Development of a computer-aided-controlling and image analysis system for light/dark box test in mice and rats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To develop a computer-aided-controlling and analysis system for light/dark box in mice and rats with a high degree of automation and intelligence.Methods Video recording and image processing were applied to develop the computer-aided-controlling and image analysis system for light/dark box test in mice and rats. The artificial environment was developed. The stability and reliability of the system was validated by male rats. Results The percentage of time spent in the lit chamber in total time was above 79.40%. The data showed that the artificial environment was successful. When the threshold was set at 18 cm/s, the data showed a high correlation coefficient of movement time between the computer and manual recordings(r > 0.99). Classical indexes including transition and time spent in both the lit and dark chambers also showed a high correlation. The model group showed a significantly decrease in the transitions and time spent in the lit chamber compared with the control group, indicating a high stability and reliability of the light/dark box test. Conclusions A stable and highly intelligent computer-aided-controlling and image analysis system for light/dark box test of mice and rats has been developed,and it could be used for pathological mechanism studies of anxiolytics.

Image Analysis for Degradation of DNA in Retinal Nuclei of Rat after Death / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The changes of retinal nuclear DNA content in rats after death was detected and the relationship between degradation of retinal nuclear DNA and postmortem interval (PM1) was analyzed. Ninety healthy adult SD rats, female, weighing 250±10 g, were randomly divided into 15 groups. At 20 ℃, the retinal cells were withdrawn every 2 h within 0 to 28 h after death and stained with Feulgen-Vans. Index of density (ID), integral absorbance (IA) and average absorbance (AA) in retinal nucleus were analyzed by image analysis system. And the obtained data were subjected to linear regression analysis by using SPSS 12.0 software. The results showed that in retinal nucleus, AA and IA were gradually declined with the prolongation of PMI, while ID had an increased tendency. Within 28 h after PMI, the regression equations were as follows: YAA=-0.009XAA+0.590 (R2=0.949), YIA=-0.097XIA+18.903 (R2=0.968), YID=0.122XID+2.246 (R2=0.951). It was concluded that retinal nuclear DNA after death in rats was degraded gradually and had a good correlation with PMI.

Evaluation of Porosity in Cylindrical Bone Cement Specimen Using Image Analysis System / 대한정형외과연구학회지

PURPOSE: The porosity of the bone cement is the most important cause of fatigue failure, the most common mode of failure of bone cement using widely in arthroplasty. It is important to evaluate the porosity of bone cement for improvement or development of bone cement, but the conventional 'stain, 'cut, and 'polish, manual method takes long time and efforts. So it is necessary to develop a new technique for evaluation of porosity of bone cement. We tried a technique using computer image analysis system to evaluate the porosity of bone cement specimen and assess efficacy of the method. Simultaneously we evaluated the relationship between the porosity of bone cement and fatigue failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We made 59, 2.5inch-length bone cement specimens(30 Simplex P, 29 Palacos R) using Simplex P and Palaces R which are widely using in clinical situation and checked radiogram using mammography film. After scanning the mammography film, we measured the porosity of the bone cement specimens using NIH(National Institute for Health) Image 1.6 version image analysis program. We also, measured the porosity of the bone cement specimens with conventional 'stain','cut' and 'polish' method, after then compared the results of two methods. Simultaneously, we evaluated the relationship between porosity & fatigue failure by loading 9.0, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0 MPa load with frequency of 10Hz to the bone cement specimens under the physiologic condition. RESULTS: The coefficient of relation of simplex P and palaces R was 0.729 and 0.713 respectively, so there was high relationship between the image analysis system method and conventional one. It was easy and took shorter time to measure the porosity of bone cement specimens with image analysis system. There was high correlation between cement porosity and fatigue failure, regardless of level of load. CONCLUSION: It was very easy and fast to measure the porosity of the bone cement specimens with image analysis system and there was high correlation between cement porosity and fatigue failure.

Image analysis system and its use in cytogenetic analysis.

