Manejo conservador e intervención mínima en pacientes con dientes natales y neonatales: reporte de cuatro casos / Manejo conservador e intervenção mínima em pacientes com dentes natais e neonatais: Relato de quatro casos / Conservative management and minimal intervention in patients with natal and neonatal teeth: Report of four cases

Los dientes natales y neonatales están presentes al momento del nacimiento o en el primer mes de vida respectivamente. Son observados más frecuentemente en los incisivos centrales inferiores, y la mayoría de los casos estos dientes representan los dientes primarios. Las características clínicas, posibles complicaciones y el curso clínico son parámetros a considerar para un adecuado manejo. Sin embargo diferentes reportes afirman que pueden ocurrir complicaciones después de realizar la extracción en recién nacidos. A la fecha, no se han documentado reportes de casos en la literatura describiendo complicaciones en los dientes que se conservan como lo es la aspiración de los dientes. El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar cuatro casos, tres de los cuales fueron tratados con un manejo conservador. Considerando que la prevalencia ha incrementado progresivamente en los últimos años, neonatologos y odontopediatras deben hacer un diagnóstico temprano y ofrecer un adecuado tratamiento, brindando un bienestar general y oral en cada paciente. El éxito del tratamiento depende de un seguimiento periódico.

Os dentes natais e neonatais estão presentes no nascimento ou no primeiro mês de vida, respectivamente. Eles são vistos com mais frequência nos incisivos centrais inferiores e, na maioria dos casos, esses dentes representam os dentes decíduos. As características clínicas, as possíveis complicações e o curso clínico são parâmetros a serem considerados para um manejo adequado. Porém, diferentes relatos afirmam que complicações podem ocorrer após a realização da extração em recém-nascidos. Até o momento, não há relatos de casos documentados na literatura descrevendo complicações em dentes preservados, como aspiração dentária. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar quatro casos, três dos quais foram tratados com conduta conservadora. Considerando que a prevalência tem aumentado progressivamente nos últimos anos, os neonatologistas e odontopediatras devem fazer o diagnóstico precoce e oferecer tratamento adequado, proporcionando bem-estar geral e bucal a cada paciente. O sucesso do tratamento depende de monitoramento regular.

Natal and neonatal teeth are present at birth or in the first month of life. They are observed more frequently in the mandibular central incisors, and in most cases, these teeth represent the true primary teeth. Clinical characteristics, possible complications and the clinical course are parameters to consider for proper management. Nevertheless, different reports argue that complications may occur after extraction in newborns. To date, there are no documented cases reported in the literature describing complications in retained teeth, such as aspiration of a tooth. The objective of the present study is to introduce four cases, three of which were treated with conservative management. Considering that the prevalence has increased progressively in recent years, neonatologists and pediatric dentists must make an early diagnosis and offer adequate treatment, providing general and oral wellness for each patient. The success of the treatment depends on periodic follow-up.

Effectiveness of an Oral Health Education Program to Improve Mothers Awareness of Natal Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an oral health talk aided by a video on improving the awareness of mothers about natal teeth in two rural communities in southwest Nigeria. Material and Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted among 80 mothers in two rural communities in Nigeria, randomized into study and control groups. Baseline information was obtained with a pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. The mothers in the study group participated in an oral health education program comprising of a video show on natal teeth in addition to an oral health talk. The control group did not receive any intervention. Post-intervention data was obtained three weeks afterwards. Data collected was analyzed with SPSS using paired t-test, independent t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The sociodemographic characteristics of participants in both groups were similar. The mean knowledge, attitude and practice percentage scores for the study group were 38.9 ± 26.3% (pre-intervention) and 73.6 ± 26.2% (post-intervention); while for the control group, the values were 43.2 ± 31.4% (pre-intervention) and 43.9 ± 32.4% (post-intervention). The study group, had a 34% increase in knowledge, attitude and practice percentage score (CI=23.7-45.5; t=6.4; p<0.001), while the control group, had an increase of 0.7% (CI=-0.7-2.2; t=1.00; p=0.323). Conclusion: An oral health education program comprising of oral health talk and a video about natal teeth improved the awareness of mothers about natal teeth as a normal phenomenon.

Superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in rural area of Ferlo in Senegal

Teeth are physiological phenomenon that appears in child and who begins around 6 to 8 months after birth. The aim of this work was to study superstitious knowledge of the phenomena of teeth eruption in the mothers peulhs of Ferlo in Senegal. The research method was a descriptive and qualitative study; comprising questioning the mothers of children in the phase of active teeth eruption by structured, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Information collected were related to the signs and symptoms of teeth, the superstitions associated with the dental age of eruption, the first type of tooth on the arcade, the rhizalyse and the practices of oral hygiene in the child. Data were analysed manually and presented in framed and of verbatims. From the findings, it is seen that fever, the diarrhoea, the vomiting and the dribbles constituted the principal signs. The native or neonatal tooth and the use of the stick rub-tooth to clean the teeth in the evening and the phenomenon of rhizalyse were related to superstitious interpretations. Programs of information and communication would make it possible to better sensitize the populations to optimize the good practices in the children in active phase of teeth eruption

Dents natales, stigmatisation et prise en charge à Cotonou

Des études récentes ont montré que l'élévation des aminotransferases et l'infection par Helicobacter pylori aggravaient l'évolution de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite B chez les porteurs chroniques. Le but de la présente étude était de rapporter les facteurs associés à une élévation des ALAT chez des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique par le VHB. PATIENTS ET METHODES : Cette étude transversale était menée de mai à aout 2017 dans la clinique Universitaire d'Hépato gastroentérologie du CNHU de Cotonou (Benin). Etaient inclus tous les patients porteurs chroniques d'Ag HBs reçus en consultation au cours de cette période. Tous les patients inclus avaient un examen physique, une exploration fonctionnelle hépatique, incluant les ALAT (N<40UI/L), la recherche de l'antigène de l'Helicobacter pylori dans les selles et la détermination de l'ADN du VHB par PCR. RESULTATS : Sur les 121 patients porteurs chroniques d'Ag HBs (M/F 84/37, sex ratio 2.11, âge moyen 42. 3±11.6 ans [18-74], 70 (57.9%) étaient infectés par Helicobacter pylori. La valeur moyenne des ALAT (en UI/L) était de 70.7 ± 99.9 [13 - 665]. Etaient associés à une élévation des Amino transférases, la présence d'une infection par Hp (89.1 ± 15.3) vs (43.48 ± 5), p = 0.01, l'âge (entre 20 et 60 ans vs âge <20 ans ou >60 ans (p=0.000). N'étaient pas statiquement associés, le sexe, l'indice de masse corporelle p=(0.12), la consommation d'alcool (p = 0, 81), ni le niveau de la charge virale ADNVHB (p=0.07). CONCLUSION : L'infection par Hp et l'âge sont des facteurs indépendants d'élévation des ALAT chez ces porteurs chroniques de l'Ag HBs. Une recherche systématique d'infection par Hp et son éradication devraient être indiquées avant le traitement éventuel de l'hépatite chronique B

Dientes natales asociados con enfermedad de Riga-Fede: actualización literaria a propósito de un caso / Riga-Fede disease associated with natal teeth: review of the literature a propos of a case

El italiano Antonio Riga describe una lesión ulcerativa en el vientre lingual relacionada con traumatismo crónico por los órganos dentales de erupción atípica prematura, no fue hasta que el italiano Francesco Saverio Fede, en 1890 realizó la primera publicación de la entidad patológica. En 2002, la Sociedad Argentina de Dermatología incluyó la úlcera eosinófila de la mucosa oral dentro de la clasificación de Fitzpatrick. La presencia de los dientes neonatales y natales se origina por una alteración en conjunto de los cromosomas 4, 5 y 14 (AU)

The Italian Antonio Riga describes an ulcerative injury in the lingual belly related to chronic traumatism by the dental organs of a premature atypical eruption, it was not until the Italian Francesco Saverio Fede, in 1890, made the first publication of the pathological entity. In 2002, the Argentinean Society of Dermatology included the eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucous within the classification of Fitzpatrick. The presence of the neonatal and natal teeth is caused by a combined alteration of chromosomes 4, 5 and 14 (AU)

Characteristics of human natal stem cells cultured in allogeneic medium

Abstract Recently, human natal dental pulp stem cells (hNDP-SCs) have been characterized in vitro and it has been shown that they satisfy criteria defining human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), as proposed by the International Society for Cellular Therapy. However, these results were reached in the presence of xenogeneic expansion medium, which has the potential to alter the cells' functional capacity. To determine the validity of the previously reported hNDP-SCs characteristics for human cell therapy, we have cultured hNDP-SCs in allogeneic expansion medium. Two hNDP-SC lineages were isolated from vital natal teeth, donated by a healthy newborn female and cultured in 2% platelet rich plasma (PRP). Analysis of the phenotypic expressions, proliferation rates, viability, telomerase length and in vitro adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potentials of two hNDP-SCs lineages (Zn001 and Zn002) were performed. Both lineages displayed similar morphology, proliferation rates, adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential. Telomere shortening by 41.0% and 13.49% occurred from 3rd till 14th passage for lineages Zn001 and Zn002 respectively. Viability of both lineages was higher than 90%. Flow cytometry demonstrated that both lineages were positive to the majority of tested markers, including markers, which were negatively, expressed when hNDP-SCs were cultured previously in xenogeneic medium. Using immune-cytochemistry the cells were shown to express beta III-tubulin, nestin, neurofilaments and Nanog. PRP used as allogeneic medium is suitable for cultivation of hNDP-SCs.

