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Objective:To study the relationship between adult fluoride exposure and grip strength in rural areas of China with fluorosis, as well as the roles of basal metabolic rate (BMR) and body fat percentage (BFP) in the association between fluoride exposure and grip strength.Methods:From April to May 2017, a cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and biological sample collection on residents aged 18 - 60 in Tongxu County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province (epidemic areas of drinking-water-borne fluorosis). A total of 1 168 subjects were included in the study, including 427 males and 741 females. The fluoride ion selective electrode method and the picric acid method were used to determine the concentrations of urine fluoride and urine creatinine, and the adjusted urine fluoride concentration (CUF) was calculated. BMR and BFP were measured by a bioelectrical impendence method, and the grip strength was measured by a Jamar grip dynamometer. The relationship between CUF, BMR, BFP and grip strength were analyzed using a generalized linear model regression. The mediation effect model was used to assess the mediating effect of BMR and BFP on the association between CUF and grip strength.Results:Female grip strength decreased by 0.28 kg ( P = 0.043) for every 1.00 mg/L increment in CUF. No similar association was found between the two in males ( P = 0.744). Regardless of gender stratification, BMR was positively correlated with grip strength ( P < 0.001). For every 1.00% increase in BFP, female grip strength decreased by 0.18 kg ( P = 0.043). The mediation effect model analysis results showed that the mediation effect ratios of BMR and BFP in the association between CUF and grip strength in female were 65.1% ( P < 0.001) and 8.4% ( P = 0.111), respectively. Conclusion:Fluoride exposure is associated with changes in female grip strength, and BMR changes play a partial mediating role in the association between fluoride exposure and female grip strength.
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Objectives:To explore the burden and trend of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)attributed to household air pollution(HAP)in the world and China from 1990 to 2019. Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease(GDB)database in 2019,the CVD data attributed to HAP in China and around the world were extracted,and the mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALY)and their age standardized rate(ASR)and estimated annual percentage change(EAPC)were used to analyze the burden of disease and trend in China and other regions and countries from 1990 to 2019. Results:From 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized death rate(ASDR)(EAPC=-3.65,95%CI:-3.86 to-3.44),and the age-standardized DALY rate(EAPC=-3.60,95%CI:-3.78 to-3.41)attributable to HAP for CVD globally showed a decreasing trend.In China,the ASDR(EAPC=-5.78,95%CI:-6.17 to-5.38)and the age-standardized DALY rate(EAPC=-5.97,95%CI:-6.32 to-5.62)also showed a declining trend.The burden of males was slightly higher than females,reaching its peak at the age of 75 to 89 years.The largest increase of the burden of CVD attributed to HAP was in Philippines(ASDR:EAPC[95%CI]=0.87[0.21-1.54];age-standardized DALY rate:EAPC[95%CI]=1.32[0.60-2.03]),and the largest decline was in Saudi Arabia(ASDR:EAPC[95%CI]=-18.48[-18.63 to-18.32];age-standardized DALY rate:EAPC[95%CI]=-18.25[-18.38 to-18.12]).In 2019,the highest disease burden of CVD related to HAP per 100 000 people was significantly higher in ASDR(56.67,95%UI:42.08-73.07)and age-standardized DALY rate(1 318.63,95%UI:997.40-1 672.29)in areas with low social demographic index(SDI)than in other SDI areas.In 2019,among the 21 geographical regions and 204 countries in the world,the highest disease burden per 100 000 people was in Oceania,and the highest country was Solomon Islands,the corresponding ASDR of China was 12.52(95%UI:6.35-21.29)and the age-standardized DALY rate was 262.65(95%UI:133.90-447.50). Conclusions:From 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized burden of CVD attributable to HAP in the world and China showed a consistent downward trend,with males slightly higher than females,and the burden concentrated on population between 75 and 89 years old.Although there has been a certain decline in China,the disease burden is still high,so there is still a urgent need to take strong intervention measures to reduce burden of CVD attributable to HAP in China.
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【Objective】 To analyze the measurement of body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage in girls aged 6 to 8 years, in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. 【Methods】 The medical examination data of 968 girls with bone age of 6 - 8 years who underwent obesity screening in General Hospital of Northern Quarter Command from January 2022 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. BMI, body fat percentage, nutritional indicators, and obesity rate of girls with bone age of 6 - 8 years were analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for obesity in girls with bone age of 6 - 8 years old. 【Results】 BMI, body fat percentage and visceral fat grade of girls aged 6 - 8 years followed an increasing trend with age: 6 years old 3times/week (OR=1.432, 95%CI: 1.172 - 1.749),frequency of sweet food >3times/week (OR=2.670, 95%CI:1.170 - 6.093), eating speed < 15min/meal (OR=1.366, 95%CI:1.108 - 1.685), outdoor activity frequency <30min/day (OR=2.083, 95%CI:1.162 - 3.736), and parents lack of knowledge or with limited understanding of nutrition (OR=1.721, 95%CI:1.129 - 2.623) were independent risk factors for obesity in girls aged 6 - 8 years old (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The obesity rate of girls with bone age of 6 - 8 years old is high and should be addressed through a scientific diet, reasonable exercise, and educating parents to improve their knowledge of nutrition.
