.
RÉSUMÉ
A technology for evaluating computer-based distance education curricula for children and people working with children is described. The technology originated from a model of evaluation described by Markle (1967). The components were elaborated through data-based decisions reported in technical reports for a reading acquisition program, two math programs, a curriculum for people with autism, and a professional development program for clinicians working with children and adolescents. The article integrates single-case and group evaluation strategies, and draws attention to the need for better data in evidence-based decisions, and the use of data in continuous improvement efforts. Details concerning the individual learner at the developmental level of evaluation are emphasized, including an illustration of an e-learning rubric assisting this level of evaluation.
Se describe una tecnología por computadora para evaluar curricula para la educación a distancia para niños y personas que trabajan con niños. La tecnología se originó de un modelo de evaluación descrito por Markle (1967). Los componentes se elaboraron a través de decisiones basadas en datos, publicadas en reportes técnicos sobre un programa de adquisición de la lectura, dos programas de matemáticas, un curriculum para personas con autismo y en el desarrollo de un programa para clínicos que estaban trabajando con niños y adolescentes. El artículo integra estrategias de evaluación de un solo caso y de grupos y hace hincapié en la necesidad de obtener mejores datos para la toma de decisiones basada en evidencia y para el continuo mejoramiento de los esfuerzos. Se enfatizan los detalles relativos al aprendiz individual a un cierto nivel de desarrollo y evaluación, incluyendo una ilustración de una rúbrica de un e-aprendiz asistiendo este nivel de evaluación.