Comparative evaluation of Latanoprostene Bunod, Timolol Maleate, and latanoprost Ophthalmic Solutions to assess their safety and efficacy in lowering intraocular pressure for the management of Open-Angle Glaucoma

OBJECTIVES: Timolol maleate has been reported to be a safer intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering treatment than latanoprost. The United States Food and Drug Administration approved latanoprostene bunod, a nitric oxide-donating prodrug of latanoprost, for lowering IOP. This study compared the safety and efficacy of latanoprost, latanoprostene bunod, and timolol maleate in patients with open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: Patients who received latanoprost eye drops once daily in the evening were included in the latanoprost Ophthalmic Solutions (LP) cohort (n=104). Those who received latanoprostene bunod eye drops once daily in the evening were included in the Latanoprostene Bunod (LB) cohort (n=94). Those who received timolol eye drops twice daily were included in the Timolol Maleate (TM) cohort (n=115). All treatments were administered to the affected eye(s) for 3 months. Informed Consent has been taken from each participant before the trial. RESULTS: At the end of 3 months of treatment, latanoprost, latanoprostene bunod, and timolol were all successful in reducing IOP. The LB cohort had the highest reduction in IOP, compared to the LP and TM cohorts. All treatments had some common adverse ocular effects. CONCLUSION: Latanoprostene bunod was superior to latanoprost and timolol for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.

Avaliação econômica do glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto / Economic evaluation of primary open-angle glaucoma

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a relação custo-utilidade do tratamento inicial com laser ou medicamentos do glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA) no Brasil, considerando de um lado os custos totais e de outro lado o impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado com base em um modelo de Markov, onde uma coorte teórica de portadores de GPAA em estágio inicial foi gerada. Os parâmetros usados no modelo foram obtidos na literatura e incluíram: custos médicos diretos (consultas, exames, tratamento); custos não médicos diretos (gasto com hospedagem, transporte, alimentação, acompanhante); custos indiretos (relacionados à incapacidade para o trabalho); valores de utilidade (qualidade de vida medida em QALY - quality-adjusted life year); e probabilidade de transição entre os estágios de saúde. Três estratégias de tratamento foram testadas no modelo: (1) sem tratamento; (2) tratamento inicial com colírios; (3) tratamento inicial com trabeculoplastia a laser. A medida de desfecho foi a razão de custo-utilidade incremental (RCUI). A robustez do modelo foi testada através de análise de sensibilidade. Resultados: As estratégias (2) e (3) de tratamento inicial do GPAA geraram ganhos em qualidade de vida em relação à (1) no Brasil. Iniciar o tratamento com laser gerou ganho médio de 1 QALY, enquanto que com medicamentos propiciou um ganho de 2 QALYs em média. Dentre as três estratégias testadas, a estratégia (2) foi a custo-efetiva e foi dominante sobre as demais, pois foi ao mesmo tempo a mais barata e a mais efetiva. Conclusão: Tanto a trabeculoplastia a laser quanto os medicamentos como tratamentos primários do GPAA inicial geraram ganhos significativos de qualidade de vida. A estratégia de se iniciar o tratamento com medicações foi custo-efetiva, quando se considera os custos totais. A alternativa de tratamento inicial através de trabeculoplastia a laser não foi custo-efetiva.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the cost-utility relation of the initial treatment with laser or primary open-angle glaucoma medications (PLA) in Brazil, considering on the one hand the total costs and on the other side the impact on patients' quality of life. Methods: The study was performed based on a Markov model, where a theoretical cohort of early-stage GPAA carriers was generated. The parameters used in the model were obtained in the literature and included: direct medical costs (consultations, examinations, treatment); direct non-medical costs (accommodation, transportation, meals, companions); indirect costs (related to incapacity for work); utility values (quality of life measured in QALY - quality-adjusted life year); and probability of transition between stages of health. Three treatment strategies were tested in the model: (1) without treatment; (2) initial treatment with eye drops; (3) initial treatment with laser trabeculoplasty. The measure of outcome was the incremental cost-utility ratio (RCUI). The robustness of the model was tested through sensitivity analysis. Results: The strategies (2) and (3) of the initial treatment of POAG generated gains in quality of life in relation to (1) in Brazil. Initiating the laser treatment generated an average gain of 1 QALY, whereas with medication it gave a gain of 2 QALYs on average. Among the three strategies tested, strategy (2) was cost-effective and was dominant over the other strategies, since it was at the same time the cheapest and the most effective strategy. Conclusion: Both laser trabeculoplasty and medications as primary treatments of early-stage POAG have generated significant gains in quality of life. The strategy of starting treatment with medications was cost-effective, whereas laser trabeculoplasty strategy was not cost-effective, when non-medical costs (direct and indirect) are included.

