Fractura esternal: descripción de tratamiento quirúrgico / Sternal fracture: surgical management description

Resumen Objetivo: Describir características demográficas y tratamiento quirúrgico realizado a pacientes con fractura de esternón (FE) en los últimos 5 años. Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes operados por fractura esternal entre enero de 2015 y enero de 2020. Se analizaron edad, sexo, antecedentes mórbidos, hemodinamia de ingreso, mecanismo causal, características de lesión esternal, lesiones asociadas, indicación quirúrgica y complicaciones. Resultados: Durante el período ingresaron a nuestro hospital 9 pacientes (7 hombres) de 21 a 91 años. Todos fueron operados. La mayoría ingresó con hemodinamia estable. El mecanismo fue siempre traumático. Las indicaciones quirúrgicas fueron: dolor intratable, alteración de la mecánica ventilatoria, tórax volante, deformidad y ayuda en la rehabilitación de un trauma raquimedular. Discusión: La FE es una patología infrecuente, siendo aún más escasa su resolución quirúrgica reportada a nivel mundial. Conclusiones: Presentamos el primer reporte de una serie de casos de FE operada en Chile. La osteosíntesis esternal permite el manejo de la FE con buenos resultados funcionales con baja tasa de morbilidad. Los resultados obtenidos son comparables a los observados en la literatura internacional.

Aim: To describe demographic characteristics and surgical treatment carried out on patients with a sternal fracture (SF) in the last 5 years. Materials and Method: Retrospective descriptive study of patients operated on for SF between January 2015 and January 2020. We analyzed age, sex, morbid history, hemodynamics on admission, causal mechanism and characteristics of sternal injury, associated injuries, surgical indication and complications. Results: During the period, 9 patients were admitted to our hospital (7 men) from 21 to 91 years old. All were operated. Most were admitted with stable hemodynamics. The mechanism was always traumatic. The surgical indications were: intractable pain, alteration of ventilatory mechanics, flail chest, deformity and aid in the rehabilitation of spinal cord trauma. Discussion: SF is an infrequent pathology, its surgical resolution reported worldwide being even scarce. Conclusions: We present the first report of a series of cases of SF operated in Chile. Sternal osteosynthesis allows the management of EF with good functional results with a low morbidity rate. The results obtained are comparable to those observed in the international literature.

Design and Clinical Application of Split Memory Alloy Sternum Plate / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The design and development of split memory alloy sternum bone plate are discussed, and the effect of split memory alloy sternum bone plate internal fixation in the treatment of sternal fractures are analysed.@*METHODS@#The structure of the product is designed according to the anatomy and physiological characteristics of human bones, and the cross section shape of the product is designed according to the cross section shape of human bones. Internal fixation is effective in the treatment of sternal fracture.@*RESULTS@#The split memory alloy sternal plate was successfully designed and developed, and all the patients with sternal fractures treated by internal fixation were clinically healed, the hospitalization and fracture healing time were significantly shortened, and no obvious complications occurred.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The application of split memory alloy sternal plate internal fixation in the treatment of sternal fracture has the advantages of small trauma, simple operation, safety, reliable fixation, good histocompatibility and less complications, and is conducive to promoting fracture healing and respiratory function improvement.

Fractura de esternón: presentación de un caso / Sternal fracture: case report

Resumen Introducción: En Cuba los reportes de series de fracturas de esternón son prácticamente nulos. Resulta de opinión unánime en la bibliografía consultada que esta es una entidad poco frecuente. Objetivo: Presentar un caso tratado pues a pesar de ser conocido, su incidencia es muy baja, y el escaso número de series estudiadas unido a la diversidad de las técnicas quirúrgicas propuestas dificultan la selección de una que ofrezca los mejores resultados. Método: Paciente femenina de 26 años de edad con antecedentes de esquizofrenia paranoide que saltó desde un puente de 10 m en un intento suicida. Por los antecedentes y la clínica se diagnosticó una fractura esternal simple desplazada y fracturas expuestas de ambos miembros inferiores. Decidimos intervenir quirúrgicamente de urgencia la fractura esternal. Realizamos reducción de la fractura y osteosíntesis con alambre quirúrgico n.o 5. La evolución fue satisfactoria hasta el egreso hospitalario. Conclusiones: Realizamos tratamiento quirúrgico como indicación de la deformidad torácica y la paciente evolucionó de forma favorable sin complicaciones a corto y a largo plazos.