Resumo Recentemente, células-tronco da polpa dental humana (hNDP-SCs) foram caracterizadas in vitro e foi demonstrado que elas satisfazem critérios que definem células mesenquimais do estroma humana (MSCs), tal como proposto pela Sociedade Internacional para Terapia Celular. No entanto, esses resultados foram alcançados na presença de meio de expansão xenogênico, que tem o potencial de alterar a capacidade funcional das células. Para determinar a validade das características das hNDP-SCs anteriormente relatadas para a terapia celular humana, cultivamos hNDP-SCs em meio de expansão alogênico. Duas linhagens hNDP-SC foram isoladas de dentes natais vitais, doadas por uma recém-nascida saudável, e cultivadas em plasma rico em plaquetas a 2% (PRP). Análises das expressões fenotípicas, taxas de proliferação, viabilidade, comprimento de telomerase e potenciais de diferenciação adipogênica, osteogênica e condrogênica in vitro das duas linhagens hNDP-SC (Zn001 e Zn002) foram realizadas. Ambas as linhagens apresentaram morfologia, taxas de proliferação, potencial de diferenciação adipogênico, condrogênico e osteogênico semelhantes. O encurtamento dos telômeros em 41,0% e 13,49% ocorreu da 3ª até a 14ª passagem para as linhagens Zn001 e Zn002, respectivamente. A viabilidade de ambas as linhagens foi superior a 90%. A citometria de fluxo demonstrou que ambas as linhagens foram positivas para a maioria dos marcadores testados, incluindo marcadores, que foram negativamente expressados quando hNDP-SCs foram previamente cultivadas em meio xenogênico. Usando análise imunocitoquímica, as células mostraram expressar a beta III-tubulina, nestina, neurofilamentos e Nanog. O PRP usado como meio alogênico mostrou-se adequado para o cultivo de hNDP-SCs.

Oral findings and its association with prenatal and perinatal factors in newborns / 소아과

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the frequency of abnormalities in the newborn oral cavity and to evaluate the association with prenatal and perinatal factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated 2,216 newborns. Oral findings were assessed in the first 24 hours of life using visual examination. Sex, weight, length, gestational age, and medical disorders at birth were recorded. Maternal demographic and medical information was also obtained. RESULTS: The most common oral findings were Bohn’s nodules, Epstein’s pearls, and dental lamina cysts. Other intraoral findings included odontogenic cysts, ankyloglossia, and natal teeth, among others. In logistic regression analyses, folic acid consumption during pregnancy was significantly associated with Bohn’s nodules (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–2.55; P=0.002), Epstein’s pearls (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.14–2.33; P=0.007), and dental lamina cysts (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02–2.05; P=0.038). Moreover, preterm births were negatively associated with prevalence of Bohn’s nodules (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.50–0.80; P≤0.0001). Comparison between newborns with and without oral inclusion cysts showed that maternal folic acid and iron intake were significantly different (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Maternal folic acid and iron intake were associated with the prevalence of oral inclusion cysts.

Dente natal e neonatal: diagnóstico e conduta terapêutica / Natal and neonatal teeth: diagnosis and therapeutic conduct

O objetivo do presente estudo é definir dente neonatal e natal, a fim de discutir sobre eles, com ênfase à vigilância da cavidade bucal. Objetiva-se, também, conduzir o cirurgião-dentista ao diagnóstico preciso de dentes natais e neonatais, diferenciando-os de outras sugestões de prováveis diagnósticos que podem levar o cirurgião-dentista a se confundir e/ou duvidar do diagnóstico provável, além de auxiliá-lo na decisão terapêutica de dentes natais e neonatais e expor o prognóstico ideal desejado

The aim of this study is to define neonatal and home tooth in order to discuss them with emphasis on surveillance of the oral cavity. In order to lead the dentist to the precise diagnosis of natal and neonatal teeth differentiating them from other suggestions of likely diagnoses that can lead the dentist to confuse and/or doubt the likely diagnosis; and help in therapeutic decision about natal and neonatal teeth and expose the ideal desired outcome

Cronología de la erupción dentaria en un grupo de mestizos caucasoides de Cali (Colombia) / Chronology of dental eruption in a group of Caucasoid mestizos from Cali (Colombia)