Cytogenetic analysis is an important tool in the diagnosis of genetic disorders. It involves cell culture, metaphase arrest, hypotonic treatment, cell fixation, slide preparation and use of banding methods. Following the banding, analysis is done by taking photomicrographs of the metaphase spreads and developing and printing the film in the dark room. Individual chromosomes are then manually cut, paired, pasted and a karyotype is made. This whole procedure is time consuming, labour intensive and expensive. With the increasing workload of the cytogenetic laboratories and availability of improved computer capabilities for image processing, the Image Analysing System, with appropriate software, are being used for cytogenetic analysis. The system includes a high resolution research microscope with or without an automatic metaphase scanning stage, charged couple device (CCD) camera and computer with special software for image capturing, chromosome counting, automatic karyotyping etc. The system is connected to an ordinary inkjet/laser printer. The present paper deals with our experience of one year on use of image analysis system in routine cytogenetic analysis which has cut down the cost and time of karyotyping and analysis by non use of photographic film, developing, printing and dark room facilities. Hence provides reports to the patients with karyotypes using ordinary paper in one hour only. The most important is that this system has made storing and retrieval of data very easy.

Immunohistochemical study with depletion of cardiac troponin T in humen on myocardial infarction / 中国法医学杂志

Objective To detect the loss of cardiac troponin T (CTnT) in human myocardial infarction. Methods Loss of cardiac troponin T in human myocardial infarction was detected by immunohistochemical LSAB method. Results Obvious depletion of CTnT was observed in cases died from myocardial infarction,and by the computer image analysis, the mean CTnT-depleting area in myocardial infarction group was significantly different from that in the control group(P

Immunohistochemical localization of dental matrix protein 1 in carious human permanent teeth / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of dental matrix protein 1(DMP1)in carious human permanent teeth and its possible role during the reparative process after pulp injury.Methods:10 of noncarious third molars (NC),10 of shallow carious (SC),10 of intermediate carious (IC) and 10 of deep carious (DC) were prepared for the detection of DMP1 in odontoblasts by immunohistochemical staining. DMP1 expression in odontoblasts was analyzed by image analysis system and expressed as integral optical density (IOD).Results:DMP1 was majorly detected in cytoplasms and processes of odontoblasts and odontoblast-like cells.The IOD values in the groups of NC,SC,IC and DC were 0.265?0.018,0.309?0.021,0.678?0.031 * and 0.691? 0.033 * respectively;that in the reparative dentin in DC group was 0.856?0.045 ** ( *vs NC P

Analysis of Facial Motion Using Digitized Images / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Many tools are available for the evaluation of facial motion. They run the gamut from the gross scale proposed by House and May, the regional scale preferred by Adour and Yanagihara and the personal computers used by Neely and Isono. However, more objective and accurate tools of evaluation are still in need. With the aim of establishing a simple, objective evaluation method of facial motion, we devised a computerized image-difference analysis system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Facial motions of 14 normal volunteers were analyzed utilizing the computerized image-difference analysis system. Techniques such as image capturing, subtraction and thresholding were used to anlayze resting, smiling and eyeclosing motions of face. RESULTS: The subtracted image of a resting-face from an eye-closing face showed a greater movement in the eye area than in the mouth area. The subtracted image of a resting-face from a smiling face showed a greater movement in the mouth area than in the eye area. But there were no statistical differences between the right and the left side of the face of the same subject(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is possible to use the image analysis system to access facial motion of subjects with or without the normal facial motion.

Quantification of Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Skin Tumors

BACKGROUND: Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) have recently attracted much attention because of claims that their frequency within nuclei is significantly higher in malignant cells than in normal, reactive, or benign neoplastic cells. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to analyze a method allowing selection of the best morphometric criterion for quantifying AgNOR proteins under conventional observation conditions by light microscopy. METHOD: We tried to investigate the various parameters including NORs counting in cutaneous tumors using image analysis system. RESULTS: There were significant differences in mean nucleus area per a AgNOR, nucleus area between the benign and potentially malignant group. But the conventional counting of AgNORs is not able to differentiate between the two groups. We could discriminate squamous cell carcinoma from Bowen's disease using parameters of mean ratio of AgNORs area per nucleus area, mean ratio of greatest AgNORs area per nucleus area, coefficient of variation (C V) of nucleus area, and mean area of largest AgNORs. In squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma, C V of nucleus area has shown a significant difference. CONCLUSION: Study of AgNORs using image analysis system is a useful tool for the diagnosis of cutaneous tumors.