Eficácia do travoprosta 0, 004% na redução da pressão intraocular em pacientes com glaucoma / Travoprosta 0, 004% efficacy in intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia do colírio TRAVAMED® (travoprosta 0,004%) (Ofta, Brasil) na redução da pressão intraocular (PIO), em pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA) ou hipertensão ocular (HO), bem como avaliar os efeitos colaterais decorrentes do uso da droga. Métodos: estudo randomizado, controlado, com 70 olhos de 38 pacientes acima de 18 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de GPAA ou HO. Todos os pacientes receberam o colírio TRAVAMED® como primeira droga a ser introduzida no tratamento, tendo sido utilizada uma gota uma vez ao dia (à noite), e 30 dias após foram submetidos à tonometria de aplanação (Goldmann) para mensuração da PIO, com o mesmo examinador, no mesmo tonômetro e nos mesmos horários. Resultados: A média de redução da PIO após 30 dias de uso do TRAVAMED® foi de 7,46 mmHg. Em relação aos efeitos colaterais, 15,71% (11) dos olhos apresentaram hiperemia conjuntival, 8,57% (6) apresentaram dor, 8,57% (6) apresentaram ardência, 2,86% (2) apresentaram embaçamento visual e em 1,56% (1) dos olhos não houve queda significativa da PIO. Conclusão: A medicação TRAVAMED® foi eficiente na redução da PIO após 30 dias de uso contínuo, na dose de 1x/dia. Acerca dos efeitos colaterais, os mais observados foram hiperemia ocular (15,71%), dor (8,57%) e ardência (8,57%), porém estudos com maior tempo de seguimento se fazem necessários.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate how much decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) with TRAVAMED® (travoprost 0,004%) (Germed, Brazil) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OH) and possible side effects. Methods: controlled and randomized study, it was evaluated 70 eyes of 38 patients with age of 18 years old or more diagnosed with POAG and OH. All the patients had TRAVAMED® as first drop for treatment used once daily (at night) and 30 days later they had IOP measured by Goldmann tonometry, with the same examiner in the same tonometer at the same times. Results: the mean decrease in IOP was 7,46 mmHg after 30 days using the drops. 15.71% (11) of eyes had conjunctival redness, 8.57% (6) had pain, 8.57% (6) had burning, 2.86% (2) had blurring vision and 1.56% (1) of the eyes there wasn't a significant reduction in IOP. Conclusion: TRAVAMED® was efficient when evaluating IOP decrease. The most correlated side effects were conjunctival redness (15.71%), pain (8.57%) and burning (8.57%), but studies with longer follow-up are needed.

Medical therapy versus trabeculectomy in patients with open-angle glaucoma / Tratamento clínico versus trabeculectomia em pacientes com glaucoma de ângulo aberto

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare therapeutic outcomes between trabeculectomy and medical therapy in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Methods: In the present retrospective comparative study, the medical charts of 284 patients (eyes) newly diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma who had received conventional medications (n=188) or undergone fornix-based trabeculectomy (n=96) at a teaching eye hospital were reviewed. Results: At a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, post-treatment changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field (VF), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), and number of required drugs were significantly more favorable in the surgical group (P<0.001 for all comparisons). However, the frequency of clinically desirable IOP (≤21 mmHg) at the endpoint was comparable between the surgical and medical groups (87.2% vs. 82.3%; P=0.26). The rate of conversion to surgical therapy was 34% in the medical group. A greater baseline requirement for anti-glaucoma drugs (two or more) was the only independent predictor of treatment failure in the present study. Conclusions: Although more severe cases naturally receive trabeculectomy, the surgical approach had greater efficacy than conventional medical therapy in patients with open-angle glaucoma. An initial requirement for two or more anti-glaucoma drugs may predict failure of medical therapy.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o resultado terapêutico de trabeculectomia versus terapia médica em pacientes com glaucoma de ângulo aberto. Método: Neste estudo comparativo retrospectivo, prontuários médicos de 284 pacientes (olhos), de um hospital de ensino oftalmológico, com diagnóstico recente de glaucoma de ângulo aberto que receberam medicamentos convencionais (n=188) ou foram submetidos a trabeculectomia de base fórnice (n=96) foram revisados. Resultados: Com seguimento médio de 6,6 anos, as mudanças pós-tratamento da pressão intraocular (PIO), campo visual (VF), melhor acuidade visual corrigida por óculos (BSCVA), e o número de medicações necessárias foram significativamente mais favorável ao grupo cirúrgica (p<0,001 para todas as comparações). No entanto, os grupos foram comparáveis para a frequência de PIO clinicamente desejável (≤21 mmHg) na visita final (87,2% vs. 82,3%, respectivamente; p=0,26). A taxa de conversão para o tratamento cirúrgico foi de 34% no grupo médico e a necessidade inicial de mais drogas antiglaucomatosas (2 ou mais) foi o único preditor independente desta conversão. Conclusões: Embora os casos mais graves de glaucoma são naturalmente designados o grupo de trabeculectomia, esta abordagem cirúrgica se mostrou mais eficaz do que a terapia médica convencional em pacientes com glaucoma de ângulo aberto. Uma necessidade inicial de 2 ou mais medicações antiglaucomatosas pode prever a falha em terapia médica.

Percepção do paciente portador de glaucoma e os diferentes tipos de tratamento (clínico versus cirúrgico) / Patient’s perception on glaucoma and different types of treatment (medical versus surgical treatment)

Objetivo: Identificar a percepção dos pacientes sobre o significado de ser portador de glaucoma e a percepção que tem sobre o tratamento clínico ou cirúrgico. Métodos: Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa através da estratégia de grupos focais realizados com pacientes em tratamento clínico (grupo 1) e pacientes submetidos à cirurgia antiglaucomatosa (grupo 2). A análise e a interpretação dos resultados foram feitas pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: O medo da cegueira e a desinformação sobre a doença foram os aspectos negativos mais encontrados com relação a ser portador de glaucoma. O grupo cirúrgico preferiu a situação atual quando comparada à necessidade do uso de medicação. Verificou-se que tanto o glaucoma quanto o seu tratamento impactaram profundamente esses pacientes e que, embora a preocupação com a doença ainda persista, os pacientes operados demonstraram apresentar menos impacto no seu cotidiano. Foram determinantes para a aceitação da indicação da cirurgia a falta de controle da doença e a confiança no médico, sendo esta última considerada um fator primordial nos dois grupos pesquisados, o que aponta para sua importância, independente da decisão tomada pelo paciente na convivência com sua doença. Conclusão: Identificaram-se os aspectos negativos mais relevantes com relação ao glaucoma e ao seu tratamento. A confiança na correta indicação do tipo de tratamento, clínico ou cirúrgico, e uma relação sólida entre o paciente e o médico são os fatores determinantes para uma maior tranquilidade dos pacientes em tratamento de glaucoma (clínico ou cirúrgico).