Introducción: La erupción cronológica de los dientes deciduos y permanentes implica una serie de procesos sucedáneos que van desde la morfogénesis de cada diente hasta el establecimiento fisiológico de la oclusión dental. Sin embargo, se ha identificado que diferentes factores genéticos y medioambientales locales y regionales pueden alterar el proceso secuencial de erupción de los dientes respecto a la edad cronológica de los seres humanos. Objetivo: Caracterizar la cronología de la erupción dentaria en un grupo de mestizos caucasoides de Cali (Colombia). Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal que determinó el dimorfismo sexual, la simetría de arco y la simetría bilateral a partir de la observación y análisis de la cronología de la erupción dentaria en 355 radiografías panorámicas pertenecientes a un grupo de mestizos caucasoides (181 de individuos femeninos y 174 de masculinos) de la ciudad de Cali (Colombia) a través del método de Schour y Massler. Resultados: Al correlacionar la edad cronológica con la edad radiográfica, no se evidenciaron diferencias entre sexo, arco y lado en la cronología de erupción de los dientes deciduos y permanentes. Conclusiones: El método de Schour y Massler permitió evidenciar una alta correlación entre la edad dental y la edad cronológica, lo cual es de gran utilidad en el contexto clínico odontológico para hacer seguimiento de la salud buco-dento-maxilo- facial en armonía con el crecimiento y desarrollo postnatal, y en el contexto antropológico y forense para para la estimación de la edad como parte de la cuarteta básica de identificación y para la documentación de los dictámenes médicolegales de edad.

Background: The chronological eruption of the deciduous and permanent teeth involves a sequential process that go from the morphogenesis of each tooth to the physiological establishment of the dental occlusion. However, it has been identified that different local and regional genetic and environmental factors can alter the sequential process of eruption of the teeth with respect to the chronological age of human beings. Objective: Characterize the chronology of tooth eruption in a group of Caucasoid mestizos from Cali (Colombia). Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study that determined sexual dimorphism, arch symmetry and bilateral symmetry from the observation and analysis of the chronology of tooth eruption in 355 panoramic radiographs belonging to a group of Caucasoid mestizos (181 female and 174 men individuals) from the city of Cali (Colombia) through the method of Schour and Massler. Results: When correlating chronological age with radiographic age, no differences between sex, arch and side in the chronology of eruption of the deciduous and permanent teeth were found. Conclusions: The Schour and Massler method showed a high correlation between dental age and chronological age, which is very useful in the dental clinical context to monitor the oral-maxillofacial health in harmony with postnatal growth and development, and in the anthropological and forensic context for the estimation of age as part of the basic identification proceedings and for the documentation of medical-legal age opinion.

Dientes natales: informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Natal teeth: report of a case and review of the literature

Cuando se encuentran dientes presentes al nacimiento es frecuente que los médicos pediatras interconsulten con el odontólogo, dichos dientes reciben el nombre de natales y neonatales de acuerdo con el momento en el cual hacen su aparición, si los dientes se encuentran presentes al nacimiento se les denomina natales y si aparecen durante el primer mes de vida se les llama neonatales. No es raro que los dientes natales y neonatales carezcan de raíz, y debido a su débil unión con eltejido gingival es posible que estos dientes puedan desalojarse y serbroncoaspirados o deglutidos por el menor durante la alimentación al seno materno. Si bien los dientes natales y neonatales no constituyen una entidad patológica per se, existen algunos síndromes genéticos que entre sus características se encuentran los dientes natales o neonatales.

When teeth are present at birth, pediatricians frequently seek the opinionof a dentist. These teeth are known as natal or neonatal depending onwhether they are present at birth or appear during the fi rst month oflife. It is not uncommon for natal and neonatal teeth to have no root,and due to their weak bond to the gingival tissue they can come looseand be breathed in or swallowed by the child during breast feeding.While natal and neonatal teeth are not a pathological entity per se,there are certain genetic syndromes whose features include natal orneonatal teeth.

Manejo de dientes natales y neonatales: reporte de dos casos / Management of natal and neonatal teeth: report of two cases

Los dientes natales son órganos dentarios que se presentan al nacimiento, y los neonatales son aquellos que erupcionan durante el primer mes de vida. La etiología exacta es desconocida. El manejo de estos dientes depende de múltiples factores. La extracción está indicada cuando eldiente es un supernumerario o presenta movilidad excesiva debido al riesgo de broncoaspiración. Cuando tienen ligera movilidad, generalmente se estabilizan conforme van erupcionando. El objetivo de este reporte es la presentación de dos casos clínicos de dientes natales yneonatales que se manejaron con abordajes diferentes, el primero demanera conservadora y el segundo con la extracción del órgano dental.

