Quackery and Superstitions: The Skin Doctor’s Bane

@#Camphor, a waxy white sublimable chemical, widely used worldwide by various communities for many religious purposes. Here we report a clinical image of self-inflicted injury from burning camphor on the palm resulting in burns. It also highlights the sociocultural pattern of this injury and need of psychopathic and therapeutic help of the patients.

Sebastian Kneipp and the Natural Cure Movement of Germany: Between Naturalism and Modern Medicine / 의사학

This study discusses the historical significance of the Natural Cure Movement of Germany, centering on the Kneipp Cure, a form of hydrotherapy practiced by Father Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897). The Kneipp Cure rested on five main tenets: hydrotherapy, exercise, nutrition, herbalism, and the balance of mind and body. This study illuminates the reception of the Kneipp Cure in the context of the trilateral relationship among the Kneipp Cure, the Natural Cure Movement in general, and modern medicine. The Natural Cure Movement was ideologically based on naturalism, criticizing industrialization and urbanization. There existed various theories and methods in it, yet they shared holism and vitalism as common factors. The Natural Cure Movement of Germany began in the early 19th century. During the late 19th century and the early 20th century, it became merged in the Lebensreformbewegung (life reform movement) which campaigned for temperance, anti-tobacco, and anti-vaccination. The core of the Natural Cure Movement was to advocate the world view that nature should be respected and to recognize the natural healing powers of sunlight, air, water, etc. Among varied natural therapies, hydrotherapy spread out through the activities of some medical doctors and amateur healers such as Johann Siegmund Hahn and Vincenz Prieβnitz. Later, the supporters of hydrotherapy gathered together under the German Society of Naturopathy. Sebastian Kneipp, one of the forefathers of hydrotherapy, is distinguished from other proponents of natural therapies in two aspects. First, he did not refuse to employ vaccination and medication. Second, he sought to be recognized by the medical world through cooperating with medical doctors who supported his treatment. As a result, the Kneipp cure was able to be gradually accepted into the medical world despite the “quackery” controversy between modern medicine and the Natural Cure Movement. Nowadays, the name of Sebastian Kneipp remains deeply engraved on the memories of German people through various Kneipp spa products, as well as his books such as My Water Cure and Thus Shalt Thou Live! Wörishofen, where Kneipp had served as catholic priest as well as hydrotherapist for 42 years from 1855, changed its name to “Bad Wörishofen” (“Wörishofen Spa” in German). The Kneipp Cure and the Natural Cure Movement became a source of ecologica l thought which is currently gaining more and more sympathy from German people. It is regarded as a lieu de mémoire (site of memory) reflecting the collective identity of German people.

Georges Borda y el primer tratado de hipnosis publicado en Buenos Aires (1886) / Georges Borda and the first hypnosis treatise published in Buenos Aires (1886)

En 1886 se imprimió en Buenos Aires un libro titulado Las maravillas del hipnotismo. Escrito por un francés llamado Georges Borda, el texto constituye la más temprana obra sobre hipnosis publicada en la ciudad. A medio camino entre el lenguaje de la medicina y el afán divulgador, esas páginas propiciaban una difusión de los hechos del hipnotismo entre el público letrado de la capital argentina. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los rasgos centrales de aquel libro, que hasta el presente no había retenido la atención de los historiadores. Además de rastrear sus planteos nucleares, el cometido es localizar la intervención de Borda en el contexto de la cultura científica de fines de siglo, poniendo especial énfasis en las tensiones y negociaciones que eran mantenidas entre la medicina porteña y otros actores profanos del escenario social.

In 1886, a book entitled "The wonders of hypnotism" was printed in Buenos Aires. Written by a french author called Georges Borda, the text constitutes the earliest piece about hypnosis published in the city. Halfway between the language of medicine and the spreader eagerness, those pages propitiated a diffusion of the hypnotism's facts among the qualified audience of Argentine's capital. The aim of this paper is to analyze the central features of this book, which up to the present had not caught the attention of historians. Besides tracking its nuclear statements, the task is to locate Borda's intervention in the context of the scientific culture of the end of the century, with particular emphasis on the tensions and negotiations held between the Buenos Aires' medicine and other lay actors of the social scene.

Growing quackery in dentistry: An indian perspective.

Dental disease restricts activities in school, work, and home and often significantly diminishes the quality of life for many children and adults, especially those who have low income or are uninsured. Though the overall dentist population ratio in India is 1:10,000, at present in rural India, one dentist is serving 2.5 lakhs of people. Only 15-20% of people in India are able to get dental services through national schemes, and 80-85% are spending money from their pockets, providing an ideal breeding ground for quackery into dental practice in India. Dental quacks cater to the lower-middle and lower socioeconomic classes that cannot afford qualified dental practitioners. A large number of people visiting these quacks seek care only when in pain, have a restricted budget, and are not very quality conscious. Dentistry has come a long way in the last one and a half century; today it is ranked as one of the most respected professions. It is incumbent upon dentists everywhere to protect this hard-earned reputation by weeding out quacks from among them. The government should urge fresh graduates to practice in rural areas and provide more incentives to them. Public health dentists should take the initiative of adopting more community-oriented oral health programs to increase the awareness among rural populations.

Panacéias disseminadas pela Internet e pacientes vulneráveis: como conter um mercado de ilusões? / Panaceas disseminated over the Internet and vulnerable patients: how to check a market of illusions?

O presente artigo discute a proliferação de curas e terapias fraudulentas que surgem e evanescem cotidianamente na Internet. A clientela dessas fraudes, vulnerabilizada pela doença e pela perspectiva da morte, utiliza a Internet para adquirir produtos que seriam possivelmente ignorados em outros contextos. Tal vulnerabilidade se liga a contingências físicas desgastantes que comprometem a capacidade de decisão. A tentativa de controlar o fenômeno das fraudes de forma estritamente racional, sem levar em conta a vulnerabilidade desse consumidor que pouco tem a perder e sem considerar suas demandas de integralidade, pode conduzir a resultados desapontadores, já que as panacéias parecem estar preenchendo os lapsos deixados por estruturas assistenciais que têm sido insensíveis à imaterialidade dos medos humanos.

This article discusses the proliferation of medical quackery and fraud appearing and disappearing daily on the Internet. The customers of these scams, made vulnerable by disease or the prospect of death, use the Internet to buy products that would probably be ignored in other contexts. This vulnerability is linked to strenuous physical demands that compromise the ability to make decisions. The attempt to control the phenomenon of fraud as strictly rational, without taking into account the vulnerability of consumers who have little to lose and not considering their demands for comprehensive care, can lead to disappointing results, since these nostrums seem to be filling the gaps left by health care structures that have been insensitive to the immaterial nature of human fears.