Objective: To identify the meaning and impact on their quality of life of having glaucoma and to understand the patients’ perception on the different types of treatment (medical or surgical). Methods: Through a qualitative research, focus groups were conducted with patients in clinical treatment (group 1) and patients who underwent glaucoma surgery in both eyes and were without medication (group 2). The responses were analyzed using the technique of content analysis. Results: Fear of blindness and lack of information about the disease were the most cited issues in relation to how it is like to having glaucoma. Medication costs, impact of drops on patients’ daily lives and the side effects were the main points discussed in relation to medical treatment. All patients in the surgical group preferred the current situation (without medication) when compared to the need for chronic use of medication. In the two groups, both glaucoma and its treatment had a profound impact on people, not only from a psychological standpoint, but also affecting their daily lives. Patients operated on for glaucoma appear to have less impact on their daily lives, but the concern about the disease persists. Conclusion: We identified the most significant negative aspects of glaucoma and its treatment from patients’ perspectives. Confidence in the correct indication of the type of treatment, clinical or surgical, and a solid relationship between the patient the doctor are determining factors for extra peace of mind of patients being treated for glaucoma.

Safety and feasibility of the use of a bevacizumab-methylcellulose mixture as an adjunct to glaucoma surgery: a pilot study / Segurança e viabilidade do uso de uma mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose como terapia adjuvante à cirurgia anti-glaucomatosa: um estudo piloto

ABSTRACT Bevacizumab, a monoclonal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody, has been suggested as a potential healing therapeutic following glaucoma surgery. Here, we aimed to improve the bioavailability of bevacizumab when used as an adjunct therapy to non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (DS) by using a bevacizumab-methylcellulose mixture (BMM). Ten previously non-operated eyes in ten patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma underwent DS with a subconjunctival injection of 0.3 ml of BMM (bevacizumab 3.75 mg incorporated into 4% methylcellulose) at the surgical site. Bevacizumab release was evaluated in vitro using size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Intraocular pressure (IOP), bleb morphology, corneal endothelial cell count (CECC), and complications were evaluated at 6 months after surgery. Using HPLC, bevacizumab was detected in BMM for up to 72 h. Moreover, all surgical blebs remained expanded with hyaline material during the first week. A significant IOP reduction (mean ± SD= -10.3 ± 5.4 mmHg, P<0.001) and diffuse blebs were observed at the final follow-up period. Although CECC was slightly reduced (-7.4%), no complications were observed. In conclusion, bevacizumab was released from BMM, and the use of this innovative mixture yielded good results following DS with no complications. Further studies are required to determine its efficacy prior to establishing BMM as an adjunct treatment for penetrating and non-penetrating glaucoma surgeries.

RESUMO O bevacizumabe (um agente anti-fator de crescimento endotelial vascular) tem sido sugerido como potencial modulador cicatricial na cirurgia do glaucoma. Este estudo objetivou melhorar a biodisponibilidade do bevacizumabe, investigando a viabilidade de uma nova mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose (BMM) como terapia adjuvante para a esclerectomia profunda não-penetrante (DS). Dez olhos sem cirurgias prévias de 10 pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto foram submetidos à DS associada à uma injeção subconjuntival de 0,3 ml da mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose (bevacizumabe 3,75 mg incorporado em metilcelulose 4%) no sítio cirúrgico. A liberação de bevacizumabe foi avaliada in vitro através de cromatografia líquida de alta performance por exclusão de tamanho (HPLC). A pressão intraocular (PIO), a morfologia da ampola de filtração, a contagem de células endoteliais da córnea (CECC) e as complicações foram estudadas aos seis meses de seguimento. O bevacizumabe foi detectado a partir da mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose por meio do HPLC até 72 horas. Além disso, todas as ampolas cirúrgicas permaneceram expandidas com material hialino durante a primeira semana. Uma redução significativa da pressão intraocular (média ± DP= -10,3 ± 5,4 mmHg, P<0,001) e ampolas difusas foram observadas ao final do período de seguimento. Embora a contagem de células endoteliais da córnea se mostrou discretamente diminuída (-7,4%), nenhuma complicação foi observada. Neste estudo, o bevacizumabe foi liberado da mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose e o uso desta nova mistura se associou com bons resultados cirúrgicos e nenhuma complicação. Estudos futuros serão necessários para determinar sua eficácia, antes de se estabelecer a mistura de bevacizumabe-metilcelulose como um tratamento adjuvante às cirurgias penetrantes e não-penetrantes para o glaucoma.

Comparing the Efficacy of Latanoprost (0.005%), Bimatoprost (0.03%), Travoprost (0.004%), and Timolol (0.5%) in the Treatment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy and safety of latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost and timolol in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS: This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary-care centre. One hundred and forty patients with newly diagnosed primary open angle glaucoma were randomly assigned to treatment with latanoprost (0.005%), bimatoprost (0.03%), travoprost (0.004%) or timolol gel (0.5%); 35 patients were assigned to each group. All patients were followed for 2, 6, and 12 weeks. The main outcome measure studied was the change in IOP at week 12 from the baseline values. Safety measures included recording of adverse events. RESULTS: The mean IOP reduction from baseline at week 12 was significantly more with bimatoprost (8.8 mmHg, 35.9%) than with latanoprost (7.3 mmHg, 29.9%), travoprost (7.6 mmHg, 30.8%) or timolol (6.7 mmHg, 26.6%) (ANOVA and Student's t-tests, p < 0.001). Among the prostaglandins studied, bimatoprost produced a maximum reduction in IOP (-2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.25 to -3.18) followed by travoprost (-1.27; 95% CI, -0.81 to -1.27) and latanoprost (-1.25; 95% CI, -0.79 to -1.71); these values were significant when compared to timolol at week 12 (Bonferroni test, p < 0.001). Latanoprost and travoprost were comparable in their ability to reduce IOP at each patient visit. Ocular adverse-events were found in almost equal proportion in patients treated with bimatoprost (41.3%) and travoprost (41.9%), with a higher incidence of conjunctival hyperemia (24.1%) seen in the bimatoprost group. Timolol produced a significant drop in heart rate (p < 0.001) at week 12 when compared to the baseline measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Bimatoprost showed greater efficacy when compared to the other prostaglandins, and timolol was the most efficacious at lowering the IOP. Conjunctional hyperemia was mainly seen with bimatoprost. However, the drug was tolerated well and found to be safe.

