Ectropion and Entropion in Sub-Saharan Africa: How do we Differ?

Aims: To study the etiopathophysiology of ectropion and entropion in a sub-Saharan tertiary eye care center and examine how it differs from reports elsewhere. Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective audit of all consecutive patients who presented with ectropion or entropion to the oculoplastics clinic of a tertiary eye care unit. We reviewed the medical records of all such patients and data extracted include age; gender; etiopathology; and diagnosis. The primary oculoplastic disease was used in classifying the patients. The study period covered January 2008-June 2012. Results: A total of 53 patients were identified constituting 37.3 of all eyelid diseases. Thirty-three (62.3) were males. Forty-eight (90.6) had ectropion; 43(89.6) of which were cicatricial ectropion. Five (9.4) had entropion. The median age group affected was 30-39 years (26.4). There were no cases of congenital ectropion or entropion. The leading etiological factor was trauma in 36 cases (67.9); which was mostly due to road traffic accidents (50.9). Conclusions: This study highlights a difference in etiopathophysiology of ectropion and entropion in a sub-Saharan region when compared to reported data from developed countries. In Nigeria; ectropion (which is often cicatricial) is usually secondary to trauma whereas senile involution is the common cause in many developed countries. This finding has implications in appropriate planning and skill acquisition for surgical correction in this group of patients

Surgical Correction of Hallermann-Streiff Syndrome: A Case Report of Esotropia, Entropion, and Blepharoptosis

We report a case of surgical treatment for Hallermann-Streiff syndrome in a patient with ocular manifestations of esotropia, entropion, and blepharoptosis. A 54-year-old man visited Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital complaining of ocular discomfort due to cilia touching the corneas of both eyes for several years. He had a bird-like face, pinched nose, hypotrichosis of the scalp, mandibular hypoplasia with forward displacement of the temporomandibular joints, a small mouth, and proportional short stature. His ophthalmic features included sparse eyelashes and eyebrows, microphthalmia, nystagmus, lower lid entropion in the right eye, and upper lid entropion with blepharoptosis in both eyes. There was esodeviation of the eyeball of more than 100 prism diopters at near and distance, and there were limitations in ocular movement on lateral gaze. The capsulopalpebral fascia was repaired to treat the right lower lid entropion, but an additional Quickert suture was required to prevent recurrence. Blepharoplasty and levator palpebrae repair were performed for blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis. Three months after lid surgery, the right medial rectus muscle was recessed 7.5 mm, the left medial rectus was recessed 7.25 mm, and the left lateral rectus muscle was resected 8.0 mm.

Complexo óculo-aurículo-vertebral (síndrome de Goldenhar): achados oculares em oito pacientes / Oculo auriculovertebral complex (Goldenhar's syndrome) ocular findings in 8 patients

Entre 1989 e 1994, foram estudados 8 pacientes com COAV (síndrome de Goldenhar) no setor de Plástico Ocular da Universidade Federal de Säo Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. Cinco pacientes eram do sexo masculino e três do feminino. A idade variou de seis meses a 23 anos e sete pacientes eram da raça caucasiana e um da oriental. Todos os pacientes foram casos isolados na família. As duas alteraçöes mais frequentes foram dermóide epibulbar temporal inferior e coloboma da pálpebra superior, seguidos por simbléfaro, anomalias da musculatura extrínceca ocular e entrópio, que coincidem com os achados da literatura.

Cirugía del entropion senil: experiencia en nuestro centro / Senile entropion surgery: experience accumulated in this institution

Después de hacer una breve revisión de la fisiopatología del entropion senil, se describe la técnica quirúrgica de la Brich-Hirschfel modificada por nosotros en la corrección de dicha enfermedad. Se analizan los resultados obtenidos en 31 pacientes operados en nuestro departamento de vías lagrimales al cabo de un año de haberse intervenido y se encuentran evoluciones satisfactorias con esta técnica quirúrgica