Natal teeth are those present at birth. Those erupting during the fi rst month of life are neonatal teeth. The etiology is not known. Natal teeth management is dependent on multiple factors. If the natal tooth is su-pernumerary, the treatment of choice is extraction; likewise, when the teeth are excessively mobile, extraction is indicated due to the risk of aspiration. When natal teeth are only slightly mobile, they often stabilize soon after eruption. The aim of this report is to present two cases of natal and neonatal teeth that were managed with different approaches; the fi rst with a more conservative treatment and the second one with the extraction of the teeth.

Natal and neonatal teeth: A report of three cases

The occurrence of natal and neonatal teeth is relativity rare. General dental practitioners should be aware of these conditions and be prepared to provide appropriate care for patients. The aim of this study is to describe two cases of neonatal teeth and one case of natal teeth, highlighting the importance of the treatment decision. In all of these cases the teeth were part of the normal series of primary dentition. In case 1 the tooth was extracted because of a possibility of aspiration. In cases 2 and 3 the teeth were monitored and parents were instructed about the necessary care, especially the need for good oral hygiene. In conclusion, each patient must be evaluated individually with radiographic and clinical examinations and the best treatment option should always be chosen taking into account parents' views. Keywords: Natal teeth; Infant, Newborn; Tooth, Deciduous.

A ocorrência de dentes natais e neonatais é relativamente rara. Os cirurgiões-dentistas devem estar preparados para fornecer o cuidado adequado aos pacientes com essa condição. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar dois casos de dentes neonatais e um de dentes natais e destacar a importância da decisão do tratamento. Em todos os casos apresentados, os dentes faziam parte da série normal da dentição decídua. No caso 1 o dente foi extraído devido à possibilidade de aspiração. Nos casos 2 e 3, os dentes foram monitorados e os pais foram informados da necessidade de higiene bucal adequada. Concluindo, cada paciente deve ser avaliado individualmente através de exames clínicos e radiográfi cos. A escolha pela melhor opção de tratamento deve sempre levar em consideração a opinião dos pais.

Associação dos indicadores socioeconômicos, fatores pre e perinatais na ocorrência de defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte na dentição decídua: estudo de base populacional / Socioeconomic indicators, pre and perinatal factors associated with developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth: a population-based study

Os defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte (DDE) são alterações comuns na dentição decídua e podem estar associados a intercorrências nos períodos pré, peri e pós natais bem como a indicadores socioeconômicos. A literatura é escassa de evidências científicas de base populacional, sendo que a maioria das pesquisas é realizada principalmente com amostras específicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de DDE em crianças de cinco anos de idade e verificar a associação com prematuridade, peso ao nascer, intercorrências na gravidez (síndrome hipertensivo, infeções urinarias e diabetes gestacional) e indicadores socioeconômicos (renda mensal per capita, escolaridade materna, tipo de escola frequentada pela criança). Realizou-se um estudo transversal representativo com uma amostra de 1350 crianças de cinco anos de idade em Belo Horizonte - MG. Brasil. Após o consentimento dos pais, as crianças foram examinadas para o diagnóstico do DDE utilizando os critérios do índice DDE modificado (FDI,1992), e, através de um questionário, as mães forneceram os dados socioeconômicos bem como peso ao nascer, tempo de gestação e às intercorrências durante a gravidez relacionadas a parto pre-termo e baixo peso. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando-se o programa SPSS para Windows versão 19.0 e incluiu a distribuição de frequência, qui-quadrado de Pearson e Teste Exato de Fisher e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta adotando um valor de p <0,05. A prevalência de DDE foi de 40,6%. A opacidade demarcada foi o tipo de defeito mais frequente (22,7%) Através da análise bivariada, verificou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre o DDE e gênero, peso ao nascer, idade da mãe durante a gestação, escolaridade materna, intercorrência na gravidez (síndrome hipertensivo) e tipo de escola da criança. A partir do modelo de regressão de Poisson ajustado, observou-se maior prevalência de DDE entre as crianças do gênero masculino (RP: 1,177, 95% IC 1,033 ­ 1,342), com baixo peso ao nascer (RP: 1,387; 95% IC 1,161 ­ 1,656) e muito baixo peso ao nascer (RP: 1,667; 95% IC: 1,150 ­ 2,416). A partir destes resultados conclui-se que os defeitos de desenvolvimento de esmalte foram mais comuns entre as crianças do gênero masculino, com peso ao nascer baixo ou muito baixo

The developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are common changes in the primary dentition and may be associated with complications in the pre, peri and post-natal care as well as with socioeconomic indicators. Literature is scarce in scientific evidence in population base, once the majority of studies are mainly performed with specific samples. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of DDE in five years old children and the association with premature, complications during pregnancy birth weight and socioeconomic indicators (family income, maternal education, type of preschool attended by children). A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 1350 children of five years old of Belo Horizonte - MG. Brazil. After parental consent, children were examined for the diagnosis of DDE using DDE index modificated (FDI, 1992), and through a questionnaire mothers provided socioeconomic data, birth weight and premature and complications during pregnancy. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows 19.0, and included frequency distribution, chi- square test and Fisher's exact test and Poisson regression with robust variance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of DDE was 40.6 %. The demarcated opacity was the most common type of defect (22.7%) by bi-variate analysis; there was also a statistically significant association between developmental defects of enamel and gender, weight birth, complications during pregnancy (Arterial hypertension), mother´s age in the pregnancy, maternal education, type of school of children. The Poisson regression model adjusted showed that there was a higher prevalence of enamel defects among male children (PR: 1.177, 95% CI 1.033 to 1.342), low weight (PR: 1.387, 95% CI 1.61 to 1.656) and very low (PR: 1.667, 95% CI: 1.150 to 2.416). Out of these results it is concluded that the development of enamel defects were more common among male children with low or very low birth weight

Diente natal / Natal teeth

INTRODUCCIÓN: se denominan dientes natales a aquellos dientes que se encuentran presentes en la cavidad bucal en el momento del nacimiento. Estos constituyen una alteración de erupción precoz y se presenta con más frecuencia en la región de los incisivos centrales inferiores. Dichos dientes pueden ocasionar trastornos en la alimentación, ulceraciones traumáticas sublinguales llamada entonces enfermedad de Riga-Fede y preocupaciones en cuanto a la posible aspiración de los mismos. OBJETIVO: describir las características de una niña con diente natal y los aspectos más relevantes del diagnóstico y tratamiento. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: a la consulta de odontopediatría se presentó una madre con una niña de un mes de nacida, remitida del Servicio de Pediatría debido a la sospecha de presencia de un diente en el momento de su nacimiento. Dada la dificultad para la lactancia, la gran movilidad del diente y el alto riesgo de desprendimiento, el tratamiento aplicado fue la EXODONCIA. CONCLUSIONES: el caso presentó un diente natal pequeño y con ningún desarrollo radicular. El tratamiento aplicado fue exodoncia por el grado de movilidad del diente y forma cónica y puntiforme que tenía riesgo de desprendimiento. Por tener un mes de nacida no existía peligro de deficiencia de la coagulación resultante de la síntesis insuficiente de vitamina K que ocurre en los primeros días de vida. Aunque la presencia de diente natal es infrecuente es de gran importancia el conocimiento del diagnóstico y tratamiento del diente natal para el estomatólogo(AU)

INTRODUCTION: natal teeth are defined as those teeth that are present in the mouth at the time of birth. Natal teeth form an alteration of early eruption; generally the lower temporary central incisors are the most common tooth affected. These teeth are rare anomalies in newborns that can cause feed disturbances, tongue ulceration (Riga-Fede disease) and risk of aspiration of them. OBJECTIVE: the aim of this paper is to present a case report of a newborn girl with neonatal tooth and the most relevant aspects concerning the diagnosis and treatment. CLINIC CASE: a30 -day-old female baby was brought to our department, because she had one tooth at birth. Due to the great mobility it was decided to extract the mobile natal teeth. COMMENT: natal teeth, in most cases are small and with poor root development. The treatment of these teeth will depend on the degree of tooth mobility and presence of sharp incisal edge.The extraction must do after of the first weeks, because the vitamin K levels are low in the first days after birth and this is very important for the clot formation(AU)

Relato de caso clínico de paciente com dente natal e neonatal / A case report of a pacient with natal and neonatal tooth

Dentes presentes ao nascimento são denominados de dentes natais. Dentes que erupcionam no primeiro mês de vida são denominados de dentes neonatais. Estes podem ou não ser supra­ numerários. Objetivo: o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso clínico de paciente do gênero feminino, com 15 dias de vida, levada pelos pais ao consultório odontológico com a queixa de que a criança nasceu com um dente na região inferior anterior. Relato de caso: ao exame clínico observou-se a presença de dois dentes na região dos incisivos centrais inferiores; um em processo de erupção, sem mobilidade e outro recoberto por tecido gengival. Conclusão: manutenção de dentes natais e/ou neonatais é possível e aconselhável, quando estes são da dentição normal, não apresentam mobilidade nem riscos para a amamentação. Os controles periódicos são importantes para acompanhar o desenvolvimento dentário da criança.