Diurnal Intraocular Pressure with Bimatoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination versus Latanoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination in Healthy Subjects

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination (BTFC) and a latanoprost/timolol fixed combination (LTFC) on diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior ocular parameters in healthy subjects. METHODS: We enrolled 58 healthy subjects in this prospective clinical study. Thirty subjects were treated with BTFC and 28 subjects were treated with LTFC. IOP was measured every 2 hours except from 01:00 and 05:00. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were obtained using the IOL master at baseline and 24 hours later. Adverse events were assessed by patient interview and by slit lamp examination. RESULTS: The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 8 hours after instillation was 1.67 mmHg in the BTFC group (p < 0.001). The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 10 hours after instillation was 1.93 mmHg in the LTFC group (p < 0.001). For anterior ocular parameters such as axial length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth at baseline and 24 hours after instillation, there were no significant differences between the baseline and 24-hour values in either the BTFC or LTFC group. The most frequently occurring adverse event was conjunctival hyperemia, which was found in 33.3% (n = 10) of the BTFC group and 25.0% (n = 7) of the LTFC group (p = 0.486). CONCLUSIONS: BTFC and LTFC provided a significant reduction in IOP from baseline without changing any anterior ocular parameters. Our results provide a reference for monocular trials to assess the effect of eye drops in a clinical condition.

Diurnal Intraocular Pressure with Bimatoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination versus Latanoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination in Healthy Subjects

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination (BTFC) and a latanoprost/timolol fixed combination (LTFC) on diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior ocular parameters in healthy subjects. METHODS: We enrolled 58 healthy subjects in this prospective clinical study. Thirty subjects were treated with BTFC and 28 subjects were treated with LTFC. IOP was measured every 2 hours except from 01:00 and 05:00. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were obtained using the IOL master at baseline and 24 hours later. Adverse events were assessed by patient interview and by slit lamp examination. RESULTS: The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 8 hours after instillation was 1.67 mmHg in the BTFC group (p < 0.001). The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 10 hours after instillation was 1.93 mmHg in the LTFC group (p < 0.001). For anterior ocular parameters such as axial length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth at baseline and 24 hours after instillation, there were no significant differences between the baseline and 24-hour values in either the BTFC or LTFC group. The most frequently occurring adverse event was conjunctival hyperemia, which was found in 33.3% (n = 10) of the BTFC group and 25.0% (n = 7) of the LTFC group (p = 0.486). CONCLUSIONS: BTFC and LTFC provided a significant reduction in IOP from baseline without changing any anterior ocular parameters. Our results provide a reference for monocular trials to assess the effect of eye drops in a clinical condition.

Efectividad y seguridad de la combinación de brimonidina con timolol para el tratamiento de glaucoma de ángulo abierto y cerrado y de la hipertensión ocular / Effectiveness and safety of the combination of brimonidine and timolol for the treatment of open and closed angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension

Antecedentes: Descripción de la condición de salud de interés: El glaucoma se define como una neuropatía óptica con daño estructural del nervio óptico acompañado de una disfunción visual secundaria. Un daño leve del nervio óptico puede ser asintomático; 50% de los pacientes en países desarrollados con glaucoma pueden no saber que padecen de dicha enfermedad. Sin embargo, conforme la enfermedad avanza los síntomas se instauran y empeoran reduciendo la visión periférica, la sensibilidad al contraste, entre otras funciones propias de la visión, comprometiendo la realización de las actividades diarias y en última instancia, el desarrollo de ceguera. Descripción de la tecnología: El tratamiento farmacológico para el glaucoma busca disminuir la presión intraocular a un nivel que sea seguro para el paciente, disminuyendo la producción de humor acuoso o aumentando la salida del mismo del ojo, con el fin de evitar la aparición de ceguera por glaucoma. Evaluación de efectividad y seguridad: Pregunta de investigación: En pacientes con Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto (GAA) o Cerrado (GAC) o con Presión Intraocular (PIO) elevada, ¿es más efectiva y segura la combinación de brimonidina con timolol, en comparación con brimonidina, timolol, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost o Bimatorprost para reducir la presión intraocular? La pregunta de investigación fue validada teniendo en cuenta las siguientes fuentes de información: registro sanitario INVIMA, Acuerdo 029 de 2011, guías de práctica clínica, reportes de evaluación de tecnologías, revisiones sistemáticas y narrativasd la iteratura, estudios de prevalencia/incidencia y carga de enfermedad, consulta con expertos temáticos, y otros actores clave. prevalencia/incidencia y carga de enfermedad, consulta con expertos temáticos, y otros actores clave. Población: Adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión intraocular, glaucoma de ángulo abierto o de ángulo cerrado. Métodos de síntesis de la evidencia: Para cada comparación y sus respectivos desenlaces (de seguridad y efectividad) se seleccionó el estudio que cumplió con los siguientes criterios: a) disponibilidad de evidencia directa (estudios cabeza a cabeza, con análisis pragmáticos "Intención a Tratar"), b) evidencia de alta calidad, c) no importante heterogeneidad clínica, estadística y metodológica y d) precisión del tamaño del efecto. Conclusiones: Efectividad: La combinación de \r\nbrimonidina con timolol es igual de efectiva a timolol como monoterapia. No se encontraron comparaciones contra brimonidina, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost y bimatoprost. Seguridad: Seguridad: No se encontraron desenlaces de seguridad en el estudio incluido.