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Objective To compare seminal carnitine levels between normal males and asthenozoospermic patients,evaluate its correla-tion with progressive motility(PR)of sperm,and observe the effects of exogenous carnitine supplementation on asthenozoospermic pa-tients.Methods Semen samples were collected from 511 normal fertile males and asthenozoospermic patients.Seminal was measured using a fixed-time assay kit and the levels of carnitine were compared between the two groups.The consistency between seminal carni-tine and PR was assessed.Additionally,77 asthenozoospermic patients received L-carnitine(1 g/time,3 times/day,30 days/course).The levels of seminal carnitine and PR alteration pre-and post-treatment were monitored.Results The seminal L-carnitine level in the patients with asthenospermia([194.34±65.41]μmol/L)was significantly lower than that in normal fertile males([405.43±72.12]μmol/L)(P＜0.01).When the seminal L-carnitine level ≥325 μmol/L was set as the threshold,the statistical results showed that Kappa value was 0.81,with a diagnostic coincidence rate of 93.74％.After one course of administration of L-carnitine,the concentra-tion of seminal L-carnitine([356.03±84.87]μmol/L)and PR([32.69±8.35]％)were significantly higher those that before treat-ment([183.61±79.54]μmol/L and[16.56±7.74]％,P＜0.01).Conclusion The seminal carnitine assay kit could be used for ac-curate and high-throughput quantification of clinical samples,facilitating asthenozoospermia diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy evalua-tion.Exogenous carnitine supplementation may elevate seminal carnitine levels and sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients and po-tentially improve their fertility.
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Objective To investigate the correction between the fertilization rate of in vitro fertilization(IVF)and sperm parameters.Methods This retrospective study included 327 cases undergoing IVF procedures in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Chenz-hou First People's Hospital,who were divided into a low fertilization group(fertilization rate＜30％,n=19)and normal fertilization group(fertilization rate≥30％,n=308)based on the assessment standards of quality control data in the embryology laboratory of our center.The basic information of males,embryo information and related sperm parameters were collected,and the correction between sperm parameters and the fertilization rate was analyzed by Pearson correlation.The influencing factors of the fertilization rate were ana-lyzed by binary logistic regression,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)was performed to ana-lyze the predictive value of low fertilization rate.Results The sperm acrosin activity,percentage of spermatozoa with normal morpholo-gy and sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)were the relevant factors affecting the fertilization rate,and the correlation coefficients were 0.168,0.306,and-0.243,respectively(all the P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that all the three indicators were independent factors affecting the fertilization rate of IVF,and the multivariate logistic equation was as follows:estimated fertilization rate=-2.561+0.035 ×acrosin activity+2.066×percentage of sperm with normal morphology-1.51×sperm DFI.The areas under the ROC curve(AUC)of acrosin activity,percentage of sperm with normal morphology,sperm DFI and the combination of them were 0.806,0.889,0.827 and 0.899,respectively.The corresponding cut-off values for the Yuden index were 61.20 μIU/106 sperm,2.98％,27.50％and-21.32,respectively.The sensitivity of acrosin activity,percentage of sperm with normal morphology,sperm DFI and the combination of three indicators for the prediction of low fertilization rate were 95.70％,76.90％,68.40％,64.30％,and their specificity were 43.50％,94.70％,87.70％,100.00％,respectively.The combination of three indicators showed the best prediction ef-ficiency.Conclusion Acrosin activity,percentage of sperm with normal morphology and sperm DFI should be the independent factors to predict the fertilization rate of IVF,and the multivariate logistic equation can be used as a reference to predict the fertilization rate of IVF.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between body composition and the risk of gestational diabe-tes mellitus(GDM)in pregnant women.Methods:90 pregnant women with spontaneous pregnancy of singleton who underwent routine prenatal examination in our hospital were selected as GDM group,and 219 pregnant women with normal singleton in the same period as control group(NGT).The body composition was determined by bioimpedance method at 24-28 weeks of gestation.The relationship between body mass index(BMI),per-centage of body fat(FMP),percentage of fat-free body weight(FFMP),extracellular/intracellular fluid(ECW/ICW),body fat index(FMI)and GDM were analyzed.The levels of circulating adiponectin,fatty acid binding pro-tein 4(FABP4),leptin and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method,and their relationship with various indicators of human body composition was analyzed.Results:①Adi-ponectin in GDM group was lower than that in NGT group,while leptin was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).②The FMP,ECW/ICW and FMI in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).Univariate regression analysis showed that BMI,FMP,FMI and ECW/ICW before pregnancy were the risk factorsof GDM(OR＞1,P＜0.05),FFMP,MP,PP and M/F was the protective factor of GDM(OR＜1,P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that only FMP was significantly correlated with the risk of GDM,which was an independent risk factor(OR＞1,P＜0.05).③In GDM group,HOMA-IR was positively correlated with FMI(r＞1,P＜0.05)and negatively correlated with PP(r＜1,P＜0.05).④The ROC curve showed that the diagnostic value of pre-pregnancy BMI、FMP、ECW/ICW and FMI in GDM was similar.There was no significant difference in pre-pregnancy BMI,FMP and FMI(P＞0.05),but they were slightly better than ECW/ICW(P＜0.001).Conclu-sions:Body composition during pregnancy is related to the risk of gestational diabetes.The increase in FMP is associated with an increased risk of developing GDM.The higher the FMP,the higher the risk of GDM.The diag nostic efficacy of BMI,FMP and FMI in GDM is Similar.
