Spontaneous globe luxation associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Spontaneous globe luxation is a rarely reported condition which can lead to complications like optic neuropathy. Common causes are thyroid eye disease, shallow orbit and floppy eyelid syndrome. We report a case of spontaneous globe luxation with the onset and severity associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous globe luxation associated with COPD.

Thyroid associated orbitopathy.

Thyroid associated orbitopathy, also known as Graves’ orbitopathy, is typically a self-limiting autoimmune process associated with dysthyroid states. The clinical presentation may vary from very mild disease to severe irreversible sight-threatening complications. Despite ongoing basic science and clinical research, the pathogenesis and highly effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. The present article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of this common, yet poorly understood disease, which remains a challenge to the ophthalmologist.

Oftalmopatía distiroidea / Dysthiroid Ophtalmopathy

La oftalmopatía distiroidea es la causa más frecuente de proptosis uni o bilateral en el adulto. Afecta con más frecuencia a las mujeres entre los 25 y los 50 años, aunque el curso es más agresivo en los hombres. Se relaciona con hipertiroidismo (91%), tiroiditis de Hashimoto (3%) y eutiroidismo (6%). Hisotpatológicamente se observa un aumento de glucosaminoglicanos en el tejido conectivo de grasa orbitaria y músculos extraoculares. Las manifestaciones clínicas son, en orden de frecuencia, la retracción palpebral, la proptosis, la diplopia y la neuropatía óptica por compresión.

Protosis: etiology and demographic patterns

To determine the demographic pattern of patients presenting with proptosis and its etiology. A cross-sectional descriptive study. Khyber Institute of Ophthalmic Medical Sciences [KIOMS], Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from July 2001- December 2002. Sixty cases of proptosis presenting at KIOMS were included. Thirtysix patients were male while 24 were female. They were divided into two age groups; 0-15 years [paediatric group] and above 15 years [adult group]. An elaborate work up plan was formulated for all patients, which included detailed history, clinical examination [ocular, orbital and systemic], radiological and histopathological investigations. Neoplasms [33%] were the most common causes of proptosis in all the patients followed by orbital inflammations [23%], orbital infections [20%], structural abnormalities [12%], vascular abnormalities [7%] and trauma [5%]. Neoplasms were the most common cause of proptosis in both paediatric and adult group. Proptosis was the cardinal feature and visual deterioration was present in more than half of the patients. Timely referral, early diagnosis and appropriate management can result in reduction of visual morbidity

Exoftalmia en niños / Exophthalmos in children

Mediante un protocolo de estudio prospectivo se evaluaron 171 pacientes que consultaron por exoftalmía al Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Garrahan durante 1999,predominaron las causas inflamatorias(celulitis y dacriocistitis)Los angiomas representaron el primer diagnóstico entre los de causa vascular,seguidos por linfangioma.De los tumores observados,el quiste dermoide y el mucoceles fueron los diagnósticos más frecuentes y entre los malignos el rabdomiosarcoma.El exoftalmos de origen traumático tuvo baja incidencia entendiendo que ello se debe a que en nuestro hospital no se atienden urgencias oftalmológicas.De la comparación con otras series de distintos servicios se observa que la incidencia relativa de las diferentes patologías es en general coincidente con la de nuestro servicio,las diferencias se deben a la inclusión en algunas de las series de exorbitismo o de patología traumática.De la experiencia recogida surgen criterios de estudio para las distintas afecciones causantes de exoftalmía

Lesfistules carotido-caverneuses: [a propos de 16 cas]

The authors report here their own experience about 16 carotido-cavernous fistula cases, managed from 1976 to 1990. The mean age of patients is 30 years with equal distribution in the two sexes. The traumatisme notion is found to be present in 15 case In all cases, exophtalmos constitues the most constant symptom. The carotid arteriography. Was too useful to confirm the clinical diagnosis. The therapeutical management has led to immediat disappearance of all functional signs. As For exophtalmos, the total regression was noted in 10 patients. The mortality rate was 19%