Effect of selective beta-adrenoceptor blockade and surgical resection of the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion complex on delayed liquid gastric emptying induced by dipyrone, 4-aminoantipyrine, and antipyrine in rats

There is evidence for participation of peripheral β-adrenoceptors in delayed liquid gastric emptying (GE) induced in rats by dipyrone (Dp), 4-aminoantipyrine (AA), and antipyrine (At). The present study aimed to determine whether β-adrenoceptors are involved in delayed GE induced by phenylpyrazole derivatives and the role of the prevertebral sympathetic nervous system in this condition. Male Wistar rats weighing 220-280 g were used in the study. In the first experiment rats were intravenously pretreated with vehicle (V), atenolol 30 mg/kg (ATE, β1-adrenergic antagonist), or butoxamine 25 mg/kg (BUT, β2-adrenergic antagonist). In the second experiment, rats were pretreated with V or SR59230A 2 mg/kg (SRA, β3-adrenergic antagonist). In the third experiment, rats were subjected to surgical resection of the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion complex or to sham surgery. The groups were intravenously treated with saline (S), 240 µmol/kg Dp, AA, or At, 15 min after pretreatment with the antagonists or V and nine days after surgery. GE was determined 10 min later by measuring the percentage of gastric retention (%GR) of saline labeled with phenol red 10 min after gavage. The %GR (means±SE, n=6) values indicated that BUT abolished the effect of Dp (BUT+Dp vs V+Dp: 35.0%±5.1% vs 56.4%±2.7%) and At (BUT+At vs V+At: 33.5%±4.7% vs 52.9%±2.6%) on GE, and significantly reduced (P<0.05) the effect of AA (BUT+AA vs V+AA: 48.0%±5.0% vs 65.2%±3.8%). ATE, SRA, and sympathectomy did not modify the effects of treatments. These results suggest that β2-adrenoceptor activation occurred in delayed liquid gastric emptying induced by the phenylpyrazole derivatives dipyrone, 4-aminoantipyrine, and antipyrine. Additionally, the released neurotransmitter did not originate in the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion complex.

Effects of cervical sympathectomy on vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits / Efeitos da simpatectomia cervical sobre o vasoespasmo induzido por hemorragia meníngea em coelhos

This study investigates the role of cervical sympathectomy in the prevention of acute vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits. Sixteen adult English Norfolk rabbits were divided into 2 experimental groups: bilateral cervical sympathectomy of the superior sympathetic ganglion (SSSG, n=8), and bilateral SSSG and sympathectomy of the inferior sympathetic ganglion (SISG, n=8). Other 24 animals were used as controls. Basilar artery diameter was evaluated by angiography. SSSG protected the animals against developing cerebral vasospasm; SSSG associated with SISG did not increase this effect.

Este estudo investiga o papel da simpatectomia cervical na prevenção do vasoespasmo agudo induzido por hemorragia meníngea em coelhos. Para tanto, foram utilizados 16 coelhos adultos da raça Norfolk inglesa, divididos em 2 grupos experimentais: simpatectomia cervical bilateral do gânglio simpático cervical superior (SSSG, n=8) e SSSG associada a simpatectomia cervical bilateral do gânglio simpático cervical inferior (SISG, n=8). Outros 24 animais foram usados como controles. Os diâmetros das artérias basilares foram avaliados por medições após angiografias. SSSG protegeu os animais contra o vasoespasmo; SSSG associada a SISG não aumentou este efeito.

Biopsia por Aspiración con Aguja fina en el Síndrome Adénico Cervical Crónico / Fine needle aspiration biopsy in the chronic adenic cervical syndrome

Con el objetivo de determinar en nuestro medio el valor de la citología aspirativa con aguja fina, al evaluar una linfadenopatía cervical asintomática, como procedimiento diagnóstico preliminar, se realizó un estudio de 40 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de otorrinolaringología del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Joaquín Albarrán", durante el año 1994, en los cuales se practicó primero biopsia aspirativa con aguja fina y posteriormente la extirpación quirúrica de los ganglios afectados para evaluar los diagnósticos citopatológicos realizados. El 72,5 por ciento de los pacientes tenían más de 50 años y el 62,5 por ciento era del sexo masculino. Se diagnosticaron lesiones metastásicas en el 45 por ciento, tumores primarios en el 20 por ciento, adenitis aguda en 7,5 por ciento. En la correlación se encontraron 2 falsos positivos (5 por ciento) e igual número de falsos negativos. La eficacia del método fue de 90 por ciento, sensibilidad de 92,3 por ciento y especialidad de 85,75 por ciento. Los índices predictivos positivos y negativos fueron 92,3 y 85,7 por ciento