Is Regular Probiotic Practice Safe for Management of Sepsis? / 中国结合医学杂志

For decades, the gut has been thought to play an important role in sepsis pathogenesis. Sepsis is a serious life-threatening, chronic condition of an infection caused by dysregulated host immune response in most of the intensive care unit patients. Probiotics have dual roles in polymicrobial sepsis i.e. probiotics may induce sepsis in many cases and may prevent its prognosis in many cases. Experimental evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that probiotic therapy ameliorates various inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, etc., in septicemia. In addition, probiotic use was also found to reduce the severity of pathological conditions associated with irritable bowel disorder and prevent development of endocarditis in septicemia. On contrary, probiotic therapy in neonatal and athymic adult mice fail to provide any beneficial effects on mortality and sepsis-induced inflammation. Importantly, in few clinical trials probiotic use was found to aggravate sepsis by promoting inflammatory cascade rather than suppressing it. This review discusses various studies regarding the beneficial or harmful effects associated with probiotic therapy in sepsis.

Mechanism and Research Progress of Microbiome in the Development of Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor prognosis in China, and most patients are diagnosed as advanced patients. Studies have shown that the microecological characteristics of lung cancer patients are different from healthy people, and the microorganisms of the respiratory tract can affect the occurrence and development of lung cancer through various mechanisms. In recent years, the study of the correlation between microbiome and disease has become another research hotspot following the Human Genome Project. However, at present, there are relatively few studies on the characteristics of lung cancer and respiratory microbiome. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the potential relationship between lung cancer and microbial flora. By studying the mechanism of action of respiratory microorganisms in the development of lung cancer, it is expected to provide a clearer scientific basis in the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment of lung cancer. This article reviews the current researches on microbial flora and lung cancer, and provides new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
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A Study Of Clinicobacteriological Profile Of Acne Vulgaris In North–India

Background:Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. Aim: To assess the various types of lesions in various grades of acne and to study the microbial flora in various grades of acne. Materials and methods: 200 patients of Acne vulgaris in the age group 15-30 years attending Dermatology OPD at tertiary care centre of North India were enrolled and Specimen collected were sent to Department of Microbiology of the same tertiary centre for gram staining and aerobic and anaerobic culture. Results: Grade II acne was found to be the most common type, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) was most commonly and Micrococcus was least common isolated bacterium. CONS was most susceptible to cotrimoxazole, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was most susceptible to fusidic acid and both were least susceptible to azithromycin. Conclusion: Acne is frequently encountered in day to day clinical practice. CONS and P. acnes are important microbial agents in pathogenesis of acne. In clinical practice, the possibility of widespread antibiotic resistance should be borne in mind and careful use of anti-acne treatment regimen should be done to prevent emergence of resistance.

Neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin on rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To study the protective effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) on brain and to explore the changes in the diversity of intestinal microbial flora in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) by establishing a neonatal rat model of HIE, and to provide an experimental basis for clinical application of EPO in the treatment of neonatal HIE. Methods The HIE model was established in 7-day-old neonatal SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into the HIE model group, EPO-treated group and control group. The changes of nestin expression were detected by immunohistochemistry. Feces of the rats were collected to detect the changes in intestinal microbial flora by 16s rRNA sequencing. Results The expressions of nestin at the same time point in each group were significantly different (P ＜0. 05). The nestin level in the control group was the lowest, that in the EPO-treated group was the highest, and the HIE model group in between. The Shannon-Wiener index of the HIE model group showed a tendency to decrease compared with the control group. Conclusions Exogenous EPO can promote the growth of neural cells in neonatal rats with HIE, indicating a certain protective effect. Meanwhile, the diversity of intestinal microbial flora of the HIE neonatal rats is also changed.

Research progress on bio-organic fertilizer from Chinese materia medica residues / 中草药

With the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine industry, a large number of Chinese medicine residues were produced as byproducts. A large number of cellulose, protein, lipid and a variety of trace elements in Chinese medicine residues can be used to produce products with new value as the recyclable biomass resources. Chinese medicine residues can be transformed into bio-organic fertilizer through the application of biotechnology, which improves the utilization ratio of these materials. It is a good way to mine potential out of them. On the basis of reviewing domestic and foreign literature, this paper mainly focuses on producing bio-organic fertilizer by making full use of Chinese medicine residues. The practical significance of bio-organic fertilizer research, the value and main ways of recycling residues, the effects of bio-organic fertilizer, the fermentation microbial flora, and the functional microbial flora were described in details in this paper.