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Objective To investigate the difference of the disease progression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with different muscle mass levels and the influence of related factors on the disease progression. Methods A total of 308 newly diagnosed patients with COPD from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected for this study. All patients were below moderate COPD. The patients were divided into two groups according to their muscle mass levels: sarcopenia group (98 cases) and control group (210 cases). The diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia were based on sarcopenia diagnostic thresholds: RSMI 2 in men and 2 for women. All subjects were followed up for 4 months to observe the progress of the patient's condition. The correlation between the muscle mass level and pulmonary function level, as well as the results of 6-minute walking test and CAT score was evaluated, and the influence of muscle mass level on the patient's disease progress was analyzed. At the same time, the potential influence of related factors (body fat rate, vitamin D level, etc.) on the condition of patients with different muscle mass levels was discussed. SPSS 19.0 software was used to perform statistical analysis. Results Under the same treatment intervention, the baseline and follow-up lung function improvement levels of patients in the sarcopenia group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the same time, the baseline and follow-up 6-minute walk test results of the patients in the sarcopenia group were also worse than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Further correlation analysis was carried out between the patient's muscle mass level and the post-treatment pulmonary function indicators and 6MWD test level. The results showed that the muscle mass level was positively correlated with several pulmonary function indicators (FEV1, FEV1% predict) and 6MWD (both P<0.05). Considering the possible influence of other factors on the control and progress of the patient's condition, the present study used follow-up CAT score results to distinguish the prognosis of the patient's condition improvement, and used improvement and non-improvement as dependent variables to analyze the influence of various potential influencing factors. The results of regression model analysis showed that lower baseline muscle mass, women, lower body fat percentage, and lower vitamin D level were the main risk factors. Conclusion Under the same treatment condition, COPD patients with different muscle mass levels improve more slowly when complicated with sarcopenia and have poor prognosis. Women, lower body fat percentage and lower vitamin D level are potential risk factors for poor prognosis.
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BACKGROUND:Resistance exercise increases muscle mass and improves muscle strength,but there is a lack of conclusive evidence on its effects on body composition.Controversial results from randomized controlled trials and multiple Meta-analyses pose a problem for clinical decisions on exercise interventions. OBJECTIVE:Based on the methodological paradigm of umbrella review,to explore the efficacy and safety of resistance exercise in improving the body composition of overweight and obese people. METHODS:We searched PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and CNKI for systematic reviews on the effect of resistance exercise in overweight and obese people published from database inception to August 31,2022.Chinese search terms included"anti-resistance,resistance,self-weight,Meta,Meta-analysis,body composition,body fat percentage,fat mass,lean body mass,body mass."English search terms included"resistance training,strength training,weight-lifting strengthening program,body composition,body fat distribution,Meta-analysis,data pooling,overviews,clinical trial,clinical trial overviews."PRISMA was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies,and a GRADE evaluation system was used to grade the quality of evidence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 14 Meta-analyses were included,and GRADE evidence quality evaluation showed that 2 outcome indicators were intermediate,12 were low,and 14 were extremely low.Compared with the control group,23 of the 32 outcome measures showed significant improvement.The intervention effect of resistance exercise on body fat percentage has reached a consensus,but the intervention effects on lean body mass,body mass index and visceral fat still need further confirmation.Resistance exercise is an effective and safe method to improve the body composition of overweight and obese people.The overall quality of the research and the evidence quality of the outcome indicators included in the systematic evaluation are generally low.In the future,the initial state,exercise goal and willingness of the subjects should be fully combined on the basis of clarifying the sample characteristics and refining the scheme design.Through multiple,scientific and personalized exercise prescription designs of water,air and elastic resistance,the safety and compliance of resistance exercise can be improved,providing clear evidence-based support and decision-making basis for resistance exercise intervention.
