Résumé
Objective To investigate the current ~atus of mercury thermometer applied in China and the replacement of it by electric thermometer.Methods A systematic review of the literatures was undertaken,and the mercury pollution caused by mercury thermometer was reviewed,the measures taken by various countries to reduce the use of mercury thermometer were introduced.The difficulty in promoting electric thermometer in China was analyzed,and some measures were proposed accordingly.Results Most of the population including medical staffs had few awareness of the hazard of mercury thermometer to the environment,while the promotion of electric thermometer was obstructed due to the deficiencies in propaganda andpolicies.Conclusion It's suggested emphases be placed on propaganda and measures to replace mercury thermometer by electric one to decrease mercury pollution.
Résumé
To design a sphygmomanometer detecting worktable to prevent the leaked mercury from flowing or doing harm to the staff after volatilization. The worktable was composed of a body, an exhaust hood, a flow-guided groove, a base, a flow-guided hole, a collecting bin, a ventilating fan and etc. A filter screen at the ventilating fan was equipped with the sulphur powder to react with the mercury vapor in the air. The worktable could reduce mercury pollution and its damage to the staff. The worktable facilitates the maintenance and detection of the sphygmomanometer, and thus is worthy popularizing clinically.
Résumé
Mercury and Lead concentrations obtained by ICP-OAS analysis of human hair from riverside communities along the Orinoco river in the Amazon state (Venezuela) were compared with those from Caracas, Venezuela. Taking into account the characteristics of these two environments and the values of the average concentrations of Mercury and Lead, baselines were established suggesting that gold mining activity near the Orinoco river is responsible for the high levels of Mercury in hair from the Amazon state, whereas automobile activity is responsible for high levels of Lead in hair in Caracas.
Concentrações de mercúrio e chumbo obtidas pela análise ICP-OAS de amostras de cabelo humano de comunidades ribeirinhas ao longo do rio Orinoco no estado de Amazonas (Venezuela) foram comparadas com outras de Caracas, Venezuela. Levando em consideração as características desses dois ambientes e os valores das concentrações médias de mercúrio e chumbo, foram estabelecidas linhas basais que sugerem que as atividades de minério de ouro próximo ao rio Orinoco são responsáveis pelos altos conteúdos de mercúrio em cabelo no estado de Amazonas. Entretanto, a indústria automotriz é responsável pelo alto conteúdo de chumbo em cabelo em Caracas.
Sujets)
Exposition environnementale , Analyse de cheveux , Poils , MercureRésumé
ve To study the conditions of determination of mercury in human hair by cold atom fluores-cence spectrometry (CAPS). Methods After being washed and dried completely, the hair sample was burned in tube stove 5 min at (750?50)℃. The mercury in absorption solution was reduced by stannous chloride (SnCl2), then was determined by cold atom fluoresence spectrometry (CAPS) at wavelength of 253.7 nm. Results 3g/L SnCl2 solution used as reductive agent for mercury. The linear range was 0. 04~2. 0?g/L mercury( r = 0. 999 9). The detection limit was 0. 05?g/ L. The relative standard deviation was 2.5%. The average recovery rate were 90%~110.0% . Con-clusion This method revealed good linear relationship and higher sensitivity, was suitable for determination of trace mercury in human hiar.