Transcriptome characterization of intestinal microbial flora in different pregnant women using Illumina sequencing / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the characteristics of the intestinal microbial flora in the pregnant women with congenital heart disease fetus ( PW group) and normal pregnant women ( NW group) .METHODS: Stool samples were collected from 15 NW and 17 PW cases.The bacterial genomic DNA was extracted.The 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR, and the second generation of Illumina sequencing was conducted.RESULTS: We obtained 2 696 276 ( NW group) and 2 445 530 ( PW group) optimized sequences.The coverage was greater than 97%.We obtained 77 243 operational taxono-mic units ( OTUs) in NW group and 75 600 OTUs in PW group after a 97%similarity merge.In NW group, the Chao 1 in-dex and the Shannon index were greater than those in PW group.The diversity analysis of microbial population indicated that they were mainly composed of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria.In family, the Bifidobacteriaceae and Cori-obacteriaceae were significantly different through analysis of variance.CONCLUSION: The Bifidobacteriaceae and Cori-obacteriaceae may play an important role in the occurrence of congenital heart disease.

Microbial spoilage of portuguese chouriço along shelf life period

Microbial flora of portuguese chouriço (Alentejano (A) and Ribatejano (R)) with abnormal sensorial characteristics along shelf life was studied. Mesophilic anaerobic bacteria, enterococci, mesophilic sporeformers, coliforms, coagulase-positive staphylococci, sulphite reducing clostridia, Clostridium perfringens, moulds and yeasts were the most representative in both types of chouriço.

The Microorganism Constitutes Analysis of Soy Sauce Liquor from High-Salt-Level Watery State Fermentation / 微生物学通报

A system analysis about the microbial flora of normal and abnormal soybean sauce liquor from the high-salt-level watery state fermentation was made and the dominant bacteria and yeasts were identified.On the other hand,a discussion of effect of temperature on microbial flora was made.The results indicated that there were no obvious differences about the count of aerobe,spore-producing bacteria,enterobacteriaceae,lactic acid bacteria and anaerobe between the normal and abnormal soybean sauce liquor and there were marked differences about the count of yeasts and salt-tolerant bacteria.The predominant yeasts in normal soybean sauce were Torulopsis and Saccharomyces,accounting for 55.9% and 35.3% of the total yeasts separately,and in abnormal soybean sauce were Pichia,candida and Saccharomyces,accounting for 62.8%,17.9% and 9.0% respectively.

The Comparative Analysis of Microorganism Diversity in Two Kinds of Packaged Chilled Beef on Sale / 微生物学通报

This research is for the purpose of comparative analysis of the microbial flora structure in the chilled beef with no packing and cling film, which under the same terms of sale. It was used the V3 area fragment of 16S rDNA to carry on PCR-DGGE, Meanwhile used the 16S rDNA sequence to analysis the microbial flora structure of the two samples, according to the technology of clone .The research discovered that the flora structure displays a biggish difference; there was 6 OTU in the chilled beef with cling film, mainly was that Lactococcus(28%), Lactobacillus (26%), Carnobacterium(18%) and Brochothrix (10%); but there was 18 OTU in the chilled beef with no packing, mainly was that Lactococcus(28%), Brchothrix(18%), Acinetobacter (11%). The result indicates that cling film played a certain inhibitory action regarding the Staphylococcus as well as the cold pole bacteria and such bacterium. And it can provide a certain theory ba-sis for the meat processing in the department of microorganism’s control.

A study of microbial flora of conjunctival sac in newborns

During the period from July to August 1987, the microbial flora in conjunctival sac of 93 newborns (186 eyes: normal vaginal delivery) and 19 newborns (38 eyes: cesarean section delivery) in nursery of Ewha Womans University Hospital were investigated for isolation and identification of bacteria on delivery day and on two days after birth. The results of the investigation are as follows: 1. Of 186 eyes (normal vaginal delivery), bacterial growth of one species was shown in 40 eyes (21.5%) on delivery day and in 64 eyes (34.4%) on two days after birth. Bacterial growth of two species shown in 10 eyes (5.4%) on delivery day and in 10 eyes (5.4%) on two days after birth. 2. Of 38 eyes (cesarean section delivery), bacterial growth of one species was shown in 2 eyes (5.3%) on delivery day and in 20 eyes (52.6%) on two days after birth. Bacterial growth of two species was shown 2 eyes (5.3%) on two days after birth. 3. Several kinds of bacterial species were isolated in normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section delivery. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus were isolated.