Arthroscopic treatment of scaphoid fracture nonunion with bone graft and Kirschner wire combined with screw fixation / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness of arthroscopic treatment of scaphoid fracture nonunion with bone graft and Kirschner wire combined with screw fixation.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 14 patients with scaphoid fracture nonunion who met the selection criteria between February 2021 and September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 1 female with an average age of 32 years ranging from 17 to 54 years. The time from injury to operation ranged from 6 to 15 months, with an average of 9.6 months. According to the Slade-Geissler classification of scaphoid fracture nonunion, there were 3 cases of grade Ⅲ, 8 cases of grade Ⅳ, and 3 cases of grade Ⅴ. The preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 5.9±1.0, and the modified Mayo wrist score was 53.2±9.1. There were 2 cases of scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse, both of which were stage Ⅰ. All patients were treated with arthroscopic bone graft and Kirschner wire combined with screw fixation, and the fracture healing was observed by X-ray film monthly after operation, and the effectiveness was evaluated by VAS score and modified Mayo wrist score before and after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up 6-14 months, with an average of 8.4 months. All fractures healed in 4-8 months, with an average of 6.3 months. The postoperative pain symptoms and wrist function of the patients significantly improved when compared with those before operation, and the VAS score at last follow-up was 2.4±1.3, and the modified Mayo wrist score was 87.1±6.7, which were significantly different from those before operation ( t=12.851, P<0.001; t=-14.410, P<0.001). According to the modified Mayo wrist evaluation, 9 cases were excellent, 3 cases were good, and 2 cases were fair.@*CONCLUSION@#Arthroscopic bone graft and Kirschner wire combined with screw fixation is an effective surgical method for the treatment of scaphoid fracture nonunion.

Artrodesis de cuatro esquinas: análisis comparativo de técnica abierta versus técnica percutánea con asistencia artroscópica / Four-corner arthrodesis: comparative analysis of open surgery versus percutaneous technique with arthroscopic assistance

INTRODUCCIÓN: La artrodesis de cuatro esquinas es una técnica de salvataje para los pacientes con artrosis avanzada del carpo. Los objetivos quirúrgicos son disminuir el dolor y mantener cierto movimiento de la muñeca. En el último tiempo, se han descrito técnicas percutáneas con asistencia artroscópica que han logrado resultados favorables, a pesar de que la técnica abierta sigue siendo el gold estándar para realizar esa técnica quirúrgica. OBJETIVO: Comparar resultados funcionales y radiológicos en pacientes con muñecas con colapso avanzado escafolunar (scapholunate advanced collapse, SLAC) o colapso avanzado en la pseudoartrosis del escafoides (scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse, SNAC) operados con técnica quirúrgica abierta versus técnica percutánea con asistencia artroscópica. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo tipo caso-control, de fichas clínicas e imagenología de pacientes con artrosis avanzada del carpo operados con técnica percutánea y asistencia artroscópica y cirugía abierta. Se estudian variables demográficas, dolor mediante la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), función en rangos de movilidad, tiempo de consolidación, y corrección del ángulo capitolunar. Se describe la técnica quirúrgica de la cirugía abierta y la cirugía percutánea con asistencia artroscópica. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 22 pacientes del sexo masculino con edad promedio de 32,5 años. Había 13 pacientes en el grupo de casos (técnica percutánea con asistencia artroscópica) y 9 pacientes en el grupo de controles (técnica abierta). El dolor en la EVA al momento del egreso hospitalario fue de 3 para los casos y de 5 para los controles (p » 0,008), y a los 30 días del postoperatorio, fue de 0 y 3 respectivamente (p » 0,00). Los rangos de extensión y flexión fueron de 52,6° y 38,7° para los casos y de 35,7° y 32,4° para los controles (p » 0,1119 y 0,0016, respectivamente). El ángulo capitolunar fue de 10° para los controles y de 5° para los casos (p » 0,0008). El tiempo de consolidación fue de 8,8 semanas para los casos y de 12,5 semanas para los controles (p » 0,039). DISCUSIÓN: Tanto la técnica percutánea con asistencia artroscópica cuanto la cirugía abierta para realizar una artrodesis de cuatro esquinas son técnicas reproducibles y efectivas en lograr consolidación, disminución del dolor, y mantenimiento de rangos de movimiento en la muñeca. CONCLUSIÓN: En el presente trabajo se demuestran mejores promedios de los parámetros evaluados con la técnica percutánea que con la cirugía abierta; sin embargo, es necesario realizar estudios prospectivos para realizar una recomendación con respecto a la técnica quirúrgica de elección.

