Research progress on oral characterization of Corona Virus Disease 2019 / 口腔疾病防治

@#Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19) has become a public health emergency that has attracted global attention because of its large-scale outbreak resulting in numerous human infections and deaths. COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Due to a large number of infections and fast transmission speed, it's significant to diagnose the infected people quickly and detect the asymptomatic infected people as soon as possible. At present, the preliminary screening is judged by the clinical manifestations of the patients, mainly involving the respiratory system, but recent studies have found that the patients infected with COVID-19 have unique oral manifestations, such as taste disturbance, xerostomia, halitosis, inflammation of salivary glands, necrotizing periodontal disease and some of them are earlier than typical symptoms such as dry cough, fever, etc. Paying attention to the oral manifestations of patients can further improve the COVID-19 screening procedure. At present, symptomatic treatment is mainly used for these oral symptoms.

Enfermedad periodontal necrosante: Conducta odontológica / Necrotizing periodontal disease: Dental behavior

El cuidado periodontal es, en esencia, labor del odontólogo y éste no puede pasar por alto la responsabilidad de proveer atención a todo paciente. La incidencia excesivamente elevada de problemas periodontales entre la población, dificulta que un número reducido de especialistas pueda enfrentarlos. En la cavidad bucal se pueden producir variedades de enfermedades de etiología diferente en este caso infeccioso bacteriano, por ello es muy importante que el odontólogo identifique y conozca las consecuencias ocasionadas si no se previenen o tratan a tiempo, así como las complicaciones. El término enfermedad periodontal necrosante se emplea como denominador común de la gingivitis, periodontitis y estomatitis necrosante, las cuales son un conjunto de enfermedades inflamatorias, dolorosas y destructivas que afecta primariamente la encía marginal como la papilar y con menor frecuencia, la encía adherida, llegando afectar el hueso alveolar. Suele encontrarse en cavidades bucales sanas o sobre añadido a una enfermedad gingival o periodontal, aparece en un diente, o un grupo de ellos, o abarcar toda la cavidad bucal y presentarse en individuos, con buena o deficiente higiene bucal. Es anómalo en edéntulos, pero a veces, se producen lesiones esféricas aisladas en el paladar blando. El propósito de esta revisión es describir las diferentes presentaciones clínicas de dicha patología, su etiología, diagnósticos diferenciales y diferentes métodos de tratamiento, además de la interconsulta con diferentes áreas, para valorar sus complicaciones y cuidados postoperatorios. Para ello se realizó basado en los lineamientos de la investigación descriptiva documental, una revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional.

The premise is that periodontal problems are treated by general dentists and they should not skip the responsibility to treat all of their patients. The excessive incidence of periodontal problems in the population makes it difficult to treat them by a specific number of specialists. There is a variety of diseases from various infectious etiology that take place in the mouth, it is essential that dentists know the importance of diagnosing, and also be aware of the consequences if they are not treated on time. The term necrotizing periodontal disease is used as common denominator of gingivitis, periodontal and necrotizing estomatitis, which are a group of dangerous, inflammatory and destructive diseases that affect mainly the marginal gum like the papilar and less frequently the adhesive gum affecting the alveolar bone. They can be found in healthy mouths or additional to a periodontal or gingival disease, in a tooth or in a group of them, or in the whole mouth or in individuals with good or poor mouth hygiene. It is not usual to find them as edentulous but sometimes isolated spheric injuries in the soft palate. The purpose of this report is to describe the different clinic presentation, etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology diagnose, differentials, treatment, prognosis, complications and post surgery care. That’s why a revision of the national and international literature was made based upon on documentary descriptive research techniques.