Efectividad y seguridad de timolol combinaciones y dorzolamida combinaciones en pacientes con glaucoma de ángulo abierto, glaucoma de ángulo cerrado o presión intraocular elevada / Effectiveness and safety of timolol combinations and dorzolamide combinations in patients with open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure

Introducción: Antecedentes: Descripción de la condición de salud de interés: El glaucoma se define como una neuropatía óptica con daño estructural del nervio óptico acompañado de una disfunción visual secundaria (1). Un daño leve del nervio óptico puede ser asintomático; 50% de los pacientes en países desarrollados con glaucoma pueden no saber que padecen de dicha enfermedad (2-3) . Sin embargo, conforme la enfermedad avanza los síntomas se instauran y empeoran reduciendo la visión periférica, la sensibilidad al contraste, entre otras funciones propias de la visión, comprometiendo la realización de las actividades diarias y en última instancia, el desarrollo de ceguera. Descripción de la tecnología: El tratamiento farmacológico para el glaucoma busca disminuir la presión intraocular a un nivel que sea seguro para el paciente, disminuyendo la producción de humor acuoso o aumentando la salida del mismo del ojo, con el fin de evitar la aparición de ceguera por glaucoma. Evaluación de efectividad y seguridad: Pregunta de investigación: En pacientes con Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto o Cerrado o con Presión Intraocular elevada, ¿es más efectivo y seguro el timolol y dorzolamida en combinaciones en comparación con brimonidina, timolol, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost o bimatoprost para reducir la presión intraocular? La pregunta de investigación fue validada teniendo en cuenta las siguientes fuentes de información: registro sanitario INVIMA, Acuerdo 029 de 2011, guías de práctica clínica, reportes de evaluación de tecnologías, revisiones sistemáticas y narrativas de la literatura, estudios de prevalencia/incidencia y carga de enfermedad, consulta con expertos temáticos, y otros actores clave. Población: Adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión intraocular, glaucoma de ángulo abierto o de ángulo cerrado. Tecnología de interés: \tTimolol y dorzolamida en combinaciones (Timolol con: dorzolamida, latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost. Dorzolamida combinado con Timolol). Conclusiones: Efectividad: en pacientes con presión intraocular o glaucoma de ángulo abierto, timolol en sus combinaciones (travoprost o latanoprost) es más efectivo que los análogos de prostaglandinas solos (latanoprost y travoprost) para la reducción de la presión intra ocular. Asimismo, la combinación de timolol con travoprost, latanoprost y dorzolamida comparado con timolol solo, es más efectiva para la reducción de la presión intraocular. Seguridad: las combinaciones de medicamentos producen más hiperemia conjuntival que el tratamiento con un solo medicamento. No hay evidencia de comparaciones directas entre los medicamentos de interés para definir diferencias respecto a seguridad. La combinación de timolol con bimatoprost fue la que más eventos adversos produjo, comparado con la monoterapia de travoprost, seguido de latanoprost. dorzolamida con timolol es más seguro en comparación con bimatoprost como monoterapia. No se encontró evidencia para otras combinaciones de timolol o dorzolamida.(AU)

Efectividad y seguridad de travoprost para reducción de la presión intraocular en pacientes con glaucoma de ángulo abierto, glaucoma de ángulo cerrado o presión intraocular elevada / Effectiveness and safety of travoprost for reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure

Introducción: Antecedentes: Descripción de la condición de salud de interés: El glaucoma se define como una neuropatía óptica con daño estructural del nervio óptico acompañado de una disfunción visual secundaria (1). Un daño leve del nervio óptico puede ser asintomático; 50% de los pacientes en países desarrollados con glaucoma pueden no saber que padecen de dicha enfermedad (2-3) . Sin embargo, conforme la enfermedad avanza los síntomas se instauran y empeoran reduciendo la visión periférica, la sensibilidad al contraste, entre otras funciones propias de la visión, comprometiendo la realización de las actividades diarias y en última instancia, el desarrollo de ceguera. Descripción de la tecnología: El tratamiento farmacológico para el glaucoma busca disminuir la presión intraocular a un nivel que sea seguro para el paciente, disminuyendo la producción de humor acuoso o aumentando la salida del mismo del ojo, con el fin de evitar la aparición de ceguera por glaucoma. Evaluación de efectividad y seguridad: Pregunta de investigación: En pacientes con Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto o Cerrado o con Presión Intraocular elevada, ¿es más efectivo y seguro el travoprost en comparación con brimonidina, timolol, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost o bimatoprost para reducir la presión intraocular? La pregunta de investigación fue validada teniendo en cuenta las siguientes fuentes de información: registro sanitario INVIMA, Acuerdo 029 de 2011, guías de práctica clínica, reportes de evaluación de tecnologías, revisiones sistemáticas y narrativas de la literatura, estudios de prevalencia/incidencia y carga de enfermedad, consulta con expertos temáticos, y otros actores clave. Criterios de elegibilidad de la evidencia: Criterios de inclusión: Población. Adultos con diagnóstico de hipertensión intraocular, glaucoma de ángulo abierto o de ángulo cerrado. Tecnología de interés: Travoprost. \r\nComparadores: brimonidina, timolol, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost y bimatoprost. Desenlaces: Reducción de la presión intraocular; Eventos adversos. Discusión: Para el tratamiento de glaucoma hay varias opciones terapéuticas, enumeradas anteriormente, y por tanto puede ocurrir que no hayan comparaciones directas entre ciertos tratamientos (comparaciones cabeza a cabeza) y en ocasiones es necesario apoyarse en evidencia indirecta como en los mata-análisis en red. Los resultados de los meta-análisis en red presentados en este reporte difieren en cuanto a la efectividad al comparar travoprost contra timolol, uno reporta una efectividad mayor del travoprost mientras que el otro estudio no reporta diferencias estadísticamente significativas. No obstante otro estudio que reportó esta comparación, apoya una mayor efectividad del travoprost versus timolol. La comparación de latanoprost y travoprost fue reportada por dos estudios y ambos concuerdan en que tiene una efectividad similar. Sin embargo, contra bimatoptost, que es el otro miembro de la familia de los análogos de prostaglandinas, también ha divergencias en cuanto a las conclusiones, sin embargo el meta-análisis que incluyo más estudios primarios da cuenta de una mayor efectividad para el bimatoprost. El tratamiento con travoprost se asocia con mayores eventos adversos, hiperemia conjuntival, que timolol, bimtatoprost y que el latanoprost. A pesar de que es un evento adverso meno, es importante tener en cuenta que dicho evento adverso puede impactar en la adherencia al tratamiento y por ende los pacientes con la presencia de hiperemia conjuntival pueden abandonar el tratamiento. Conclusiones: -Efectividad: travoprost es más efectivo que el timolol para reducir la presión intraocular. No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre travoprost y latanoprost. Entre travoprost y bimatoprost no hay resultados concluyentes sobre diferencias en efectividad. No se identificó evidencia para comparaciones contra brimonidina, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost y bimatoprost; -Seguridad: travoprost tiene una mayor probabilidad de desarrollar hiperemia conjuntival, el cual es un evento secundario menor, cuando se compara frente a timolol, bimatoprost y latanoprost. No se identificó evidencia para comparaciones contra brimonidina, latanoprost, acetazolamida, pilocarpina, betaxolol, tafluprost y bimatoprost.(AU)