INTRODUCTION: Four-corner arthrodesis is a salvage technique for patients with advanced carpal osteoarthritis. This procedure aims to reduce pain and preserve wrist motion. Even though percutaneous techniques with arthroscopic assistance reportedly have favorable outcomes and the advantages of minimal invasiveness, open surgery remains the gold standard for four-corner arthrodesis. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of patients with scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) or scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) submitted to open surgery versus percutaneous surgery with arthroscopic assistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective case-control study of clinical records and radiological images of patients with advanced carpal osteoarthritis submitted to percutaneous surgery with arthroscopic assistance versus open surgery. Demographic variables, pain score using the visual analog scale (VAS), function ranges of motion, time until consolidation, and correction of the capitolunate angle were analyzed. Both techniques are described. RESULTS: In total, 22 male patients with an average age of 32.5 years were studied, including 13 patients from the case group (percutaneous surgery with arthroscopic assistance) and 9 patients from the control group (open surgery). The VAS score for pain at discharge was of 3 for the cases and of 5 for the controls (p » 0.008); 30 days postoperatively, it was of 0 and 3 respectively (p » 0.00). The ranges of extension and flexion were of 52.6° and 38.7° for the case group, and of 35.7° and 32.4° for the control group (p » 0.119 and 0.0016 respectively). The capitolunate angle was of 10° for the controls and of 5° for the cases (p » 0.0008). The time until consolidation was of 8.8 weeks for the cases and of 12.5 weeks for the controls (p » 0.039). DISCUSSION: Both four-corner arthrodesis techniques are reproducible and effective in achieving consolidation, pain reduction and preservation of wrist motion. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the superiority of the percutaneous technique with arthroscopic assistance over open surgery. Further prospective studies are required for an adequate recommendation.

Research progress in the treatment of distal radius fractures assisted by wrist arthroscopy / 中国修复重建外科杂志

Objective: To review the research progress of wrist arthroscopy assisted treatment of distal radius fractures. Methods: To summarize and describe the anatomical characteristics and fracture classification of the distal radius, indications and contraindications of wrist arthroscopy-assisted treatment, surgical methods, and associated soft tissue injuries, and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the operation through a large number of literature at home and abroad on the treatment of distal radius fractures assisted by wrist arthroscopy. Results: Wrist arthroscopy as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of distal radius fractures, compared with traditional surgery, can accurately observe intra-articular damage and perform operations under the microscope to avoid secondary damage to blood vessels, nerve, and tendon, etc., and can achieve one-stage repair and reconstruction by repairing the ligament, trigonal fibrocartilage complex, and carpal dislocation. It has the advantages of less trauma, fast postoperative recovery, extensive indications, fewer complications, and satisfactory effectiveness. Conclusion: Wrist arthroscopy has advantages that traditional X-ray film, CT, MRI, and arthrography examinations do not have. Moreover, wrist arthroscopy has achieved satisfactory effectiveness in the adjuvant treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures.