The teeth present at the birth time are called natal teeth. The teeth that erupt within the first month of birth are called neonatal teeth. They can be supernumerary or not. Aim: the present work aims at reporting a case of a female patient, with 15 days of life, taken by her parents to the dental clinic with the complaint that the child was born with a tooth in the lower region. Case report: the clinical examination revealed the presence of two teeth in the region of the mandibular central incisors; one of them, in process of eruption and without mobility, and the other covered by gingival tissue. Conclusion: the maintenance of the natal and/or neonatal teeth is possible and advisable; when these are from an ordinary teething they don't present mobil ity or risks to the breast - feedi ng. Periodic ora I exa m i nations a re i nd icated to follow-u p the child's dental development.

Dientes natales: reporte de caso y revisión de literatura / Natal teeth: Case report and literature review

Los dientes natales son aquellos dientes presentes en la cavidad bucal en el momento del nacimiento y que pueden generar una ulcera lingual denominada Enfermedad de Riga-frede interfiriendo en la alimentación del recién nacido. En el presente artículo se reporta un caso clínico de una recién nacida de 28 d¡as que acude a la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia con el motivo de consulta que el infante presenta dos piezas dentarías desde el nacimiento.

Natal teeth are those teeth present in the oral cavity at the time of birth and can generate a lingual ulcer called Riga-Frede Disease interfering with the infant feeding. This article reports a case of a newborn of 28 days who arrived to the Pediatric Dentist Clinic of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia with the complaint that the infant has difficulty breastfeeding and has two teeth from birth.

Teething Myths among Nursing Mothers in a Nigerian Community

"Many symptoms had been associated with teething in children with the possibility of overlooking potentially fatal condition. Symptoms that had been associated with teething include diarrhoea; fever; vomiting and cough. The possibility that any of these symptoms could have been due to other causes call for thorough investigation of the child before concluding that it is only ""teething"". Objectives: The study was carried out to assess the beliefs of nursing mothers concerning symptoms that are associated with teething among children and to identify those that would seek medical treatments in case of their children having such symptoms during teething. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and ninety nursing mothers whose children had erupted at least a tooth were interviewed in the immunisation clinics of the University College Hospital and Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital; both in Ibadan; Nigeria; on their beliefs and practice concerning teething in children. Results: One hundred and eighty-eight (64.8) of the mothers associated symptoms such as fever; cough; catarrh and diarrhoea with eruption of teeth in their children. Over half of the women agreed that a child having either fever (51.0); ear infection (57.6) or cough (50.3) should be promptly taken for medical consultation and not be tagged ""teething""; while for other symptoms such as gum pain (74.5); sleepless night (56.6); vomiting (51.4) and diarrhoea (51.7); over half of the mothers believed that the symptoms will resolve following the eruption of the teeth. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that mothers in the study attributes several symptoms to teething; which could be detrimental to the survival of their children as the symptom could have been due to other causes. There is; therefore; need for public enlightenment to create awareness on the possible effect of presumptuous belief that childhood diseases are due to teething process."

Sublingual traumatic ulcerative lesions caused by the eruption of first primary mandibular molars: a case report / Lesión ulcerativa traumática sublingual causada por la erupción del primer molar temporal: reporte de un caso

Traumatic ulceration of the ventral surface of the tongue is an uncommon condition in infants and toddlers, which is often associated with natal and neonatal teeth in newborns. The aim of this report is to present a case of bilateral ulcerative ulcers on the ventral surface of the tongue caused by the eruption of first primary mandibular molars in a 14-month-old male child. The child was able to point to the lesions and also refused to consume certain beverages and foods, which favored an early diagnosis. Clinical treatment consisted of manual smoothing of the sharp edges of both mandibular first molars and a home regimen of lidocaine hydrochloride solution (Xylocaine®, Astra) and a steroid solution of triamcinolone acetonide (Omcilon ­ A, Brystol-Myers) for symptoms relief and lesion healing, respectively. Complete healing of both lesions and normal feeding were both observed at a one-week follow-up exam. Early detection of the lesions and parental compliance with recommended home regimens were key factors for a successful treatment outcome, since untreated cases of tongue ulcerative lesions may evoke feeding difficulties and failure to thrive. Although there are several reports of ulcerative lesions on the tongue caused by dental eruption, they are usually associated with the eruption of mandibular primary incisors (Riga-Fede disease). However, there are no reports of ulcerative lesions caused by other primary teeth.

