Comparison of Epsilometer test and agar dilution method in detecting the sensitivity of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#Agar dilution method (ADM) was used as the golden standard to evaluate the consistency of Epsilometer test (E-test) in detecting the sensitivity of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to metronidazole.@*METHODS@#From August 2018 to July 2020, patients with H. pylori infection treated for the first time in Peking University Third Hospital for gastroscopy due to dyspepsia were included in this study. Gastric mucosas were taken from the patients with H. pylori infection. H. pylori culture was performed. Both the ADM and E-test were applied to the antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori to metro-nidazole, and the consistency and correlation between the two methods were validated.@*RESULTS@#In the study, 105 clinical isolates of H. pylori were successfully cultured, and the minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 8 mg/L was defined as drug resistance. Both ADM and the E-test showed high resistance rates to metronidazole, 64.8% and 62.9%, respectively. Among them, 66 drug-resistant strains were detected by ADM and E-test, and 37 were sensitive strains, so the consistency rate was 98.1%. Two strains were evaluated as drug resistance by ADM, but sensitive by the E-test, with a very major error rate of 1.9%. There was zero strain sensitive according to ADM but assessed as resistant by the E-test, so the major error rate was 0%. Taking ADM as the gold standard, the sensitivity of E-test in the detection of metronidazole susceptibility was 97.1% (95%CI: 0.888-0.995), and the specificity was 100% (95%CI: 0.883-1.000). Cohen's kappa analysis showed substantial agreement, and kappa coefficient was 0.959 (95%CI: 0.902-1.016, P < 0.001). Spearmans correlation analysis confirmed this correlation was significant (r=0.807, P < 0.001). The consistency evaluation of Bland-Altman method indicated that it was good, and there was no measured value outside the consistency interval. In this study, cost analysis, including materials and labor, showed a 32.2% higher cost per analyte for ADM as compared with the E-test (356.6 yuan vs. 269.8 yuan).@*CONCLUSION@#The susceptibility test of H. pylori to metronidazole by E-test presents better agreement with ADM. Because it is less expensive, less labor intensive, and more rapid, it is an easy and reliable method for H. pylori susceptibility testing.

Efeitos do agarol e do trigliceril sobre a cicatrizaçäo de pele: estudo experimental em ratos / Effects of agarol and trigliceril; on cutaneous wound healing: experimental study in rats

Desde os mais remotos tempos pesquisam-se incessantemente drogas que acelerem o processo cicatricial normal. No Hospital de Clínicas de UFPr preconiza-se a limpeza de feridas limpas com soluçao salina de NaCl a 0,9 por cento. Alguns serviços têm utilizado empiricamente o Agarolr e o Triglicerilr na confecçao do curativo após este procedimento. Este estudo objetivou avaliar experimentalmente a evoluçao de feridas cutâneas, em ratos, produzidas por incisao cirúrgica tratadas com soluçao de NaCl a 0,9 por cento, Agarolr e Triglicerilr. Utilizou-se 24 ratos, divididos em três grupos: C, controle, submetido à troca diária de curativo após limpeza com soluçao de NaCl a 0,9 por cento; grupo A com aplicaçao de Agarolr e grupo T com aplicaçao de Triglicerilr. Verificou-se que no terceiro e décimo quarto dias de pós-operatório o Agarolr e o Triglicerilr nao influenciaram o processo cicatricial. No sétimo dia de pós-operatório verificou-se houve aumento da quantidade de tecido de granulaçao nos grupos tratados com Agarolr e diminuiçao da neovascularizaçao no grupo Triglicerilr.

Estudo comparativo do ágar com a soluçäo salina isotônica no tratamento de feridas infectadas, em cobaias / A comparative study using agar and isotonic saline solution in the treatment of infected wounds, in guinea pigs

Recentemente os hidrogéis tem sido investigados no sentido de manterem a umidade das feridas e assim facilitarem a cicatrizaçäo. Este estudo tem por objetivo comparar, macroscópica e bacteriologicamente, os efeitos do ágar com os da soluçäo salina isotônica em feridas infectadas. Foram utilizadas 32 cobais. As bactérias usadas foram Staphylococcus aureus. Foi realizada a incisäo com 2 cm de extensäo e 1 cm de profundidade. Foi inoculado 1 ml da soluçäo no tecido subcutâneo, e 1 ml na regiäo central da mesma, foi imediatamente suturada com pontos de "Prolene 2-0". No 5§ dia, os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos. Concluiu-se que em cobaia, a cicatrizaçäo de feridas infectadas com Staphylococcus aureus e tratadas com Agarol, processou-se, mais eficientemente do que as tratadas com soluçäo salina Isotônica

Agar dilution method for susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

The antibiotic susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates obtained from patients attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Tucuman, Argentina, were determined by the agar dilution method (MIC). 3.5 per cent of the isolates produced ß-lactamase. A total of 96.5 per cent of ß-lactamase negative isolates tested were susceptible to penicilin (MICó2 µgml-1); 14.03 per cent of the tested isolates were resistant to tetracycline (MICó 2 µgml-1), and 98 per cent of the tested isolates were susceptible to spectinomycin (MICó 64 µgml-1). The MICs for 95 per cent of the isolates, tested for other drugs were: ó µgml-1 for cefoxitin, ó0.06 µgml-1 for cefotaxime, ó0.25 µgml-1 for norfloxacin, ó 10 µgml-1 for cephaloridine, ó 10 µgml-1 for cephalexin and ó50 µgml-1 for kanamycin. Antibiotic resistance among N.gonorrhoeae isolates from Tucuman, Argentina, appeared to be primarily limited to penicilin and tetracycline, which has been a general use against gonorrhoeae in Tucuman since 1960. Periodic monitoring of the underlying susceptibility profiles of the N.gonorrhoeae strains prevalent in areas of frequent transmission may provide clues regarding treatment options and emerging of drug resistance.