Ocular surface evaluation in patients treated with a fixed combination of prostaglandin analogues with 0.5% timolol maleate topical monotherapy: a randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: To compare ocular surface changes induced via glaucoma treatment in patients using fixed combinations of prostaglandin analogues (travoprost, latanoprost and bimatoprost) with 0.5% timolol maleate METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel group, single-blind clinical trial was performed in 33 patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma who had not been previously treated. The ocular surface was evaluated prior to and three months after treatment, with a daily drop instillation of one of the three medications. The main outcome measurements included the tear film break-up time, Schirmer's test, Lissamine green staining, the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, impression cytology using HE and PAS and immunocytochemistry for interleukin-6 and HLA-DR. Ensaiosclinicos.gov.br: UTN - U1111-1129-2872 RESULTS: All of the drugs induced a significant reduction in intraocular pressure. Decreases in the Schirmer's test results were observed with all of the drugs. Decreases in tear-film break-up time were noted with travoprost/timolol and latanoprost/timolol. An increase in the Lissamine green score was noted with travoprost/timolol and bimatoprost/timolol. The Ocular Surface Disease Index score increased after treatment in the travoprost/timolol group. Impression cytology revealed a significant difference in cell-to-cell contact in the same group, an increase in cellularity in all of the groups and an increase in the number of goblet cells in all of the groups. The fixed combinations induced an increase in IL-6 expression in the travoprost/timolol group, in which there was also an increase in HLA-DR expression. CONCLUSIONS: All of the fixed combinations induced a significant reduction in intraocular pressure, and the travoprost/timolol group showed increased expression of the inflammatory markers HLA-DR and interleukin-6. All three tested medications resulted in some degree of deterioration in ...

Avaliação da eficácia do bimatoprosta 0,03% (Glamigan, Germed, Brasil) na redução da pressão intraocular em pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto e hipertensão ocular / Bimatoprost 0,03% (Glamigan, Germed, Brazil) efficacy in intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia do colírio bimatoprosta 0,03% (Glamigan, Germed, Brasil) na redução da pressão intraocular (PIO) em pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA) ou hipertensão ocular (HO), bem como avaliar os efeitos colaterais decorrentes do uso da droga no desenho epidemiológico randomizado, controlado. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados pacientes portadores de GPAA ou HO, acima de 18 anos de idade. Todos os pacientes receberam o colírio Glamigan® como primeira droga a ser introduzida no tratamento, tendo sido utilizada uma gota uma vez ao dia (à noite), e 30 dias após foram submetidos à tonometria de aplanação (Goldmann) para mensuração da PIO. RESULTADOS: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 35 (66 olhos) pacientes portadores de GPAA e HO, sendo 16 do sexo masculino (45,7%) e 19, do feminino (54,3%). A média de idade foi de 66,7 anos, sendo a idade máxima 84 anos. A média de redução da PIO após 30 dias de uso do Glamigan® foi de 6,5mmHg. Em relação aos efeitos colaterais, 17 (26,6%) pacientes referiram hiperemia conjuntival, 10 (15,6%) a dor, 8 (12,5%) o ardor, 5 (7,8%) o prurido ocular e 2 (3,1%) o embaçamento visual. CONCLUSÃO: A medicação Glamigan® foi eficiente na redução da PIO após 30 dias de uso contínuo, na dose de 1x/dia. Acerca dos efeitos colaterais, os mais observados foram hiperemia ocular (26,6%) e dor (15,6%), porém estudos com maior tempo de seguimento dos pacientes se fazem necessários a fim de investigar a importância daqueles na terapia com o Glamigan®.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how much decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) with bimatoprost 0,03% (Glamigan, Germed, Brazil) in patiens with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OH) and possible side effects. Study: Controlled and randomized study. METHODS: There were evaluated 66 eyes of 35 patients with age of 18 years old or more diagnosed with POAG and OH. All the patients had Glamigan® as first drop for treatment used once daily (at night) and 30 days later they had IOP measured by Goldmann tonometry. RESULTS: The study population had 35 (66 eyes) patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OH), 16 male patients (45,7%) and 19 female (54,3%). The mean age was 66,7 years old and the maximum was 84 years old. The mean decrease in IOP was 6,5 mmhg after 30 days using the drops. Seventeen patients had conjunctival redness (26,6%), 10 (15,6%) had pain, 8 (12,5%) had burning, 5 (7,8%) had itch and 2 (3,1%) had blurring vision. CONCLUSION: Glamigan® was efficient when evaluating IOP decrease. The most correlated side effects were conjunctival redness (26,6%) and pain (15,6%). We still need more studies to observe the real importance of those with Glamigan® therapy.