Manejo artroscópico de pseudoartrosis de escafoides con deformidad en joroba: técnica quirúrgica y serie de casos / Arthroscopic treatment for scaphoid pseudarthrosis with humpback: surgical technique and case series

INTRODUCCIÓN: La pseudoartrosis de escafoides con deformidad en joroba es una patología compleja que si no recibe tratamiento oportuno puede llevar a una deformidad avanzada, con colapso del carpo produciendo un deterioro significativo en la función de la muñeca. En la actualidad se considera como tratamiento estándar la reducción abierta de la deformidad utilizando injerto estructural. El OBJETIVO del presente trabajo es describir una técnica de reducción artroscópica, utilizando injerto no estructural para la no-unión de escafoides con deformidad en joroba. Se muestran los resultados obtenidos en una serie de casos manejados con la técnica propuesta. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo de una serie de casos de pacientes diagnosticados con pseudoartrosis de escafoides con deformidad en joroba manejados con la técnica propuesta. Se describe la técnica quirúrgica. Se utiliza el programa STATA 15 para el análisis estadístico de los resultados, al igual que test de Wilcoxon para variables no paramétricas. RESULTADOS: Once pacientes de sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 23,4 años, completaron seguimiento promedio de 12 meses. En todos los pacientes se comprobó consolidación de la no-unión mediante Tomografía Computada en un tiempo promedio de 9,1 semanas. Todos los pacientes mejoraron sus rangos de movilidad y ángulos imagenológicos de manera significativa y mejoraron en la prueba funcional de DASH (p » 0.0033). DISCUSiÓN: Se muestra una técnica de reducción percutánea con asistencia artroscópica utilizando injerto no estructural para corregir la no-unión de escafoides con deformidad en joroba produciéndose buenos resultados clínicos con consolidación, en todos los pacientes de nuestra serie, similar a lo encontrado en la literatura internacional. Creemos que esa técnica permite una corrección parcial de la anatomía del carpo y favorece la consolidación ósea al tener las ventajas teóricas de una técnica mínimamente invasiva.

INTRODUCTION: Scaphoid pseudoartrosis with humpback deformity is a complex pathology that if not treated promptly can lead to an advanced deformity with collapse of the carpus producing a significant deterioration in wrist function. At present, open reduction of the deformity using structural bone graft is considered the gold standard of treatment. The AIM of the present study is to describe a surgical technique of percutaneous reduction with arthroscopic assistance using non-structural bone graft for scaphoid non-union with humpback deformity. We present a case series of patients treated with the proposed technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of a case series of patients diagnosed with scaphoid pseudarthrosis with humpback deformity treated with the proposed technique. We describe the surgical technique. We used STATA 15 for the statistical analysis and Wilcoxon test for non-parametric variables. RESULTS: 11 male patients, with an average age of 23.4 years, completed an average follow-up of 12 months. Bone healing was confirmed with Computed Tomography in an average time of 9.1 weeks in all of our patients. All patients improved their range of mobility and radiographic measurements significantly and all improved in the DASH functional test (p » 0.0033). DISCUSSION: We describe a technique of percutaneous reduction with arthroscopic assistance using non-structural graft to correct scaphoid non-union with humpback deformity. We found good clinical results and high union rate in all the patients of our series. Similar to what is found in international literature, we believe that this technique allows a partial correction of carpal anatomy and favors bone consolidation by having the advantages of a minimally invasive technique.

Application of wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet in wrist arthroscopy / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To explore the effectiveness of wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) in arthroscopy for diagnosis and treatment of wrist injuries and conditions.Methods Between January 2012 and January 2016,WALANT approach was used in wrist arthroscopy for 22 patients with wrist injury or condition at Department of Hand Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital.They were 10 males and 12 females,aged from 19 to 56 years(average,34 years).Arthroscopic exploration was conducted in 7 cases,arthroscopic synovectomy in 6,dorsal wrist ganglionectomy in 3,triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) debridement in 5 and TFCC repair in one.All the patients were anesthetized using portal site local anesthesia (PSLA) technique.Additional local infiltration around ulnar-sided wrist incisions was performed in 2 TFCC repairs.Bupivacaine was used for both techniques.The effects were evaluated using a ten-point visual analogue scale (VAS).Results Desired objectives were achieved in all patients.No operative complication was observed.Mild pain was noted in all the patients when local anesthetic was injected to the portal sites,with an average VAS score of 2.5 points (from 1 to 3 points).In the following arthroscopic procedures,most of the patients did not report any discomfort.Only one patient undergoing TFCC repair reported mild pain (VAS score of 3 points) during ulnar-carpal suture procedure.Conclusion The new WALANT technique is safe,time-saving,economical and capable of pain control during arthroscopy for numerous wrist injuries and conditions.