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BACKGROUND:Most scholars now believe that children with cerebral palsy who have severe spinal deformities in early childhood(<15 years of age)may have a higher risk of progression of spinal deformities,which may result from imbalances in movement due to pelvic tilt,pain,etc. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between lumbar spine development and hip joint development in children with spastic cerebral palsy. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 102 children with spastic cerebral palsy admitted at Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to December 2021.All admitted children had X-rays of the pelvic position and the lumbar lateral position.Anteroposterior X-ray of the pelvis was performed to measure femoral head migration percentage,central edge angle,neck-shaft angle,and acetabular index.The sagittal Cobb angle,sacral slope,arch-top distance,and lumbar lordosis index were measured by the lateral X-ray of the lumbar spine.Correlation of the two sets of indicators was further analyzed.All children were divided into normal group,risk group,hip subluxation group and total hip dislocation group according to their femoral head migration percentage,and the differences in lumbar spine indexes between groups were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Pearson correlation analysis showed that the femoral head migration percentage was moderately positively correlated with sagittal Cobb angle and arch-top distance,and weakly positively correlated with lumbar lordosis index;the central edge angle was moderately negatively correlated with the arch-top distance and weakly negatively correlated with the sagittal Cobb angle;the neck-shaft angle was weakly positively correlated or not correlated with the sagittal Cobb angle and lumbar lordosis index;and the acetabular index was weakly positively correlated with the sagittal Cobb angle and arch-top distance.No statistically significant correlation was found between the remaining indicators.According to the femoral head migration percentage,the children were divided into four groups,including 25 cases in the normal group,41 cases in the risk group,27 cases in the hip subluxation group,and 9 cases in the total hip dislocation group.The sagittal Cobb angle was significantly increased in the risk group,the hip subluxation group and the total hip dislocation group compared with the normal group,showing an increasing trend group by group,and there were significant differences between groups(P<0.05).Compared with the normal group,the lumbar lordosis index in the risk group and the hip subluxation group increased significantly,and there were significant differences between groups(P<0.05).There was an increase trend in the lumbar lordosis index of the total hip dislocation group compared with the normal group.Compared with the normal group,the arch-top distance in the hip subluxation group and the total hip dislocation group increased significantly(P<0.05),and there was a stepwise increasing trend.There was no significant difference in sacral slope between groups.To conclude,the development of the lumbar spine in children with cerebral palsy is closely related to the development of the pelvic hip joint,and the most obvious relationship is between lumbar lordosis and hip dislocation.
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Objective To investigate the value of monocyte to lymphocyte ratio(MLR)and neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio(NPAR)in predicting diabetic macular edema(DME).Methods One hundred and one diabetic retinopathy patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2018 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into DME group(n=56)and non-DME group(n=45)based on fun-dus examination results.The general data such as gender,age,course of diabetes and laboratory indicators were collected by consulting medical records.Fasting elbow venous blood was collected early in the morning of the next day after the diagnosis of DME in both groups,the monocytes(MONO)count,lymphocyte(LYM)count,white blood cell(WBC)count,percentage of neutrophils(NEUT),plasma albumin(ALB),glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c)were measured by full automatic blood routine analyzer,and MLR,NPAR were calculated.General information and laboratory indexes of patients in the two groups were compared,and risk factors for DME were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression,and receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to evaluate the predictive value of MLR and NPAR for DME.Results The course of diabetes,MONO count,NEUT,MLR,NPAR,WBC count,and HbA1c level of patients between the DME group were significantly higher than those in the non-DME group(P＜0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,LYM count,and ALB level of patients between the two groups(P＞0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased levels of WBC,MLR,and NPAR were independent risk factors for the occurrence of DME(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that the best cut-off value of MLR was 0.192,and the area under the curve(AUC)for the prediction of DME was 0.729(95％confidence interval:0.631-0.826),with a sensitivity of 58.9％and a specificity of 82.2％;while the best cut-off value of NPAR was 1.404,and the AUC for predicting DME occurrence was 0.884(95％confidence interval:0.820-0.949),with a sensitivity of 75.0％and a specificity of 91.1％;the AUC of MLR and NPAP for predicting the occurrence of DME was 0.906(95％confidence interval:0.851-0.906),with a sensitivity of 69.6％and a specificity of 93.3％.With MLR＞0.192 as positive and NPAR＞1.404 as positive,the parallel test of MLR and NPAR predicted the occurrence of DME with a sensitivity of 87.5％,a specificity of 71.1％,and an accuracy of 80.2％;while the tandem test of MLR and NPAR predicted the occurrence of DME with a sensitivity of 46.4％,a specificity of 97.8％,and an accuracy of 69.3％.Conclusion Increased levels of MLR and NPAR are independent risk factors for the occurrence of DME and have certain predictive value for DME.The predictive value of combined MLR and NPAR test for DME is higher than that of separate test,and parallel experiment is more helpful for the early prediction of DME.