Eficácia da combinação fixa de timolol 0, 5% e brinzolamida 1% no tratamento do glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto e na hipertensão ocular / Efficacy of fixed combination of timolol 10% and Brinzolamide 1% for primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia e conforto dos pacientes portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA) ou hipertensão ocular (HO) em uso da combinação fixa de timolol 0,5% e brinzolamida 1%. MÉTODOS: Foram acompanhados prospectivamente 26 pacientes portadores de GPAA ou HO, num total de 50 olhos que foram instituídos a utilizarem a combinação fixa de timolol 0,5% e brinzolamida 1%. As avaliações foram feitas por um único examinador por tonometria de aplanação (Goldman) em 7 e 30 dias. Os possíveis efeitos colaterais e intolerância foram descritos pelos próprios pacientes através da pergunta: "Você sentiu alguma alteração ao pingar a medicação prescrita?" Os dados foram coletados e analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Os valores de pressão intraocular (PIO) foram significativamente menores nas avaliações de 7 e 30 dias (p<0,001). A média da redução da PIO foi de 38%, variando de uma média inicial de 23,8 mmHg para 14,6 e 14,4 mmHg nos dias 7 e 30, respectivamente. Dos 26 pacientes incluídos apenas 4 relataram alguma queixa ao pingar o colírio, sendo que as queixas variaram de ardência, leve queimação e embaçamento. CONCLUSÃO: A combinação fixa de timolol 0,5% e brinzolamida 1% mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com GPAA e HO com eficácia semelhante a da literatura e apresentou um baixo índice de efeitos desconfortáveis relatados pelos usuários da medicação.

OBJETICVE: To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of timolol 0,5% and brinzolamide 1% fixed combination in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OH). METHODS: 50 eyes of 26 patients with POAG or OH were evaluated with topical therapy with fixed combination of timolol 0.5% and brinzolamide 1%.The measurements with Goldmann tonometry were applied by only one ophthalmologist after 7 and 30 days on medication. The side effects were described by the patient based on the following question: "Did you feel any alteration with the prescribed drops?" The data were collected and analized statistically. RESULTS: The intraocular pressure (IOP) was lower in 7 and 30 days (p<0.001).The mean reduction in IOP was 38% with a variation from 23,8 mmhg to 14.6 and 14.4 mmhg in 7 and 30 days. Four patients had side effects: burning and blurring vision were related. CONCLUSION: the fixed combination of timolol 0.5% and brinzolamide 1% had good results with lower IOP in the treatment of patients with POAG and OH just like in the literature and had few side effects.

Role of latanoprost in the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of Latanoprost in lowering intraocular pressure [IOP] in primary open angle glaucoma [POAG] patients. Prospective, open- label, Observational Study. This study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post-graduate Medical Centre, Karachi from February 2008 to July 2008. Thirty patients of POAG were enrolled and were treated with Latanoprost 0.005% eye drops for 12 weeks. The parameter examined was IOP by using Goldmann applanation tonometer. The results have been expressed as mean +/- SEM. The mean IOP of both eyes decreased significantly [from 27.16 +/- 0.19 mmHg to 17.94 +/- 0.23 mmHg; p<0.001]. The average percentage reduction in IOP was -33.94% from week 0 to week 12. Latanoprost 0.005% eye drops may become an important choice as a monotherapy for primary open angle glaucoma patients

Anterior Chamber Configuration Changes after Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle width induced by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with glaucoma, using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). METHODS: Eleven eyes of 11 patients with angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) and 12 eyes of 12 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Using AS-OCT, ACD and angle parameters were measured before and 2 days after surgery. Change in intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of ocular hypotensive drugs were evaluated. RESULTS: After surgery, central ACD and angle parameters increased significantly in eyes with glaucoma (p < 0.05). Prior to surgery, mean central ACD in the ACG group was approximately 1.0 mm smaller than that in the OAG group (p < 0.001). Post surgery, mean ACD of the ACG group was still significantly smaller than that of the OAG group. No significant differences were found in angle parameters between the ACG and OAG groups. In the ACG group, postoperative IOP at the final visit was significantly lower than preoperative IOP (p = 0.018) and there was no significant change in the number of ocular hypotensive medications used, although clinically, patients required fewer medications. In the OAG group, the IOP and number of ocular hypotensive drugs were almost unchanged after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The ACD and angle width in eyes with glaucoma increased significantly after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Postoperative ACD significantly differed between the ACG and OAG groups, whereas angle parameters did not differ.

Estudo sobre os fatores relacionados a interrupção do tratamento do glaucoma / Study of the factors related to stop the treatment of glaucoma

OBJETIVO: Identificar causas relacionadas com a não aderência ao tratamento do glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto e sugerir meios para posteriormente minimizá-las. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário a pacientes portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto no Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, escolhidos aleatoriamente, para avaliação dos fatores relacionados com a interrupção do tratamento. Para isso, utilizou-se uma análise univariada, pelo teste exato de Fisher, e considerou estatisticamente significativo p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A partir do questionário, identificou-se dois subgrupos, um que já havia interrompido o tratamento e outro que nunca o havia interrompido, compostos por 25 e 11 pacientes respectivamente. Estes grupos foram comparados entre si e todos os parâmetros analisados. O custo dos medicamentos (p=0,001) e o fator esquecimento (p=0,007) foram estatisticamente relevantes para a interrupção do tratamento da doença. As demais variáveis testadas não obtiveram significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: O custo dos medicamentos e o fator esquecimento foram os fatores mais importantes para interrupção do tratamento.

