Application of filter membrane method and smear method in the evaluation of disinfection effect of flexible endoscope / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To compare the application value of filter membrane method and smear method on the evaluation of disinfection effect of flexible endoscope.Methods 242 flexible endoscopes after cleaning and disinfection from January 2022 to November 2022 were collected as the study subjects,and the disinfection effect of all endoscopes was tested by filter membrane method and smear method.The qualified rate,pathogen detection rate,colony detection and use cost of the two detection methods were compared.Results Among the 242 flexible endoscopes,the total qualified rate of filter membrane method was lower than that of smear method while the total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria and the number of bacterial colony were significantly higher than those of smear method(P<0.05).In the two evaluation methods,the colony count detected by gastroscopy was mainly≤100 cfu/n,and the colony count detected by enteroscopy was mainly≥100 cfu/n(P>0.05).The economic cost and time cost of filter membrane method were higher than those of smear method(P<0.05),and filter membrane method increased the annual depreciation cost of the suction filtration system of 976 yuan.Conclusion Compared with smear method,filter membrane method is more effective in evaluating the disinfection of flexible endoscope,but its economic cost and time cost are also higher.However,in order to build a green environment-friendly hospital,it is necessary to increase the investment of endoscopy center,thus it is recommended to apply filter membrane method.

Comparison of efficiency of Kato-Katz technique and PCR assay for detecting Clonorchis sinensis infection / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To compare the performance of modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (KK method) and PCR assay in field detection of Clonorchis sinensis in human fecal samples, which provides insight into the selection of tools for detecting C. sinensis. Methods Based on the epidemiological investigation of human C. sinensis infections in Tengxian County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2016, a total of 133 fecal samples were randomly selected and stored at -20 ℃. All fecal samples were detected for C. sinensis infection using KK method and PCR assay, and the detection rate was compared between the two techniques. In addition, Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency between the two methods. Results Among all fecal samples, the overall detection rate of C. sinensis was 77.44% (103/133), and the detection rate was significantly higher by PCR assay (70.68%, 93/133) than by KK method (57.14%, 76/133) (χ2 = 26.15, P < 0.01). There were 88.16% (67/76) of the microscopy-positive fecal samples positive for PCR assay, and 47.37% (27/57) of the microscopy-negative fecal samples positive for PCR assay. The detection rate of C. sinensis by PCR assay (94.74%, 18/19) was higher in fecal samples with EPG of > 1 000 than in samples with EPG of < 1 000 (85.96%, 49/57) (χ2 = 1.05, P = 0.436). The consistency of the detection rate of C. sinensis was moderate between the KK method and PCR assay (Kappa = 0.73). Conclusions The detection rate of C. sinensis by PCR assay is significantly higher than by KK method. In low-endemic areas of C. sinensis infections, the combination of KK method and PCR assay is suggested, so as to improve the detection rate.

Comparison of efficiency of Kato-Katz technique and PCR assay for detecting Clonorchis sinensis infection / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To compare the performance of modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (KK method) and PCR assay in field detection of Clonorchis sinensis in human fecal samples, which provides insight into the selection of tools for detecting C. sinensis. Methods Based on the epidemiological investigation of human C. sinensis infections in Tengxian County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2016, a total of 133 fecal samples were randomly selected and stored at -20 ℃. All fecal samples were detected for C. sinensis infection using KK method and PCR assay, and the detection rate was compared between the two techniques. In addition, Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency between the two methods. Results Among all fecal samples, the overall detection rate of C. sinensis was 77.44% (103/133), and the detection rate was significantly higher by PCR assay (70.68%, 93/133) than by KK method (57.14%, 76/133) (χ2 = 26.15, P < 0.01). There were 88.16% (67/76) of the microscopy-positive fecal samples positive for PCR assay, and 47.37% (27/57) of the microscopy-negative fecal samples positive for PCR assay. The detection rate of C. sinensis by PCR assay (94.74%, 18/19) was higher in fecal samples with EPG of > 1 000 than in samples with EPG of < 1 000 (85.96%, 49/57) (χ2 = 1.05, P = 0.436). The consistency of the detection rate of C. sinensis was moderate between the KK method and PCR assay (Kappa = 0.73). Conclusions The detection rate of C. sinensis by PCR assay is significantly higher than by KK method. In low-endemic areas of C. sinensis infections, the combination of KK method and PCR assay is suggested, so as to improve the detection rate.

Epidemiology related to soil-borne nematode disease in Danzhou city, Hainan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence,trend and related factors on soil-borne nematode in Danzhou city to provide information for prevention and control of the disease.Methods According to the guidelines set by the National National soil-borne nematode technical solutions,one village was randomly chosen from every township as the monitoring location,in the east,west,south and north parts of Danzhou city.A total of 200 residents aged 3 years and over were randomly selected in each monitoring site,with modified Kato thick smear and Cellophane tape anal swab used for microscopy.Results In this survey,we retrospectively analyzed the rates on soil borne nematode infection in five monitoring locations of Danzhou city and the results showed that the overall positive rates of infection was 19.5％ (195/1 000).Comparing with the previous surveys,rates on soil-borne parasites infection were decreasing.The main types of soil-borne nematode infection appeared as roundworm,whipworm,hookworm and pinworm in Danzhou city,with rate of hookworm-egg infection ranking the highest (42.5％,85/200) in Dacheng.The infection rate was seen significantly higher in females than males.People aged over 60 and between 3-10,had a higher rates of infection.Rate on multiple infections reached 16.9％,including 5 triple infection cases.Conclusion Rates of infection on soil-borne nematodes in Danzhou city showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2016 with hookworm and whipworm as the major ones.