La ulceración traumática de la superficie ventral de la lengua es una condición poco común en bebés y niños pequeños, la cual se asocia a menudo con los dientes natales y neonatales en los recién nacidos. El objetivo de este reporte es presentar un caso de úlceras bilaterales en la superficie ventral de la lengua causada por la erupción de los primeros molares mandibulares temporales en un infante de sexo masculino de 14 meses de edad. En niño fue capaz de señalar las lesiones y se negó a consumir ciertas bebidas y alimentos, lo que favoreció un diagnóstico precoz. El tratamiento clínico consistió en el suavizado manual de los bordes afilados de los primeros molares inferiores y un régimen casero de solución de clorhidrato de lidocaína (Xilocaína®, Astra) junto a la solución esteroidal de acetónido de triamcinolona (Omcilon - A, Brystol-Myers) para el alivio de los síntomas y curación de la lesión respectivamente. La curación completa de ambas lesiones y la alimentación normal se observó en una semana del control de seguimiento. La detección temprana de las lesiones y el cumplimiento de los padres con los regímenes caseros recomendados, son factores claves para un resultado exitoso del tratamiento, ya que los casos no tratados de estas lesiones ulcerosas pueden provocar dificultades en la alimentación y una evolución inadecuada. Aunque existen varios informes de lesiones ulcerosas en la lengua causada por la erupción dental, que se asocian generalmente con la erupción de los incisivos mandibulares temporales (enfermedad de Riga-Fede). Sin embargo, no existen informes de lesiones ulcerosas causadas por otros dientes temporales.

Coleta e cultura de células-tronco obtidas da polpa de dentes decíduos: técnica e relato de caso clínico / Collection and culture of stem cells derived from dental pulp of deciduous teeth: technique and clinical case report

INTRODUÇÃO: as células-tronco (CT) possuem capacidade de induzir a regeneração tecidual e, portanto, apresentam um potencial terapêutico. Assim como a medula óssea e o cordão umbilical, a polpa dentária é uma das fontes disponíveis de CT. O seu fácil acesso e o fato de os dentes decíduos não serem órgãos vitais, que normalmente são descartados após a esfoliação, provêm um atrativo para testes de segurança e viabilidade terapêutica dessas células. OBJETIVOS: descrever a coleta, o isolamento e o cultivo de CT obtidas da polpa de dentes decíduos, assim como a sua caracterização por meio de citometria de fluxo e da indução da diferenciação em linhagens osteogênica e adipogênica. MÉTODOS: as CT foram obtidas de forma relativamente simples e apresentaram boa capacidade proliferativa, mesmo a partir de pouca quantidade de tecido pulpar. RESULTADOS: a análise por citometria de fluxo confirmou as características de CT mesenquimais, com baixos níveis de expressão dos antígenos CD34 e CD45, que são marcadores de células hematopoiéticas, e altos níveis de expressão dos antígenos CD105, CD166, CD90 e CD73, que são marcadores de CT mesenquimais. A plasticidade das células foi confirmada pela identificação de depósitos de cálcio nas culturas que receberam meio osteogênico, e de acúmulo lipídico intracelular nas culturas que receberam meio adipogênico. CONCLUSÕES: as CT de dentes decíduos têm um potencial promissor de aplicação em regeneração tecidual. Sendo assim, é importante difundir entre os cirurgiões-dentistas o conhecimento sobre a existência e as características dessa fonte de CT, discutindo a técnica utilizada, suas limitações e possíveis indicações.

INTRODUCTION: Stem cells (SCs) are capable of inducing tissue regeneration and are, therefore, potentially therapeutic. Similarly to bone marrow and umbilical cords, dental pulp is one of the available sources of SCs. The fact that these cells are easily accessible and that deciduous teeth are not vital organs, and are normally discarded after exfoliation, make them particularly attractive for use in safety and viability tests. OBJECTIVE: To describe the collection, isolation and culture of SCs obtained from the pulp of deciduous teeth as well as their characterization by flow cytometry, and the induction of differentiation into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. METHODS: SCs were obtained in a relatively straightforward manner and showed good proliferative capacity, even from a small amount of pulp tissue. RESULTS: Analysis by flow cytometry confirmed the characteristics of mesenchymal SCs with low expression of CD34 and CD45 antigens, which are markers for hematopoietic cells, and high levels of expression of CD105, CD166, CD90 and CD73 antigens, which are markers for mesenchymal SCs. Cell plasticity was confirmed by identifying calcium deposits in cultures that received osteogenic medium, and intracellular lipid accumulation in adipogenic cultures that received adipogenic medium. CONCLUSIONS: SCs collected from deciduous teeth show promising potential for application in tissue regeneration. Therefore, it is important that knowledge about the existence and characteristics of this source of stem cells be disseminated among dentists and that the technique, its limitations and possible indications are highlighted and discussed.

Natal teeth in an infant with congenital hypothyroidism.

Teeth erupting at birth are referred to as natal teeth. It is a common and benign finding in the neonatal period. However, they may be associated with genetic syndromes like Ellis Van Creveld syndrome and Hallermann-Streiff syndrome. We report here a case of natal teeth in an infant with congenital hypothyroidism.