Comparison between elisa and various stains techniques in laboratory diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis

Cryptosporidium spp. is an important parasitic protozoa causing diarrhea which is a severe life-threatening diarrhea especially in immunocompromised hosts. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of detection of Cryptosporidium spp. copro-antigen from fecal specimens by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] test and comparing its sensitivity and specificity with some staining methods. The results revealed that Modified Acid-Fast stain is considered better than Giemsa in detecting Cryptosporidium species oocysts in faecal smears as their sensitivity were 67.5% and 53.75% respectively. On contrary, ELISA technique is considered the best method used for detection of cryptosporidial infection as its sensitivity is 90%

Identification of parasite DNA in common bile duct stones by PCR and DNA sequencing

We attempted to identify parasite DNA in the biliary stones of humans via PCR and DNA sequencing. Genomic DNA was isolated from each of 15 common bile duct (CBD) stones and 5 gallbladder (GB) stones. The patients who had the CBD stones suffered from cholangitis, and the patients with GB stones showed acute cholecystitis, respectively. The 28S and 18S rDNA genes were amplified successfully from 3 and/or 1 common bile duct stone samples, and then cloned and sequenced. The 28S and 18S rDNA sequences were highly conserved among isolates. Identity of the obtained 28S D1 rDNA with that of Clonorchis sinensis was higher than 97.6%, and identity of the 18S rDNA with that of other Ascarididae was 97.9%. Almost no intra-specific variations were detected in the 28S and 18S rDNA with the exception of a few nucleotide variations, i.e., substitution and deletion. These findings suggest that C. sinensis and Ascaris lumbricoides may be related with the biliary stone formation and development.

Demodecidosis / Demodecidosis

Antecedentes: la demodecidosis es unaectoparasitosis causada por un artrópodo el demodex del cual hay 2 xespecies exclusivas en el hombre; el D. folliculorum y el D. brevis. Objetiovs: nuestro propósito fue determinar la población del demodex en diferentes patologías; rosácea en sus diferentes estadios, demodecidosis, piel sana y comparar estas. Métodos: estudiamos un total de 100 pacientes, 65 mujeres y 35 hombres, entre 18 y 89 años de edad obteniendo la capa superficial del estrato córneo y el contenido del folículo piloso de la piel de la cara con cianoacrilato adhesivo. Resultados: de los 100 pacientes estudiados encontramos 25 casos positivos de los cuales 12 eran rosácea estadio II, 5 demodecidosis, 4 piel sana, 2 rosácea estadio III y 1 rosácea estadio I y IV, siendo 16 del sexo femenino y 9 de sexo masculino con predominio en mayores de 30 años. De estos 25 pacientes 4 presentaron prurito, 20 se higienizaban con agua y jabón, 5 con cremas limpiadoras y 11 utilizaban cosméticos. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico clínico de demodecidosis es orientativo, es necesario demostrar la presencia de 5 ó más demodex por campo de 1cm cuadrado x 10X para confirmarlo, la negatividad de un campo no excluye el diagnóstico positivo