Food Intake, Dietary Quality and Nutritional Status of Female Adolescent in Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia

@#Introduction: Poor nutritional status of female adolescents does not only have an impact on themselves but also have an impact on the next generation. Food intake and dietary quality are important to support nutritional status during adolescence. This study aims to determine the relationship between food intake and dietary quality with nutritional status of female adolescent in Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia. Methods: This research was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were female adolescents aged 12-18 years with a total sample of 222 people. Data of food intake and dietary quality were measured using recall method, while nutritional status data were calculated using BMI for Age Z scores (BAZ). A linear regression model was used to predict the relationship of food intake and dietary quality to the nutritional status of female adolescents. Results: The average BAZ was 0.1±1.0, with an average dietary quality of 34.6±6.6%. The average energy intake was 1507.9±472.3 kcal, protein 32.4±11.0 g, carbohydrates 258.6±84.4 g, fat 44.9±19.9 g and fiber 3.88±2.7 g. Food intake (energy, protein, and fiber) and dietary quality were related to nutritional status (BAZ) in female adolescents (p<0.05). Conclusion: The balance of food intake and dietary quality is important to maintain the nutritional status of female adolescent properly. Nutritional interventions are needed to support female adolescent entering pregnancy with good nutritional status.

Biochemical Index, Nutrition Label Use, and Weight Control Behavior in Female Adolescents: Using the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Impacto de la obesidad en la salud de la niña y de la adolescente

Existe evidencia científica que demuestra la asociación entre la obesidad del adulto con síndrome metabólico, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad cardiovascular y muerte prematura por infarto de miocardio y enfermedad cerebrovascular. También existe evidencia sobre el inicio de la aterosclerosis desde la niñez, sin embargo no está claramente conocido el impacto de la obesidad del niño y adolescente en la salud del joven y adulto y su asociación con la mayor morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Fue de nuestro interés realizar una revisión y análisis de la obesidad del niño y adolecente como factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de aterosclerosis, síndrome metabólico, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad cardiovascular y muerte prematura en la juventud y edad adulta. Conclusiones. Aunque no existe consenso para definir la obesidad en niños y adolescente existe una tendencia creciente en su prevalencia en las últimas décadas. La obesidad que se presenta en los primeros años de edad tiende a perpetuarse a lo largo de la vida. No existe consenso para definir síndrome metabólico en niños pero es necesario detectar y tratar individualmente los factores de riesgo. Existe asociación significativa con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad cardiovascular y muerte por infarto de miocardio y enfermedad cerebrovascular en el adulto. La intervención desde los primeros años de vida sobre la obesidad y otros factores de riesgo disminuyen significativamente la ocurrencia de enfermedad cardiovascular en el adulto.

There is scientific evidence of the association between adult obesity and the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and premature death due to myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease. There is also evidence on the beginning of atherosclerosis in childhood, but the effect of childhood and adolescent obesity on young adults and adults it is not clearly defined as well as its association with higher morbidity and mortality by non communicable chronic diseases. It was our interest to review and analyze obesity in children and adolescents as a risk factor to develop atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and premature death in youth and adulthood. Conclusions: Despite no consensus to define obesity in children and adolescents there is a growing tendency to its prevalence in the last decades. The obesity that starts in early life tends to perpetuate. There is no consensus to define metabolic syndrome in children but it is necessary to detect and treat separately the risk factors. There exists significant association with type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and death due to myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease in the adult. Intervention on obesity and other risk factors that start early in life significantly decreases the occurrence of adult cardiovascular disease.

Impacts of Daily Habits, Health Status, and Health Promoting Behavior on Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among Female Adolescents

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate impacts of daily habits, health status and health promoting behavior on prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among female high school students. METHODS: The survey was conducted from 526 female students in high school. Rome III criteria was used to diagnose IBS. Data of daily habits, health status, and health promoting behavior were collected through self-administered structured questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of IBS was 25.7%. Compared to the non-IBS, the IBS group scored significantly lower in exercise time, sleeping time, four dimensions of health status (physical, emotional, social, spiritual health) and management of relationship and stress in health promoting behavior. Risk factors influencing IBS were exercise time, physical health and emotional health status. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that nursing interventions and education programs are important to be developed, while considering exercise, health status and health promoting behaviors for female adolescents in order to manage their IBS.

The application study of Health Belief Model in implementing contraceptive behavior among abortive female adolescent / 上海预防医学

With the rapid development of economic and social change , rates of premarital intercourse and unwanted pregnancy among teenagers are rising significantly .It leads to the increasing rate of induced abortion and makes serious harm in physical and mental health of female teenagers .Researches show that effective contraceptive measures can avoid the occurrence of an unwanted pregnancy but the implementation of contraceptive behavior is affected and restricted by various factors .This paper discusses the application of health belief model in implementing contraceptive behavior among abortive female adolescent to reduce the rate of induced abortion and explore effective ways to promote reproductive health among female adolescent .

Female Adolescents' Sexual Assertiveness Types: Q Methodology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the type of sexual assertiveness of female adolescents. METHODS: A Q methodology which provided a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each type was used. Thirty-three female high school students classified 40 selected Q statements into 9 points standard. The collected data was analyzed by using the PC-QUNAL program. RESULTS: Four types of sexual assertiveness manifested by female adolescents were identified: Type 1: Self-normative line-drawing type, Type 2: Pleasure-seeking negotiation type, Type 3: Passive relationship maintenance type, Type 4: future-oriented satisfaction-delay type. CONCLUSION: This study is meaningful because it provides empirical information necessary for the development of theories by verifying integrated attributes related to the female adolescents' sexual assertiveness. Results also induced the measuring tools and succeeding studies, and presented educational material for sex education that is tailored to the developmental level and characteristics of female adolescents.

