Manifestaciones cutáneas en pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson en una población chilena / Cutaneous manifestations in patients with Parkinson's disease In a Chilean population

IINTRODUCCIÓN: Las alteraciones cutáneas asociadas a la Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) constituyen un área poco estudiada. OBJETIVOS: Describir las alteraciones cutáneas de un grupo de pacientes con EP y su asociación a parámetros cutáneos funcionales (sebo y humedad). PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo de pacientes con EP evaluados entre los meses de febrero y octubre del 2010. RESULTADOS: Se observó dermatitis seborreica (DS) en un 9,58 por ciento, no correlacionándose con seborrea (p=0,415), tiempo de evolución (p=0,338) ni severidad de la EP (p=0,787). Además, se observó un 6.84 por ciento de cáncer de piel no melanoma. La sebometría se asoció de forma inversa con la edad y mayores dosis de L-dopa. La higrometría no se asoció con tiempo de evolución, severidad de la EP ni fluctuaciones motoras. CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes con EP evaluados tienen una mayor frecuencia de cáncer de piel no melanoma y DS, sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para determinar su real asociación.

INTRODUCTION: Skin disorders associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are a poorly studied area. OBJECTIVES: To describe skin changes in a group of PD patients and its association with cutaneous functional parameters (sebum and humidity). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive prospective observational study of PD patients evaluated between February and October 2010. RESULTS: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) was observed in 9.58 percent and not correlated with seborrhea (p = 0.415), duration (p = 0.338) and severity of PD (p = 0.787). In addition, a 6.84 percent of non-melanoma skin cancer was observed. Sebometry was inversely associated with age and higher doses of L-dopa. Humidity was not associated with time of evolution, severity of PD or motor fluctuations. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated patients with PD have a higher frequency of non-melanoma skin cancer and SD. However, more studies are needed to establish their real association.

Malassezia furfur in infantile seborrheic dermatitis.

Our objective was to study both incidence and various strains of Malassezia in infantile seborrheic dermatitis (ISD). Sixty infants between 2 weeks and 2 years old with clinical diagnosis of ISD at the Department of Pediatrics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from May 2002 to April 2003 were recruited. Malassezia spp. were isolated from cultured skin samples of the patients, genomic DNA was extracted and the ITS1 rDNA region was amplified. The PCR product was examined by agarose gel electrophoresis and DNA sequences were determined. The ITS1 sequences were also subjected to phylogenetic analysis and species identification. ISD is most commonly found in infants below the age of 2 months (64%), followed by those between 2 and 4 months (28%) old. Cultures yielded yeast-like colonies in 15 specimens. PCR yielded 200-bp products (Candida) in 3 patients and 300-bp products (Malassezia furfur) in 12 patients (18%). Sugar fermentation using API 20C aux performed on the three 200-bp PCR products yielded Candida species. M. furfur was the only Malassezia recovered from skin scrapings of children with ISD.

Caracterización de especies del género Malassezia en pacientes con dermitis seborreica y en controles / Characterization of species of the gender Malassezia in patients with seborrheic dermatitis and subjects without skin lesions

The yeast Malassezia spp has an established etiological role in pityriasis versicolor, folliculitis, systemic infections and onychomycosis. Aim: To assess the presence of Malassezia spp in patients with seborrheic dermatitis (SD), to find a correlation between Malassezia spp count and the severity of the disease and to compare the prevalence of the different Malassezia species in SD patients and subjects without skin lesions. Patients and methods: Scrapings of the face from 81 patients with SD (69 males) and 79 subjects (54 males) without skin lesions were obtained for a direct microscope examination and yeast culture. Results: The yeast Malassezia was found in 76% of SD patients and in 82% of subjects without skin lesions. There was a positive correlation between the number of yeasts found on direct examination and the clinical severity of lesions in SD patients. Although this correlation was statistically significant (p=0.046), the degree of association (rho=0.22) was weak. Fifty Malassezia species were identified. M globosa was found in 67% of SD patients, followed by M furfur and M sympodialis, each present in 16.5% of the SD patients. In subjects without skin lesions, the most prevalent species were M globosa (77%), followed by M sympodialis (12%), M slooffiae (7%) and M furfur (4%). Conclusions: The presence of the yeast Malassezia is not associated with the presence of skin lesions (Rev Méd Chile 2003; 131: 1295-300).

Avaliaçäo clínica de uma linha de produtos indicados para controle da acne em adolescentes / Clinical evaluation of a line of products indicated for juvenile acne control

A alta prevalência das formas iniciais da acne juvenil e a grave evoluçäo que delas pode ocorrer, impöem a necessidade de controlá-las, de forma prática e efetiva. OBJETIVO. Comprovar a efetividade de uma linha de produto de uso popular, à base de triclosan e ácido salicílico (Sistema Clean & Clear - Johnson & Johnson), no controle da acne juvenil. MÉTODO - Em um ensaio clínico randomizado, setenta voluntários, de idades entre 12 e 17 anos, portadores de formas iniciais de acne, foram aleatoriamente divididos em três grupos: dois de vinte e um de trinta indivíduos. A cada grupo foi entregue um kit, composto de um detergente facial (em espuma ou barra), uma loçäo tônica e uma loçäo hidratante; o grupo 3 utilizou, também, um gel secativo. O período de tratamento, em cada grupo, foi de trinta dias. Na primeira fase do estudo, os grupos 1 e 2 foram tratados por trinta dias, enquanto o 3 foi controle e iniciou o tratamento trinta dias após. As lesöes acneias foram quantificadas antes e após o tratamento, e as seborréia facial classificada em nula, moderada ou intensa. RESULTADOS - Foram considerados apenas os casos em que a aderência foi igual ou maior que 50 por cento. A seborréa facial foi abolida em 45,95 por cento dos casos e em 4 por cento dos controles. As lesöes näo-inflamatórias foram, significativamente, reduzidas (p<0,05) nos casos, em comparaçäo aos controles e pré e pós-tratamento. Quanto às les 8es inflamatórias, observou-se diminuiçäo na soma dos três grupo tratados, quando comparados ao estado basal, porém esse comportamento näo diferiu dos controles. CONCLUSAO - Tratando-se de um estudo de efetividade, conclui-se que essa linha de produtos mostrou-se efetiva para o controle da seborréia e das lesöes näo-inflamatórias da acne em adolescentes