Fragmento dorso-ulnar en fracturas de radio distal: clasificación y manejo / Dorso-ulnar fragment in distal radius fractures: classification and treatment

INTRODUCCIÓN: El fragmento dorso-ulnar (FDU) en la fractura intraarticular de radio distal es de especial importancia puesto que implica una alteración en la articulación radio-carpiana así como también en la articulación radio-ulnar distal (RUD), donde la incongruencia articular permanente puede generar secuelas a largo plazo. OBJETIVO: Proponer una clasificación del FDU, definiendo cuándo realizar el procedimiento quirúrgico con asistencia artroscópica, basado en una serie consecutiva de casos operados de fractura del radio distal estudiados con tomografía computada (TC). MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo de una serie de casos de pacientes operados por fractura del radio distal entre enero del 2015 y diciembre del 2016. En base a eso, se elabora una clasificación del FDU y se sugiere un esquema de manejo específico. Se describe el FDU como aquel fragmento específico ubicado en la esquina dorso-ulnar de la carilla articular del radio distal, con compromiso de más del 30% de la superficie articular RUD y más de 5mm desde el borde ulnar hacia radial de la cortical dorsal del radio observado en el corte axial de la TC preoperatoria. Se considera un fragmento mayor (FM) cuando el rasgo de fractura compromete hacia radial hasta el tubérculo de Lister y se considera fragmento menor (Fm) cuando el rasgo no alcanza a comprometer el tubérculo de Lister. Nuestra propuesta de clasificación reconoce 4 tipos: tipo I (FM sin desplazamiento, en fracturas tipo C de la AO); tipo II (FM con desplazamiento, en fracturas tipo C de la AO); tipo III (Fm independiente del desplazamiento, en fracturas tipo C de la AO) y tipo IV (FM/Fm con desplazamiento, en fracturas tipo B2 de la AO). Esquema de manejo: Tipo I síntesis con placa bloqueada por abordaje palmar, sin obligación de asistencia artroscópica. Tipo II síntesis con placa bloqueada por abordaje palmar, con asistencia artroscópica requerida. Tipo III síntesis percutánea dorsal contornillo canulado, bajo asistencia artroscópica. Tipo IV síntesis dorsal con placa o tornillo mediante abordaje dorsal bajo visión directa o con asistencia artroscópica, usando portales artroscópicos volares. RESULTADOS: Se operaron 488 fracturas de radio distal durante el período mencionado; 375 fracturas clasificadas como tipo C de la AO. Del total operadas, solo 392 fracturas contaban con TC peroperatoria, que permitía evaluar la presencia del FDU, el cual estuvo presente en 127/392 de los casos (32,4%). Analizados por grupo, 38 casos presentaban fragmentos tipo I, 22 tipo II, 69 tipo III y 7 tipo IV. DISCUSIÓN: El FDU se presentó en un 32,4% de los casos evaluables por TC en nuestra serie. El manejo dirigido de este fragmento con asistencia artroscópica permitió una reducción anatómica con fijación estable específica de éste. CONCLUSIÓN: Proponemos una nueva clasificación del FDU basada en la TC preoperatoria que permite realizar un adecuado plan prequirurgico y abordar este fragmento de manera específica sugiriendo cuando utilizar asistencia artroscópica.