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ABSTRACT Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are associated with important changes in nutritional status. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare body fat composition between two anthropometric methods: skinfolds and ultrasonography, in patients with IBD. Methods: Single-center cross-sectional study with IBD patients in remission or active disease. For the agreement analysis between the body fat assessment methods, the Bland Altman method was used. Results: A total of 101 patients with IBD were included, 75 with Crohn's disease and 26 with ulcerative colitis. Approximately 56% of the patients with Crohn's disease and 65.4% of those with ulcerative colitis had a body fat composition above normal levels, with no significant difference between the diseases (P=0.63). The Bland-Altman concordance analysis showed that the methods for assessing the percentage of fat by the adipometer and ultrasound were not in full agreement (P=0.001), despite both presented good correlation (CC 0.961; P=0.000). Conclusion: The analysis of body fat percentage in patients with IBD was different between the skinfolds and ultrasound. Both methods can be used to assess the of body fat percentage of patients with IBD. However, monitoring of body fat sequentially and longitudinally should always be performed using the same method throughout the disease course. Prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to precisely define the role of these two methods of measuring body composition in patients with IBD.
RESUMO Contexto: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) estão associadas a alterações importantes no estado nutricional. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a composição da gordura corporal entre dois métodos antropométricos: dobras cutâneas e ultrassonografia, em pacientes com DII. Métodos: Estudo transversal de centro único com pacientes com DII em remissão ou doença ativa. Para a análise de concordância entre os métodos de avaliação da gordura corporal foi utilizado o método de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Foram incluídos 101 pacientes com DII, 75 com doença de Crohn e 26 com colite ulcerativa. Aproximadamente 56% dos pacientes com doença de Crohn e 65,4% daqueles com colite ulcerativa apresentaram composição de gordura corporal acima dos níveis normais, sem diferença significativa entre as doenças (P=0,63). A análise de concordância de Bland-Altman mostrou que os métodos de avaliação do percentual de gordura pelo adipômetro e ultrassonografia não foram totalmente concordantes (P=0,001), apesar de ambos apresentarem boa correlação (CC 0,961; P=0,000). Conclusão: A análise do percentual de gordura corporal em pacientes com DII foi diferente entre as dobras cutâneas e a ultrassonografia. Ambos os métodos podem ser usados para avaliar o percentual de gordura corporal de pacientes com DII. Entretanto, o monitoramento da gordura corporal de forma sequencial e longitudinal deve ser sempre realizado utilizando o mesmo método durante todo o curso da doença. Estudos longitudinais prospectivos são necessários para definir com precisão o papel desses dois métodos de medição da composição corporal em pacientes com DII.
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Resumen: Introducción: Uno de los factores que condiciona el peso corporal es la percepción de la imagen corporal. En estudiantes universitarios la ingesta de comida rápida puede generar dificultades en la autopercepción de la imagen corporal como lo son la subestimación o sobreestimación del estado nutricional, llegando a producir trastornos como anorexia, bulimia e intentos de suicidio. Objetivo: Comparar la autopercepción de la imagen corporal, insatisfacción corporal, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y porcentaje de grasa corporal entre mujeres y hombres de la Universidad Adventista de Chile. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo comparativo de diseño transversal, aplicado a 150 estudiantes regulares de la Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillán (UnACh). Se realizaron evaluaciones antropométricas (IMC y pliegues cutáneos), aplicación de Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) y Test de Modelo anatómico de Montero (MAM). Resultados: Entre los principales hallazgos se presentaron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres tanto en el BSQ como en el porcentaje de grasa, no así en el MAM y en el IMC donde no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: Las mujeres evaluadas poseen mayor insatisfacción corporal y porcentaje de grasa que los hombres universitarios; sin embargo, tanto hombres como mujeres poseen autopercepción corporal que se ajusta a su IMC, no habiendo diferencias significativas entre ambos sexos.
Abstract: Introduction: One of the factors that conditions body weight is the perception of body image. In university students, eating fast food can generate disorders in the self-perception of body image, such as underestimation or overestimation of nutritional status, leading to disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and suicide attempts. Objective: To compare the self-perception of body image, body dissatisfaction, body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat between women and men from the Chilean Adventist University. Material and methods: A comparative descriptive study of cross-sectional design applied to 150 regular students of the Adventist University of Chile, Chillán (UnACh). Anthropometric evaluations (BMI and skinfolds), application of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and the Montero Anatomical Model Test (MAM) were performed. Results: Among the main findings, there were differences between men and women both in the BSQ and in the fat percentage, but not in the MAM and in the BMI, where no significant differences were found. Conclusions: The women evaluated have higher body dissatisfaction and fat percentage than university men; however, both men and women have body self-perception that adjusts to their BMI, with no significant differences between the sexes.