The objective was to identify causes related to noncompliance of primary open-angle glaucoma and suggest ways to minimize them later. A questionnaire was given to patients with primary open angle glaucoma in Hospital Gaffrée Guinle, chosen randomly, to assess factors related to discontinuation of treatment. For this we used a univariate analysis by Fisher's exact test and considered statistically significant p <0.05. From the questionnaire, we identified two sub-groups, who had stopped treatment and another who had never stopped for 25 compounds and 11 patients respectively. These groups were compared, and all parameters examined. The cost of drugs (p = 0.001) and forgetting factor (p = 0.007) were statistically significant for discontinuation of treatment of disease. The other variables tested did not achieve statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The cost of drugs and forgetting to take medication were the factors most important to withholding treatment.

Análise discriminante dos pacientes portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto através do exame de Doppler colorido e do campo visual / Discriminant analysis of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma by color Doppler exam and visual field

OBJETIVO: Determinar se as variáveis obtidas com exame Doppler colorido associadas às de campo visual são capazes de discriminar olhos normais de olhos glaucomatosos. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados prospectivamente 36 pacientes portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto em uso de medicação antiglaucomatosa (grupo glaucoma) e 20 voluntários normais (grupo controle). Analisou-se a distribuição dos grupos quanto ao sexo, idade, espessura corneana central, pressão intraocular, índices globais da perimetria computadorizada Octopus ("mean defect" e "loss variance") e os parâmetros do Doppler colorido (velocidade sistólica máxima e índice de resistência). RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos em relação à idade, espessura corneana e pressão intraocular. A análise discriminante mostrou que as variáveis: índice de resistência (IR) da artéria ciliar curta posterior (ACCP), "mean defect" (MD) e "loss variance" (LV) apresentaram influência estatisticamente significativa para o diagnóstico positivo de glaucoma. A função discriminante obtida foi: -3,637 + 0,109 MD + 0,028 LV + 4,325 IR ACCP. A probabilidade do diagnóstico positivo do glaucoma a partir do "score" -1,61 foi de 90 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível identificar através da análise discriminante, quais das variáveis do Doppler colorido que, associados às do campo visual, permitiram diferenciar pacientes glaucomatosos de normais. Essas variáveis foram: índice de resistência da artéria ciliar curta posterior e índices da perimetria computadorizada "mean defect" e "loss variance".

PURPOSE: To determine if variables from color Doppler and visual field exam could discriminate normal from glaucomatous eyes. METHODS: Prospectively, 36 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (glaucoma group) and 20 normal volunteers (control group) were studied. Gender, age, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, Octopus automated perimetry global indices (mean defect and loss variance) and several parameters of the color Doppler (peak systolic velocity and resistivity index) were compared between groups. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in age, central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure. Discriminant analysis showed that the variables: resistivity index (RI) in the short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA), mean defect (MD) and loss variance (LV) had presented significant influence for the positive diagnosis of glaucoma. The gotten discriminant function was: -3.637 + 0.109 x MD + 0.028 x LV + 4.325 x RI SPCA. Considering score -1.61, the probability of positive diagnosis of glaucoma was 90 percent. CONCLUSION: Through discriminant analysis it was possible to identify which of the color Doppler variables that associated to the visual field variables allowed differentiate normal from glaucomatous patients. These variables were: resistivity index in the short posterior ciliary artery, and the visual field variables, mean defect and loss variance.

Avaliação do comportamento da pressão intraocular em pacientes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto assimétrico submetidos ao teste provocativo da ibopamina / Evaluation of the intraocular pressure behavior in patients with assimetric primary open-angle glaucoma submitted to ibopamine provocative test

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da ibopamina a 2 por cento tópica e comparar a variação na pressão intraocular (PIO) em olhos com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto assimétrico (GPAA). MÉTODOS: Quinze pacientes (30 olhos) com GPAA com evolução assimétrica da neuropatia entre os dois olhos, onde comparamos em cada paciente a resposta a ibopamina e o defeito perimétrico, caracterizado por uma diferença de pelo menos 5dB de MD entre os olhos. O teste estatístico utilizado foi o t Student bicaudal e para significância estatística estabeleceu-se p <0,05. RESULTADOS: Em 80 por cento dos casos, (12/15 pacientes) o olho mais afetado pelo defeito perimétrico apresentou um aumento da PIO e/ou uma variaçã da PIO pós-ibopamina maior, sendo o resultado estatisticamente significativo (p<0,0001 e p = 0,0006), respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo mostrou que o defeito perimétrico no GPAA é significativamente relacionado com a positividade do teste de ibopamina sendo que olhos com maior defeito no campo visual apresentam maiores picos de PIO (max-PIO) pós-ibopamina e/ou uma maior variação em relação a sua PIO prévia ao teste (v-PIO).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the topic 2 percent ibopamine effect in the intraocular pressure (IOP) of eyes with assimetric primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: 15 patients (30 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma showing assimetric nerve disease evolution were assessed. We compared in all patients, the ibopamine response and the visual field defect between both eyes. The visual field, to be considered, should have at least 5 dB in MD difference between them. The statistical analysis was done with the Two-Tailed Student Test, with a Statistics significance of p<0.05. RESULTS: In 80 percent of the cases, (12/15 patients), the most affected eye in the visual field presented a greater variation and/or higher intraocular pressure after the ibopamine provocative test. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.00001 and p= 0.0006) respectively. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the visual field defect in GPAA is significantly connected with the positivity of the ibopamine test. The most affected eyes in the visual field presented a higher intraocular pressure (max-PIO) and/or a greater variation (v-PIO) after the ibopamine provocativetest.