INTRODUCTION: The dorsal-ulnar fragment (DUF) in the distal radius fracture is of special importance since it implies an alteration in the radio-carpal joint as well as in the distal radio-ulnar joint (DRUJ), where permanent joint incongruence can generate long-term sequelae. OBJECTIVE: To propose a classification of the DUF, advising when to perform arthroscopic assistance, based on a consecutive series of operated cases of distal radius fracture studied with computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Descriptive study of a series of cases of patients operated of distal radius fracture between January 2015 and December 2016. We describe a classification of the DUF and suggest a specific treatment scheme. The DUF is described as that specific fragment located in the dorso-ulnar corner of the articular surface of the distal radius, which involves more than 30% of the articular surface of the DRUJ and more than 5mm of the ulnar edge of the dorsal cortex of the radius observed in the axial section of the preoperative CT. It is considered a major fragment (FM) when the fracture compromises the Lister tubercle and is considered a minor fragment (Fm) when it does not. Our classification recognizes 4 types of DUF: type I (FM without displacement, in type C fractures of the AO); Type II (FM with displacement, in type C fractures of the AO); Type III (Fm independent of displacement, in fractures type C of the AO) and type IV (FM/Fm with displacement, in fractures type B2 of the AO). Treatment scheme: Type I: synthesis with a palmar locked plate without arthroscopic assistance required. Type II: synthesis with palmar locked plate with arthroscopic assistance. Type III dorsal percutaneous synthesis with cannulated screw with arthroscopic assistance. Type IV dorsal synthesis with plate or screw by dorsal approach under direct vision or with arthroscopic assistance using volar portals. RESULTS: A total of 488 distal radius fractures were operated during this period. Only 392 fractures had preoperative CT, which allowed to evaluate the presence of the DUF. It was present in 127/392 of the cases (32.4%). Analyzed by group, 38 cases presented fragments type I, 22 cases type II, 69 cases type III and 7 cases type IV. DISCUSSION: The DUF was presented in 32.4% of the cases in our series. The management of this fragment with arthroscopic assistance allowed an anatomical reduction with specific stable fixation of this fragment. CONCLUSION: We propose a novel classification of the DUF based on preoperative CT that allows a specific management of this fragment and suggest when to use arthroscopic assistance.

Resultados de la reparación con sutura artroscópica de las lesiones periféricas cubitales del complejo fibrocartílago triangular (CFCT) (Palmer 1B/Atzei 1) / Arthroscopic repair of Palmer 1B triangular fibrocartilage complex tears

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las Lesiones del Complejo Fibrocartílago Triangular (CFCT) son causa común de dolor Ulnar en la muñeca, la artroscopia es el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las mismas. Realizamos un trabajo retrospectivo evaluando la función y resultados de los pacientes operados con técnica artroscópica con la lesión CFCT Palmer 1B/Atzei 1. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Evaluamos 24 pacientes con 25 lesiones de CFCT palmer 1B/Atzei 1. El 88% en edad laboral entre 19 a 57 años (34 años promedio) con un seguimiento promedio de 9 meses. Todas las lesiones fueron reparadas con técnicas artroscópicas y puntos de sutura adentro afuera y afuera adentro. Se evaluó el Rango de Movilidad (ROM), fuerza de agarre, escala de Mayo de Muñeca y escala de DASH. RESULTADOS: Hemos tenido mejoras en test del dolor y la fuerza, el ROM promedio fue 70° para la extensión, 85° de flexión, 20° para la desviación radial y 30° de desviación cubital. El Score de muñeca de mayo fue excelente en el 64%, Bueno en el 16%, Satisfactorio en el 20% y no hemos tenido malos resultados. Nuestro Dash Score pre operatorio fue de 86 puntos y en el Post operatorio de 13 puntos. El promedio de la fuerza comparativa contralateral fue del 70%. CONCLUSIÓN: La reparación artroscópica de las lesiones Palmer 1B/ Atzei 1 dan resultados satisfactorios mejorando los ROM, recuperando la fuerza de forma total o parcial y disminuyendo el dolor. Encontramos que el tiempo entre la cirugía y los resultados obtenidos influye en los resultados y cuanto mayor es el seguimiento mejor los resultados. Tipo de estudio: Serie de casos. Nivel de evidencia: IV.