Resumo: Introdução: Um dos fatores que condicionam o peso corporal é a percepção da imagem corporal. Em estudantes universitários, a ingestão de fast food pode gerar desordens na autopercepção da imagem corporal, como subestimação ou superestimação do estado nutricional, levando a desordens como anorexia, bulimia e tentativas de suicídio. Objetivo: Comparar a autopercepção da imagem corporal, insatisfação corporal, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e porcentagem de gordura corporal entre mulheres e homens na Universidade Adventista do Chile. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo comparativo do projeto transversal, aplicado a 150 estudantes regulares da Universidade Adventista do Chile, Chillán (UnACh). Avaliações antropométricas (IMC e pregas cutâneas), aplicação do Questionário de imagem orporal (BSQ) e Teste de Modelo Anatômico de Montero (MAM) foram realizados. Resultados: Entre as principais constatações estavam diferenças entre homens e mulheres tanto no BSQ quanto na porcentagem de gordura, mas não no MAM e IMC, onde não foram encontradas diferenças significativas. Conclusões: As mulheres avaliadas têm maior insatisfação corporal e maior percentual de gordura do que os homens universitários; no entanto, tanto homens como mulheres têm uma autopercepção corporal que se ajusta ao seu IMC, sem diferenças significativas entre os dois sexos.
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Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Étudiants/psychologie , Poids , Indice de masse corporelle , ChiliRÉSUMÉ
@#Children born with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are at high risk of disorders involving early speech production, and these problems can persist into later childhood, leading to the emergence of compensatory articulation errors. These difficulties in early vocalization directly impact the subsequent development of children's speech and vocabulary. Studies have shown that providing naturalistic interventions, such as milieu teaching and focused stimulation, for children with CLP in the first three years of life have positive impacts on the speech development of children, such as the potential to increase phonemic inventories and the percentage of correct consonants. In addition to speech and language therapists who perform systematic speech therapy, parents can be trained and supervised to deliver early speech intervention. The percentage of correct consonants can be used to assess outcome measures of speech intervention when combined with other measures, such as consonant inventory and speech intelligibility. However, much recent research in the field has focused on older children. Therefore, it must be determined if intervening during the early phase of typical speech development leads to better results. Future research should use more robust methodological designs to determine whether early speech intervention exhibits a positive impact on the speech and future physical and mental development of children with CLP.
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Background Welders in automobile manufacturers are prone to hand/wrist musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which seriously affect workers' physical and mental health. Objective To investigate the factors influencing hand/wrist MSDs of welders in an automobile factory and the population attributable risk percentage (PARP). Methods Five branches of an automobile factory were selected by convenient sampling method, and all qualified welders in the selected branches were enrolled as research participants. The Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information such as general characteristics of welders, presentation of MSDs in the wrists and hands, and selected ergonomic factors. Log-binomial model in the SAS program was used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) of each influencing factor and PARP. Results The prevalence rate of MSDs in the hands/wrists of welders in the automobile factory was 44.1% (345/782). The results of multiple analysis showed that female (PR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.10-1.44), being very tired after work (versus not tired, PR=2.22, 95%CI: 1.16-4.25), twisting wrists (PR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.19-1.74), insufficient operating space (PR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.07-1.40), and holding or pinching objects by hands (PR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.18-2.12) increased the risk of reporting hand/wrist MSDs symptoms. The PARP of major occupational risk factors was: holding or pinching objects by hands, 32.46%; twisting wrists, 21.50%; being very tired after work, 15.28%; and insufficient operating space, 8.18%. Conclusion The prevalence of MSDs symptoms in hands/wrists of welders in this automobile factory is high. Gender, holding or pinching objects by hands, twisting wrists, being very tired after work, and insufficient operating space are the factors affecting hand/wrist MSDs, among which holding or pinching objects by hands and twisting wrists are the priority intervention factors.
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Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive strength using the percentile of trans-isthmus conduction time during ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus(CTI)-independent typical atrial flutter for complete bidirectional conduction block.Methods This study was conducted with data from patients with typical atrial flutter(AF)who underwent ablation between February 2021 and February 2023(35 cases in the Beijing Anzhen Hospital,2 cases in the Children's Hospital of Hebei Province).Atrial flutter was induced during the operation,and linear ablation along the tricuspid valve ring to inferior vena cava was performed by anatomic ablation.The data collected were baseline clinical characteristics,Tachycardia Cycle Length(TCL),local conduction interval under coronary sinus pacing before ablation(P-ABL1),local conduction interval under coronary sinus pacing after ablation(P-ABL2).The percentage of P-ABL2 to TCL after ablation was calculated to evaluate the value of post-ablation local conduction interval percentage in the diagnosis of AF ablation endpoint,and its effectiveness was verified by the post-ablation activation sequence.Results All enrolled patients underwent ablation,and CTI was linearly blocked by parallel activation marker test.The TCL was(310.00±46.32)ms.The P-ABL1 was(92.16±27.65)ms and the P-ABL2 was(173.65±16.35)ms.Results significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.001).The percentage of P-ABL2 to TCL was(0.81±0.12).The percentage is close to 1,which is higher for evaluating the specificity and effectiveness of CTI bidirectional block.Conclusions The ablation endpoint of CTI block can be predicted by using the P-ABL1 before surgery,combined with the percentage of local conduction time after ablation.