Abstract Introduction: In Cuba the reports of sternal fractures series are practically null. It is the unanimous opinion in the consulted bibliography that this it is a not very frequent entity. Objective: To present a treated case that in spite of being known, their incidence is very low, and the scarce number of studied series together to the diversity of the techniques surgical proposals hinders the selection of one that offers the best results. Method: Female patient of 26 years of age with antecedents of paranoid schizophrenia that jumped from a bridge of 10 m in a suicidal intent. For the antecedents and the clinical was diagnosed a sternal fracture displaced simple and exposed fractures of both inferior members. We decided to intervene surgically of urgency the sternal fracture. We carried out reduction of the fracture and osteosynthesis with surgical wire No. 5. The progression was satisfactory till the hospital discharge. Conclusions: We carry out surgical treatment as indication of the thoracic deformity and the patient evolved in a favourable way without complications to short and long term.

Fractura de esternón por cornada de Buey / Sternal fracture caused by ox horns

Introducción: las fracturas de esternón son infrecuentes, por cuanto se reportan muy pocos casos en la bibliografía médica, lo que despierta gran interés conocer la conducta correcta que se debe seguir con estos enfermos. Objetivo: presentar un caso tratado y revisar la bibliografía acerca de la enfermedad. Métodos: se realizó una amplia revisión del tema y se presenta la descripción del diagnóstico y tratamiento del enfermo con una fractura esternal. Presentación del caso: paciente con fractura de esternón secundario a trauma torácico cerrado causado por cornada de buey. Luego de determinado el diagnóstico en un lapso de 4 horas se decidió la intervención quirúrgica de urgencia para realizar reducción de la fractura y osteosíntesis con alambre No 5 y lámina tubular de mediano fragmento No 20 con 6 tornillos. La ventilación mecánica como terapéutica complementaria se mantuvo durante el postoperatorio. La evolución fue satisfactoria hasta el egreso hospitalario y el enfermo permanece asintomático durante su seguimiento. Conclusiones: es factible la osteosíntesis en el esternón utilizando lámina y clavos, dando una estabilidad y consolidación del foco de fractura adecuado y sin secuelas(AU)

Introduction: sternal fractures are infrequent because they are reported in very few cases in medical literature, which arouses great interest of knowing the correct behavior to be adopted with these patients. Objective: to present a treated case and to review literature about this type of disease. Methods: an extensive literature review was made and the description of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with sternal fracture was presented. Case presentation: a patient with sternal fracture secondary to close chest trauma after the patient being gored in the thorax by an ox. After 4 hours of diagnosing process, it was decided to operate him to reduce fracture and to apply osteosynthesis with no 5 wire and no 20 medium fragment tubular plate with 6 screws. The mechanical ventilation was the supplementary therapy during the postoperative phase. The progression was satisfactory till the hospital discharge and the patient remained asymptomatic during the follow-up period. Conclusions: it is feasible to use osteosynthesis in the sternum by using plate and screws to give stability and consolidation of the fracture focus adequately without any sequelae(AU)