OBJECTIVE: Lesions of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (CFCT) are a common cause of ulnar pain in the wrist; arthroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of them. We performed a retrospective study evaluating the function and results of patients operated with an arthroscopic technique with Palmer 1B / Atzei 1 lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated 24 patients with 25 CFCT lesions palmer 1B / Atzei 1. 88% of working age between 19 to 57 years old (average 34 years) with a follow-up of 9 months. All injuries were repaired with arthroscopic techniques and stitches inside and outside inside. The Mobility Range (ROM), grip strength, May Wrist score and the DASH Score were evaluated. RESULTS: We have had improvements in pain and strength tests, the average ROM was 70 ° for extension, 85 ° for flexion, 20° for radial deviation and 30 ° for ulnar deviation. The Wrist Score of May was excellent at 64%, Good at 16%, Satisfactory at 20% and we have not had bad results. Our preoperative Dash Score was 86 points and in the Post-operative of 13 points. The average of the contralateral comparative force was 70%. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic repair of the Palmer 1B / Atzei 1 lesions gives satisfactory results improving the ROM, recovering the strength totally or partially and decreasing the pain. We found that the time between surgery and the results obtained influences the results and the greater the follow-up the better the results. Type study: Number of cases. Level of evidence: IV.

Analysis of Results of Arthroscopic Repair of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC) Injury.

Background: Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears are a major source of ulnar-sided wrist pain and may result in patient disability, ranging from activities of daily living to high-level athletics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes in patients affected by TFCC lesion and in association with or without distal radio ulnar joint (DRUJ) instability after arthroscopic repair. Methods: Younger patients (50 years of age or younger), presented with mechanical symptoms at least 6 weeks of failed conservative treatment, a positive, fovea! tenderness test, were included in the study. Patients were excluded if they had ulnar impaction syndrome, arthritis of wrist joint or other wrist pathology on arthroscopic examination. Final results were evaluated after 1 year. Results: Forty-nine wrists in 48 patients had arthroscopy for a possibly repairable peripheral TFCC tear during the study period. Thirty four wrists in 34 patients remained after exclusions. The Mayo score from pre-operative value 46.9±10.4 was increased to 91.7±5.0 postoperatively. At final follow-up, 2 patients had fovea! tenderness, and no patients had a piano-key sign or caput ulna. Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair for traumatic TFCC fovea! tear can restore stability to the DRUJ and provide satisfactory subjective and objective results without serious complications after more than 12 months' follow-up.

TFCC Injury Associated with the Triquetral Dorsal Chip Fracture

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of wrist arthroscopic examination in patient with persistent pain after the triquetral dorsal chip fracture and also to determine its relationship with TFCC injury in the triquetral dorsal chip fracture patient manifesting persistent pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is based on six cases presenting persistent pain in the ulnar aspect after the triqeutral posterior cord fracture that were treated conservatively. Wrist arthroscopy was carried out for all six cases. All were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated using VAS pain scale, grip power, ulnar grind test, Kleinman shearing test and lunotriquetral ballottment test. RESULTS: Preoperatively, ulnar grind test yielded positive results in all six cases, Kleiman shearing test proved positive in three cases and lunotriquetral ballottment test yielded positive result in one case. In the arthroscopic findings, synovitis and TFCC injury were detected in all cases, and based on Palmer classification of TFCC injury, type IA was determined in five cases and type ID in one case. Arthroscopic TFCC partial resection and synovectomy were carried out. VAS pain scale improved from an average 8 points preoperatively to 3 points postoperatively. The difference of grip power between the normal and the other side improved from average of 15 lb preoperatively to 5 lb postoperatively. Based on postoperatively physical examination at 6 weeks, all cases yielded negative results in the ulnar grind test and Kleiman shearing test. CONCLUSION: We think that TFCC injury is one of the causes of persistent pain after triquetral dorsal chip fracture. We recommend an arthroscopic TFCC partial resection as a valuable treatment option.