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Objective To explore the value of amplitude integrated electroencephalogram(aEEG)combined with electroencephalogram monitoring α percentage variation(PAV)in evaluating the short-term prognosis of patients with severe acute cerebral infarction(SACI).Methods A total of 212 SACI patients hospitalized in our ICU from January 2020 to December 2022 were recruited and then divided into poor prognosis group(93 cases)and good prognosis group(119 cases)ac-cording to the mRS score at 90 d.The differences in aEEG and PAV were observed between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to observe the relationship of aEEG and PAV with poor prognosis.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the clinical value of aEEG and PAV in predicting the prognosis of SACI patients.Results The incidence of poor prognosis was 43.9％in 212 patients at the 90th day.The patients from the poor prognosis group had significantly higher aEEG score but lower PAV than those in the good prognosis group(P＜0.01).Multivari-ate logistic regression analysis showed that aEEG was a risk factor for poor prognosis(OR=1.403,95％CI:1.114-3.287,P=0.011),and PAV was a protective factor for poor prognosis(OR=0.714,95％CI:0.591-0.837,P=0.006).ROC curve results revealed that PAV had a high-er sensitivity,specificity and AUC value than aEEG in predicting poor prognosis of SACI pa-tients,and their combination obtained better sensitivity,specificity and AUC value than aEEG or PAV alone in the prediction(P＜0.01).Conclusion The combined use of aEEG and PAV has high clinical value in predicting the prognosis of SACI patients.
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Objective:To detect the incidence of muscle mass loss in the adults and explore its relevant influencing factors.Methods:A total of 1 503 participants aged between 18 and 65 years old were collected from the Department of Preventive Treatment of Disease and Health Management Center of First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2019 to October 2021. All subjects completed physical and laboratory examination and bioelectrical impedance analysis. According to the cutpoint of plasma triglycerides concentration≥1.7 mmol/L, waist circumference≥85 cm in men or≥80 cm in women, 1 503 subjects were divided into four groups: normal triglycerides and waist circumference group, normal waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia group, abdominal obesity and normal triglycerides group, and hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype(HTWC) group. Subjects were also divided into 4 groups according to age. Skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI) was calculated according to the skeletal muscle mass of the limbs. Differences of the ASMI and other relevant indicators among the above four groups were analyzed, and body composition was compared among four age groups. Then explore whether HTWC phenotype was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of sarcopenia in different age groups of different gender.Results:The level of triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in HTWC group were higher than those in the normal group(all P<0.001). But the incidence of the muscle mass loss in the HTWC group was much lower than that in the other three groups( P<0.001). The incidence of muscle mass loss in overall subjects was 9.2%, in which man was 2.05 times higher than women(12.9% vs 6.3%). There is no statistically significant difference in the incidence of muscle mass loss between the 18-35 age group and the 56-65 age group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index, body fat percentage, bone mineral content were independent factors affecting muscle loss in 18-45 year-old adults. After adjustment for other risk factors, HTWC phenotype was still not an independent influencing factor of sarcopenia( OR=1.679, 95% CI 0.523-5.386, P=0.384). Conclusion:HTWC phenotype was not an independent influencing factor of sarcopenia. To prevent the occurrence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and young adults, in addition to assessing the muscle mass, attention should also be given to the measurement of body mass index, bone mineral content, and body fat percentage.
