Grading angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A histomorphometric study.

Context: Like normal tissues, tumors require an adequate supply of oxygen, metabolites and an effective way to remove waste products. This is achieved by angiogenesis, which is defined as the process by which new blood vessels are produced by sprouting from preexisting vasculature. There is a large spectrum of physiological and pathological processes in which angiogenesis occur, ranging from tissue hypertrophy, wound healing, and inflammation to tumors. Aims: The present study was designed to morphometrically evaluate the angiogenesis in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) under light microscope by the use of H and E stained sections and to assess that whether the parameters of vascularity like mean vascular density (MVD), mean vascular area (MVA), and total vascular area (TVA) can be used to histologically grade the tumors. Subjects and Methods: A total of 10 cases each of well‑, moderately‑ and poorly‑differentiated SCC cases were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and were morphometrically analyzed for mean vascular density (MVD), MVA, and TVA. Ten cases of normal oral mucosa were taken as Control. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.0 version (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) software for windows. Group mean for MVD, TVA and MVA were calculated for 10 cases of each group. “Student’s t‑test” was applied to assess the intergroup variation of mean values of MVD, TVA, and MVA. Results: Our results showed significant differences between all the three parameters, that is, MVD, MVA and TVA when poorly differentiated OSCC was compared with the normal mucosa, well‑ and moderately‑differentiated OSCC. However, when comparison was made between the well‑ and moderately‑differentiated OSCC, the differences in the three parameters were present but not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was an increased MVD, MVA and TVA in poorly differentiated OSCC, which could be used as an additional criterion to histologically grade the tumor.

Expression of vascular endothlial growth factor and throbospondin-1 in bladder cancer / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the expression of vascular endothlial growth factor(VEGF) and throbospondin-1(TSP-1) in different grade bladder cancer.MethodsSpecimens of 70 cases of bladder transitional cell cancer including Grade Ⅰ 28 cases,Grade Ⅱ 27 cases,Grade Ⅲ 15 cases(according to WHO pathological grade) were stained with immunohistochemistry method.The expressing values of VEGF and TSP-1 were calculated by mean vascular density(MVD).All data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0,and with expression of VEGF and TSP-1 was detected with immunohistochemisrty double staining.Finally,the result of expression was observed by laser scan with focus microscope.ResultsThere was a positive correlation between the cancer grade and the expression of VEGF,and the expression of Grade Ⅰ was significant difference with that of Grade Ⅱ(P<0.01),but there was no difference between Grade Ⅱ and Grade Ⅲ(P>0.1).Expression of TSP-1 decreased with grade increasing but not showing a negative correlation,while,Grade Ⅰ was significant difference with that of Grade Ⅱ and Grade Ⅲ(P<0.01),Grade Ⅱ was not differcnt with Grade Ⅲ(P>0.1).In 28 Grade Ⅰ cases,values of MVD of VEGF and TSP-1 had no correlation(rs)=0.167,P>0.1).Double immunostaining detecting with laser scan with focus microcope indicate showed that VEGF and TSP-1 appeared in same bladder cancer specimen.ConclusionExpression of VEGF is gradually increased from Grade Ⅰ to Grade Ⅲ,and VEGF is a promoting factor of angiogenesic bladder cancer.Expression of TSP-1 is the strongest in Grade Ⅰ cases,and TSP-1 is an inhibiting angiogenesic factor,which inhibiting function only in early stage.Immunofluorescent staining can only provide evidence of together expression of VEGF and TSP-1,cannot evaluate the degree of expression.