Effectiveness of chest orthosis in early treatment of chest trauma / 中国综合临床

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the chest orthosis on patients with multiple rib or(and) sternal fracture in early period of closed chest trauma.Methods Patients with multiple fractured of ribs or (and) sternal fracture were divided into control group (n =16)treated with the traditional fixation methods ( thoracic girdle added with folding towels) and experimental group ( n =30 ) treated with chest orthosis between January 2009 and December 2011.Correlated parameters of these patients in the two groups,including pain,indexes of blood gas analysis,pulmonary complications and hospitalization time were evaluated.Results There were significant differences on visual analogue scale(VAS) [ (4.45 ±2.23) vs (8.15 ±2.02),t =2.921,P ＜0.01 ],blood gas analysis including PaO2 [ 88.16 ± 9.12) mm Hg vs (77.22 ± 6.24 ) mm Hg,t =2.413,P ＜0.05] andPaCO2[ (40.91 ±3.40)mm Hg vs (46.06 ±5.40)mm Hg,t =2.335,P＜0.05] between experimental group and control group.The incidence rate of pulmonary complications in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group [ 17％ ( 5/30 ) vs 44％ ( 7/16 ),x2 =23.478,P ＜ 0.05 ].And hospitalization time in experimental group was significantly shorter compared with control group[ (7.26 ± 4.17) d vs ( 14.26 ±3.53)d,t =2.430,P ＜0.05].Conclusion The chest orthosis in early treatment of chest trauma can reduce the pain and improve the condition of patients,and it is a simple,effective and cheap method with significant clinical effect.

Delayed Hemothorax After Conservative Treatment of Sternal Fracture / General Medicine

Delayed hemothorax following blunt chest trauma is classified as a late presentation of hemothorax after a nearly normal chest X-ray on admission. Here, we present a case of delayed hemothorax 5 days after blunt chest trauma with ribs and sternal fracture.

A postmortem study of blunt cardiac injuries.

35 cases of blunt cardiac trauma following vehicular accidents brought for autopsy to the morgue of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal have been studied to find out types of cardiac injuries, their association with sternal and rib fractures, mechanism of causation, risk factors, etc. It was observed that 48.57% of the cases with blunt cardiac trauma had associated sternal and rib fractures. Maximum number (60%) of the cardiac rupture was seen in run-over cases. 40% of the cases had injury to the right ventricle. All the injuries were located on the anterior surface of the heart. In one (2.86%) case, laceration of the right atrium without any external injury of the chest region was observed. In assessing blunt cardiac trauma victims in vehicular accidents, knowledge about the commonest sites, types and degrees of injuries as has been highlighted in the present study will be of great help in a timely intervention.

Acute Mediastinal Tamponade Secondary to Blunt Chest Trauma: Case report

Sternal fractures are most common in drivers of motor vehicles whose anterior chest hits the steering wheel during sudden deceleration. Sternal fractures may result in mediastinal hematoma secondary to bone marrow oozing. The hematoma usually resolves itself without complications, so an anterior mediastinal hematoma causing tamponade is rarely reported. We describe a case of blunt chest trauma resulting in a sternal fracture with a resultant anterior mediastinal hematoma and mediastinal tamponade.

Diagnostic Value of Ultrasonography for the Assessment of Sternal Fractures

PURPOSE: This study compared the value of ultrasonography(US) in the diagnosis of sternal fractures with those of conventional radiography and bone scan. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From March 2000 to March 2001, in Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical College, 44 patients(22 women and 22 men, mean age 46 years, range 5~81 years) complained of tenderness in the sternal area. The cases histories of these patients with clinically suspected sternal fracture due to blunt trauma were prospectively studied. At the time of admission, conventional radiography(sternal view) was done. At one day after admission, sternal ultrasonography was obtained, and after 4~5 days, a bone scan was done. Sternal ultrasonographic findings, conventional radiographic findings, and bone-scan findings were compared. In addition, a 12-lead ECG was done. When it was necessary, cardiac enzyme was checked and echocardiography was performed. RESULT: In 21 of 44 patients(48%), a sternal fracture was found by sternal US. Only 9 of 21 patients (43%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by using conventional radiography. 23 of 44 patients (52%) have negative findings on sternal US; they also had negative findings on conventional radiography. Except for 7 unchecked patients, 13 of 21 patients(62%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by bone scan, and among the 23 patients who had negative findings on sternal US, the 19 patients checked with a bone scan also had negative findings. CONCLUSION: Sternal US can find sternal fractures that are difficult to find on conventional radiography. Compared with bone scan, sternal US takes a shorter time and sternal US is not difficult. Additionally, combined lesions with sternal fractures(peristernal hematoma, soft tissue swelling) and costal cartilage fractures are diagnosed more easily when using sternal US.