Value of Post-arthrography Computed Tomography in Wrist Ligament Injuries / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of post-arthrography computed tomography in examining wrist ligament injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients who had a history and clinical findings suggestive of ligamentous injuries of the wrist were examined. Fourteen men and sixteen women (average age 35 years) were enrolled in this study. The evaluation concentrated on the detection and precise localization of the ligament lesions in the triangular fibrocartilage (TFC), the scapholunate ligament (SLL) and the lunotriquetral ligament (LTL). RESULTS: For TFC, SLL and LTL lesions, arthro-CT showed a sensitivity 96%, 90% and 85.7%, and a specificity 80%, 90% and 91.3%, and an accuracy 93.3%, 90% and 93.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Arthro-CT may be a useful imaging method for evaluating intra-articular ligament injuries of the wrist.

Arthroscopic assessment of soft tissue injuries in comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal radius / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To diagnose and evaluate soft tissue injuries in intra-articular fractures of the distal radius using arthroscopy. Methods Twenty young patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of distal radius were recruited in this prospective study. Three AO C2 and 17 C3 fractures were included. After arthroscopic examination fractures of distal radius were treated by external fixation with limited internal fixation or open plate fixation.Results Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury was found in 18 patients (90%) . Most were isolated Palmer type 1D injuries (67 %). Scapho-lunate ligament injury was found in two patients: one partial tear (grade Ⅱ) and one complete tear (grade Ⅲ). Follow-ups ranged from 6 to 18 months. At the last follow-up, wrist function was excellent in one patient (6%), good in eight(44%) and fair in 11 (50%). Conclusion TFCC injuries are common in intra-articular fractures of the distal radius while injuries to scapho-luuate ligament are uncommon.

Artroscopia de muñeca en lesiones ulnares del fibrocartilago triangular / Arthroscopic repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex tears

The purpose of this study is to report the functional outcome of patients with an arthroscopic repair of ulnar tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex, of the wrist. 12 patients operated with a standard surgical and anesthetic technique were included in the study, with a follow up of 3.8 years. The modified Mayo wrist score was used to evaluate the results. The data was analyzed by a specialist. Average surgical time was 42.6 minutes. Average time to surgery was 3.6 months. Time to return to work was 4 months in average. The average Mayo pre-operative score was 62.5 and it improved to 89.5 points in the post-operative, being significantly lower in females than in males. No relation was found between re-operative score and time to return to work, nor between surgical time and pot-operative score. There is a direct relation however, between time to surgery and post-operative score.

El propósito de este estudio es determinar los resultados funcionales del tratamiento artroscópico de lesiones del fibrocartílago triangular. Se incluyeron 12 pacientes con diagnóstico de rotura traumática del borde lunar del fibrocartílago triangular, operados con técnica artroscópica y anestésica estandarizada, con un seguimiento promedio de 3,8 años. Para evaluar los resultados se utilizó la escala de Mayo modificada. Se consignaron: puntuación pre y post-operatorio, tiempo quirúrgico (promedio 42,6 min), tiempo entre lesión y operación (promedio 3,6 meses) y el tiempo al alta laboral (promedio 4 meses). La puntuación de Mayo modificada promedio pre-operatorio fue de 62,5 puntos y aumentó a un promedio de 89,5 puntos luego de la operación, siendo inferior en mujeres que en hombres. No se encontró correlación entre puntuación pre-operatorio y tiempo al alta laboral, ni entre tiempo quirúrgico y puntuación post-operatorio. Si se encontró correlación entre tiempo entre lesión - operación con puntuación de Mayo modificada post -operatorio.