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OBJECTIVE@#To measure the burden of hepatitis C-associated diseases in China from 1990 to 2019, and to predict its changes from 2020 to 2044, so as to provide insights into formulation of the targeted hepatitis C control strategy.@*METHODS@#The total burden due to hepatitis C-associated diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD 2019) data resources, and the trends in age-standardized prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of hepatitis C-associated acute hepatitis C (AHC), chronic liver diseases (CLD) and liver cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 were evaluated in China from 1990 to 2019 using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). In addition, the changes in the burden of hepatitis C-associated diseases were predicted in China from 2020 to 2044 using a Bayesian model.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence, incidence, mortality and DALY rate of hepatitis C-associated diseases all appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in China from 1990 to 2019 (EAPC = -2.64%, -2.24%, -3.81% and -3.90%, respectively); however, there was a minor rise in the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis C-associated diseases from 2015 to 2019. The overall prevalence of hepatitis C-associated diseases reduced from 2 152.7/105 in 1990 to 1 254.1/105 in 2019 in China, with a reduction of 41.7%. The overall incidence reduced from 87.9/105 in 1990 to 55.0/105 in 2019 in China, with a reduction of 37.4%, and the highest incidence was seen for AHC, followed by CLD and liver cancer. The overall mortality and DALY rate of hepatitis C-associated diseases was 4.0/105 and 100.8/105 in China from 1990 to 2019, with CLD showing the largest contributions to the gross mortality and DALY. The mortality and DALY rate of hepatitis C-associated diseases were 5.5/105 and 142.4/105 among men in China in 2019, which were both much higher than among women (2.8/105 and 60.3/105, respectively), and the overall prevalence (1 604.9/105), mortality (30.2/105) and DALYs (437.1/105) of hepatitis C-associated diseases were all highest among patients at ages of 70 years and older, and the highest incidence was seen among patients at ages of 0 to 9 years (167.3/105). The incidence of hepatitis C-associated diseases was predicted to rise in China from 2020 to 2044; however, the DALY rate was projected to appear a tendency towards a decline.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Although the burden of hepatitis C-associated diseases showed a tendency towards a decline in China from 1990 to 2019, the burden remained high, and was predicted to slightly rise from 2020 to 2044. High attention should be paid to screening of hepatitis C among infants and treatment among adults.
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Mâle , Adulte , Nourrisson , Humains , Femelle , Théorème de Bayes , Années de vie ajustées sur la qualité , Hépatite C/épidémiologie , Tumeurs du foie/épidémiologie , Chine/épidémiologie , IncidenceRÉSUMÉ
Objective To explore the effects of low centrifugal force on sperm morphology analysis of normal and non-liquefied semen samples.Methods A total of 169 patients who underwent semen routine examination and sperm morphology analysis at the Reproduc-tive Center of the 904th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected as the study subjects.Among them,126 were the patients with normal semen routine parameters,and 43 with non-liquefied semen.The mor-phological analysis results of 126 normal semen samples treated by the direct smear method and centrifugation methods under two differ-ent of low centrifugal force were compared.The results of morphological analysis for the 43 non-liquefied semen samples treated by the direct smear method after promoting liquefaction and centrifugation were compared.Results The percentage of normal morphological sperm[(9.39±0.50)％]obtained by centrifugation of 340xg centrifugal force for 10 min was significantly lower than that[(11.08± 0.41)％]obtained by the direct smear method,and the abnormal rate of sperm in the middle segment[(62.05±1.44)％]obtained by centrifugation of 340xg centrifugal force was significantly higher than that[(57.17±0.82)％]obtained by the direct smear method.The percentage of normal morphological sperm[(9.41±0.57)％]obtained by centrifugation at 151×g centrifugal force was significantly lower than that obtained by the direct smear method,and the abnormal rate of sperm in the middle segment[(60.95±1.17)％]ob-tained by centrifugation at 151×g centrifugal force was significantly higher than that obtained by the direct smear method.For non-lique-fied semen samples,the percentage of normal morphological sperm obtained by centrifugation at 340xg centrifugal force for 10 min was[(9.61±0.60)％],while that obtained by the direct smear method after promoting liquefaction was[(11.10±0.73)％].The difference was not statistically significant between the two methods.The abnormal rate of sperm in the middle segment[(60.21±1.51)％]ob-tained by the centrifugation method was also not significantly different from that[(57.36±1.34)％]obtained by the direct smear meth-od after promoting liquefaction.Conclusion Both kinds of low centrifugal force affected the sperm morphology.However,the low cen-trifugal force has no significant effect on the non-liquefied semen.In the clinical application of sperm morphology analysis,the nature of male semen should be referred to determine whether the centrifugation is need or not and the magnitude of centrifugal force.
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@#Introduction: Adolescence is one of the life stages that play a key role and is also affected by the epidemiology transition as the result of the development of the era. Consuming a lot of fast food and junk food nowadays causes adolescents, both girls and boys, to be subjected to nutritional problems such as the high body fat percentage. Adolescent boys even tend to be unaware of their health. This study aims to analyse nutritional factors which have an effect on body fat percentage in adolescent boys. Methods: This study was performed involving 1046 high school students in 5 Jakarta districts. Spearman’s correlation and multiple linear regression were used for the data analysis of this study. Results: The result shows that there was a relationship between BMI-for-age, energy and macronutrient intakes, and body fat percentage. Adolescents with excessive intakes got affected by their body fat percentage, although their BMI-for-age is normal. The result of multivariate analysis suggests that BMI-for-age had the most effect on body fat percentage. Conclusion: There needs to be a regular education for adolescent boys to be aware of their body fat percentage and other factors that have an effect on it.