Síndrome de Ekbom secundária a transtorno orgânico: relato de três casos / Secondary Ekbom Syndrome to organic disorder: report of three cases

A Síndrome de Ekbom, também conhecida como delírio de parasitose ou acarofobia, é um estado fóbico obsessivo no qual o paciente pensa, imagina ou acredita que está infestado por parasitas na pele. Em estado alucinatório, retira fragmentos de pele, identificando-os como parasitas. Pode tratar-se de um quadro psiquiátrico primário ou secundário a outros transtornos orgânicos. Geralmente, esses pacientes demoram a procurar ajuda médica, e o dermatologista, quase sempre, é o primeiro profissional procurado. Descrevemos o caso de três pacientes dos quais apresentaram delírio de parasitose, associados a transtornos orgânicos.

The Ekbom syndrome, also known as delusion of parasitosis or acarophobia is an obsessive phobic state in which the patient thinks, imagines or believes that his or her skin is infested by parasites. In the hallucinatory state, he/she removes parts of the skin, identifying them as parasites. It can be primary or secondary to other organic or psychiatric diseases. Generally speaking these patients take a long time to seek for medical support and the dermatologist is almost always the first physician to see them. Here we describe three patients with delusional parasitosis associated with organic disorders.

Delusional parasitosis--study of 3 cases.

Delusional disorder-somatic (parasitosis) type is a rare psychiatric disorder which poses a challenge to diagnostic and therapeutic skills. Pimozide, a highly specific dopamine blocker has shown promising results in the 3 cases illustrated here. These cases were seen over a period of 3 years. All the three patients believed that an insect has entered through the ear and is burrowing tracts/laying multiple eggs. They approached the ENT surgeons or neurosurgeon with a fear that their brain will be invaded. On psychiatric evaluation, no past or present history of major psychiatric illness was found. Premorbid personalities were well adjusted. Only for two patients, acute moderate stressors were detected. Delusions disappeared by the end of 2 wks but therapy was continued for 5 months.

Delusion of parasitosis: a report of ten cases at Srinagarind Hospital.

Ten patients with delusion of parasitosis who attended the psychiatric service at Srinagarind Hospital from August 1st 1981 to May 31st 1988 were analysed and discussed. Males and females were equally affected. Their ages were between early adulthood and late adulthood. Most of them were or had been married and were economically independent. Their symptoms appeared chronic and they tended to refuse psychiatric treatment. The dermatologist and general practitioner from whom the patients are most likely to seek treatment are reasonable to treat these patients. Haloperidol, a widely available neuroleptic, seems to relieve the symptom, enabling the patient to live comfortably.