Epidemiology related to soil-borne nematode disease in Danzhou city, Hainan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the prevalence, trend and related factors on soil-borne nematode in Danzhou city to provide information for prevention and control of the disease. Methods: According to the guidelines set by the National National soil-borne nematode technical solutions, one village was randomly chosen from every township as the monitoring location, in the east, west, south and north parts of Danzhou city. A total of 200 residents aged 3 years and over were randomly selected in each monitoring site, with modified Kato thick smear and Cellophane tape anal swab used for microscopy. Results: In this survey, we retrospectively analyzed the rates on soil borne nematode infection in five monitoring locations of Danzhou city and the results showed that the overall positive rates of infection was 19.5% (195/1 000). Comparing with the previous surveys, rates on soil-borne parasites infection were decreasing. The main types of soil-borne nematode infection appeared as roundworm, whipworm, hookworm and pinworm in Danzhou city, with rate of hookworm-egg infection ranking the highest (42.5%, 85/200) in Dacheng. The infection rate was seen significantly higher in females than males. People aged over 60 and between 3-10, had a higher rates of infection. Rate on multiple infections reached 16.9%, including 5 triple infection cases. Conclusion: Rates of infection on soil-borne nematodes in Danzhou city showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2016 with hookworm and whipworm as the major ones.

One case report of Ancylostoma duodenale parasitized in hepatic flexure of colon / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

This paper reports a case of Ancylostoma duodenale parasitized in the hepatic flexure of colon and the case was misdiagnosed at the beginning. The causes of misdiagnosis are analyzed and the laboratory examination methods of hookworm are summarized.

Diagnostic value of different detection methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from pulmonary tuberculosis patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of different detection methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:BALF from l00 patients in Changsha Central Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 was collected.Among 100 patients,65 cases were clinically diagnosed as tuberculosis,and 35 cases served as control.BALF smear method,polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and membrane reverse dot blot (RDB) were used for synchronous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results:The positive rates by BALF smear method,PCR and RDB were 43.08％,73.84％ and 92.31％,respectively (P＜0.05).Sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and negative predictive value for BALF smear were 43.08％,88.57％,59.00％,and 45.59％,respectively;for PCR were 73.85％,100％,83.00％,and 67.31％,respectively;for RDB were 92.31％,100.00％,95.00％,and 87.50％,respectively.Conclusion:The technique of membrane RDB can not only accurately diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis,but also can rapidly and easily identify the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to streptomycin (SM),rifampicin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) genotypes.It possesses high clinical value.

Diagnóstico intraoperatório de esquistossomose mansônica cerebelar pseudotumoral / Intraoperative diagnosis of pseudotumoral cerebellar neuroschistosomiasis

A esquistossomose é uma doença parasitária causada por vermes trematódios do gênero Schistosoma. Esses vermes habitam ramos da veia mesentérica inferior e, por meio da ovoposição, disseminam seus ovos por várias regiões do organismo humano. O sistema nervoso central (SNC) pode ser afetado no decorrer de qualquer forma clínica da infecção, principalmente pela embolização dos ovos ocorrida após a migração anômala dos vermes adultos para locais próximos ao tecido cerebral. No SNC, os ovos induzem reação granulomatosa periovular intensa, respondendo pela produção do efeito de massa com sinais neurológicos de aumento de pressão intracraniana. É relatado o caso de um homem de 27 anos cujo diagnóstico de esquistossomose mansônica cerebelar foi obtido pelo método de esmagamento linear (squash), durante o ato cirúrgico. Uma biópsia retal realizada posteriormente confirmou a presença de ovos viáveis de S. mansoni. No conhecimento dos autores, este é o primeiro relato de neuroesquistossomose diagnosticado por esta técnica.

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection caused by trematode platyhelminths of the genus Schistosoma. These worms live in branches of the inferior mesenteric vein and disseminate its eggs to several regions of the human organism through circulation. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement may occur in the development of any clinical infection, mainly by in-situ egg deposition following anomalous migration of adult worms to sites near the cerebral tissue. The presence of eggs in the CNS induces a severe periovular granulomatous reaction, which is responsible for the mass effect and the increased intracranial pressure. A case of cerebellar schistosomiasis caused by S. mansoni in a 27-year-old man is diagnosed by squash (smear) technique. A rectal biopsy performed later showed viable S. mansoni eggs. This is, probably, the first report of neuroschistosomiasis diagnosed by the squash (smear) technique.