Anger, Anger Expression Types, Problem Behaviors, and Suicide Probability in Adolescent Women using Cluster Analysis

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression types of adolescent women and investigate the relationship between the identified anger-expression types and their problem behaviors and suicide probability. METHODS: The participants were 942 students at two female high school located in Gwangju. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe multiple comparison test. RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed 4 distinct anger expression types; Anger-out, Low anger expression, Anger-control, and Anger-in/out types. Female adolescent women had a higher level of trait anger or who frequently used the anger-in/out type reported internalized-externalized problem behaviors and suicide probability more frequently compared to those who frequently used the other three types of anger expression. CONCLUSION: Female adolescent women who had the low anger expression type and anger control type managed anger most effectively. The findings suggest the necessity of a development of the program for lowering the trait anger level and controlling the unfavorable anger expression types such as the anger-in/out.

Awareness of Body Shape, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders in Female Adolescents Living in Seoul

This study investigated dieting behavior, awareness of body shapes, and eating disorders in female adolescents according to age and BMI. The Eating Attitude Test for Korean Adolescents (EAT-26KA) and sociocultural standards were used to measure eating disorders and sociocultural attitudes related to appearance, respectively. In addition, the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) scale was used to measure the correlation between disordered eating and depression. The data were collected from 390 female adolescents living in Seoul and were analyzed using SPSS15.0. The results indicated that subjects wanted to be thinner despite having a normal body weight (BMI 19.35+/-2.73). They also thought of themselves as fat and with desires to be slimmer, and viewed "diet and exercise" as the best way to lose weight. About 67.4% of the respondents had tried a diet and had experienced dizziness, anorexia, and general exhaustion while dieting. Also, 5.1% of the subjects were classified as eating disorder and suffered from stress to be thin. In addition, 85.0% of the subjects with eating disorder had tried a diet due to "appearance". They thought that "being underweight" was an ideal body image and considered themselves fat, although their BMIs were in the normal range (19.94+/-2.02). In terms of symptoms during dieting, many of the subjects dealing with an eating disorder felt dizzy, had low energy, and were depressed. In conclusion, we must educate young females about healthy eating and positive body image to prevent the development of adolescent eating disorders.

Two adolescent cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome / 소아과

Two adolescent cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, which has not been previously reported in Korean girls, presenting with right upper-quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever are reported here. A careful and thorough inquiry into the sexual history of the first patient, which was not done upon admission, led to a careful reassessment of the dynamic abdominal computed tomography scan revealing hepatic capsular enhancement without evidence of gallbladder or liver disease. Both cases were diagnosed noninvasively and were treated successfully by medical intervention. A high index of suspicion of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome should be implemented in the differential diagnosis of right upper quadrant pain, particularly in sexually active girls, for a prompt diagnosis and rapid cure.

Two adolescent cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome / 소아과

Two adolescent cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, which has not been previously reported in Korean girls, presenting with right upper-quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever are reported here. A careful and thorough inquiry into the sexual history of the first patient, which was not done upon admission, led to a careful reassessment of the dynamic abdominal computed tomography scan revealing hepatic capsular enhancement without evidence of gallbladder or liver disease. Both cases were diagnosed noninvasively and were treated successfully by medical intervention. A high index of suspicion of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome should be implemented in the differential diagnosis of right upper quadrant pain, particularly in sexually active girls, for a prompt diagnosis and rapid cure.

Dietary Intakes, Serum Lipids and Hematological Indices in Female Adolescent Smokers / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study was due to investigate the dietary intakes, serum lipids and other hematological indices in female adolescent smokers. The subjects were 85 smokers, whose average pack-year(smoking years on the basis of one pack of cigarettes per day) was 1.26 and 87 nonsmokers who were female high school students in Seoul. An anthropometric measreument was performed and % body fat was also analyzed by the Bioelectrical Impedance Fatness Analyzer(GIF-891). Dietary intakes and food habits were examined through questionnaires and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided. Nutritional analysis program for professional(CAN-pro). Serum TG, HDL-cholesterol and total-cholesterol levels were measured with test kits. Serum glucose, albumin, GOT and GPT were measured by automated dry chemistry system, SPOTCHEM 4410. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, WBC and MCV were determined by Semi Automated Microcell Counter(F-520). All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. There was no significant difference in the anthropometric measurements between smokers and nonsmokers. The caloric intake in adolescent smokers tended to be higher than that of nonsmokers but the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers in biochemical indices. Analysis of serum lipids showed that the serum levels of total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of nonsmokers were unexpectedly significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of smokers. Overall results indicate that smoking itself with short pack-year in healthy female adolescent did not seem to influence apparent health and nutritional status.

Rate of Eating Disorder in Beijing Girls / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To investigate the rate of eating disorder in B ei jing girls Method: 38 girls were screened out from 261 female adolescents of two schools in Beijing by self-made questionnaire They received structured interview Results: Three of the 38 were diagnosed as eating disorder NOS (with bulimia) according to DSM-IV Conclusion: The detected rate of eating disorder among Beijing female adolescent is 11%