Effect of Pentoxifylline in the Experimental Acute Focal Cerebral Ischemia

The purpose of this experimental study is to determine the protective effect of pentoxifylline against the acute focal cerebral ischemia. The acute focal cerebral ischemia was induced by postorbital occlusion of the proximal portion of the left middle cerebral artery for 4 hours with reperfusion for 8 hours. The experimental animals were divided into two groups:group I(ischemic group) was the cats without pretreatment and group II(pentoxi group) was given pentoxifylline(15 mg/kg) intravenously 2 hours prior to occlusion of the artery. The total areas of infarction in left cerebral hemisphere were measured by image analysis system. In group I and II the total infracted areas were 4034.274 mm2 and 1385.536 mm2, respectively. The significant reduction of infracted areas in group II suggests that the pretreatment of petoxifylline has a beneficial effect on the acute focal cerebral ischemia in cats and would be applicable in the clinical field in which the ischemia is anticipated during major cerebral artery occlusion.

Experimental study of matrine's effects on intracelluar calcium effects on intracell cultured myocardial cells of SD rats / 中成药

Objectives: To clarify the antiarrhythmia mechanism of matrine by observing its effects on intracellular calcium concentration in cultured myocardial cells of SD rats. Methods: Myocardial cells of newborn(sucking) rats were fed with culture medium supplemented with verapamil、 potassium chloride and different dose of matrine, respectively. By means of the image analysis system, intensity changes of intracellular calcium were determined with the fluorescent probe to estimate indirectly inward calcium influx under the influence of matrine. Results: It was found that high potassium caused an increase in fluorescent intensity of intracellular calcium which could be inhibited by matrine. Conclusion: It is suggested that matrine may be a kind of calcium antagonium producing its antiarrhythmic action.

Study on the fibronectin for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction / 中国法医学杂志

In order to explore the value of fibronectin (Fn) in the postmortem diagnosis of myocardial infarction.The changes of Fn staining in normal, infarcted and other non infarcted myocardial injuries resulted from myocarditis, mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion and organophosphate poisoning were studied with immunohistochemistry and image analysis system. The results showed that positive Fn staining could only be observed in groups of myocardial infarction and myocarditis, but could not be found in groups of mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion, organophosphate poisoning. It is indicated that positive reaction of Fn could be affected only by myocarditis, so it is quite specific for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

EXPRESSION AND LOCATION OF TRH-R2 IN THE RAT TESTIS DURING POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the expression of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone receptor type-2(TRH-R2) in rat testis during postnatal development,and to discuss its function in the regulation of reproduction development. Methods Western blotting and the immunohistochemical ABC method were used to detect the expression and location of TRH-R2 in testes of 8,15,20,35,60 and 90-day-old rats. And the immunohistochemical results were analyzed with the image analysis system and statistical method. Results Western blot showed that TRH-R2 was expressed in 15- to 90-day-old rat testis. As for the immunohistochemical ABC method,we found that TRH-R2 firstly appeared in 8-day-old rat testes. In all the following stages we also detected the immunochemical positive cells in testes. TRH-R2 was distributed in the interstitial cells between seminiferous tubules and positive substance was expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of Leydig cells.The results of image analyses quantitation revealed that the intensity of TRH-R2 increased progressively with the postnatal development of rats.The peak was in 35-day-old.Then at the following stages the expression of TRH-R2 maintained stable.Conclusion TRH-R2 is expressed in rat testis during its postnatal development and locates in the Leydig cells,and the TRH-R2 shows development-dependent expression in testicular tissue.

AGE-RELATED CHANGES OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA OF THE RAT BRAIN:Ⅱ.QUANTITATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY ON ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY BY USING IMAGE ANALYSIS SYSTEM / 解剖学报

By means of pharmacohistochemical regimen method and image analysis system,the age-related changes of acetylcholinesterase activity of the substantia nigra neu-rons and the number and size(section area)of the AChE positive neurons in ratswere investigated quantitatively.The results showed that the number of AChE pos-itive neurons in the substantia nigra of the old rats decreased markedly,the rateand quantity of AChE synthesis in the perikaryon remarkable declined.The size(section area)of the AChE positive neurons also reduced with aging.These changeswith aging have never been studied in human or usual experimental animals,so thatsome new parameters were provided for the research field in experimental geronto-logy.In human and animal,the degeneration of the neurons in substantia nigra cau-sed by aging would disturb the balance between dopaminergic and acetylcholinergicsystem and hence interfere with the normal coordination of movement.