Analysis of homicidal deaths in and around Bastar region of Chhattisgarh.

FREEDOM FROM VIOLENCE, not necessarily proportional with development in some basic capabilities like nutrition, longevity and literacy which positively related to economic growth. So, dealing with violence in society is intrinsically a matter of public interest. In present study 79 cases of homicidal deaths due to different mechanical injuries was studied in two year period from 1/1/2009 to 31/12/2010. The incidence of homicidal death was 9.13% during this period. Males affected more in comparison to females. Majority of cases were fall in 21-40 yrs. of age comprising 50 cases (63.28%).Injuries by blunt weapons commonly observed in 30 cases (37.97%) which followed by injuries by sharp weapons 19 cases (24.05%). Totally 329 sharp injuries observed in comparison to 152 blunt injuries. Incidences were prevalent at dense forest area 26 cases (32.91%), in married persons 55 cases (69.62%), in between 6 pm to 12 midnight 24 cases (30.37%) and revenge was main motive 23 cases (29.11%).

A study of homicidal deaths by mechanical injuries in Surat, Gujarat.

Violence has been always an integral part of the human civilization since its inception. Human beings have been progressively become expert in producing various type of weapons both for offensive and defensive purposes. This study was aimed to evaluate the mechanical injuries in homicidal cases of different motives and also to find out the most vulnerable portion of the body so as to minimize the loss of human life and common weapon used in such cases. The present study was carried out on 166 cases of homicidal deaths due to mechanical injuries during the year 2004 -05. Incidence of homicidal death due to mechanical injuries was averagely 83 cases per year. Mechanical injuries were quite common in homicidal deaths involving 130 males and 36 female victims. Majority of victims were in the age group of 21-40 years include 104 cases (62.65%). Stab injuries were commonly seen on the abdomen and chest due to sharp cutting weapons. Blunt force was the most commonly employed method in 80 cases (48.19%). Incidence of firearm was quite rare. Lungs were commonly involved internal organ. Male group was dominant over female group in defensive mechanism.

Homicides by sharp weapons.

In the present society, which is gradually becoming over democratic it is natural that old values of sanctity of life changes and personality problems develop due to consequent stress of life. This ultimately results in violence. Killing of a human being is one of the most serious or major crimes. Since very long time, different judicial authority to prevent crime and its further occurrence framed laws. The laws were made according to the religious make up of the society but later the laws were according to the emperor’s own convenience. In spite of all these, there has been a phenomenal rise in the incidence of homicide all over the world and also in India. The study was conducted on 200 alleged cases of homicides. The incidence of homicidal deaths was observed as 13.03% with male preponderance and the commonest age affected was 21 to 40 yrs. Out of different weapons used to inflict the injuries on dead bodies of homicides, 31(10.88%) sharp cutting weapons were used. Incised wounds were present maximum 38(29.69%) on head and face. Defence wounds were present in 72(36%) of homicide deaths.

Medicolegal study of mechanical injuries in culpable homicides (excluding deaths due to rash and negligent act).

Trend of homicides by different means keeps on changing with the passage of time and development in different parts of the world. A study was conducted on 200 alleged cases of homicides (excluding deaths due to rash and negligent act). Different profiles from demographic and medicolegal aspects were evaluated. The incidence of homicidal deaths was observed as 12.03%, with male preponderant (82.5%) and the commonest age affected was 21 to 40 yrs (51.5%). Rural population was mainly affected. The blunt weapon (50.88%) was commonly used to inflict the injuries and 'abrasion' was the commonest manifestation (32.73%). The defence wounds were present in 36% cases. Head was the main seat of injury (13.65%). The cause of death in most cases was hemorrhage and shock (31.5%), followed by injury to brain (28.5%). Only 16% cases of these received hospital care. This necessitates the prompt medical care to be provided in the 'Golden Hour' to save valuable human life. Police patrolling for early detection of crime and shifting of injured to hospital/critical care center and provision of prompt ambulance service by state/ private hospital/ NGO's for medical care.

Las muertes violentas: aspectos epidemiológicos / Violent deaths: epidemiologic aspects

El autor hace un análisis de las muertes violentas en Venezuela. En el año 1984 hubo. 10.493 muertes debidas a accidentes, homicidios y suicidios esto representa el 13.3% y el segundo lugar de la mortalidad total del país en ese año. En el trienio 1982-84 las tasas de accidentes de tránsito, homicidio y suicidios fueron de 28.4, 11.4 y 4.7 respectivamente. En relación fueron: Accidentes de tránsito: Hombres 46.0, Mujeres 1.04, Homicidios: Hombres 21.0. Mujeres 1.8, Suicidios Hombres 7.4, Mujeres 2.0. En general la zona Andina y el Estado Mérida en particular tienen la mayor frecuencia de muertes violentas y la zona oriental, en especial el Estado Sucre la menor incidencia

Mortes violentas em menores de 15 anos no Brasil / Violent deaths in children under 15 years in Brazil

A introduçäo no Brasil, na década de 1970, de um atestado de óbito nacional uniforme possibilitou a coleta de dados de mortalidade em todo o país. Objetiva-se examinar as mortes em menores de 15 anos por causas externas (mortes acidentais, homicídios e suicídios) indicadas por estes dados e por outras fontes, objetivando ajudar a encontrar meios de evitar tais mortes. Um aspecto chave sobre as mortes por causas externas é que sua participaçäo, com relaçäo ao índice total de mortalidade, tende a ser específica cada cidade. Dentro das faixas etárias brasileiras consideradas (0 a 15 anos), por exemplo, as causas externas teriam sido responsáveis por 0,5, 7, 29 e 39% das mortes de crianças de menos de um ano, de 1 a 4 anos, de 5 a 9 anos e de 10 a 14 anos, respectivamente. Verificou-se também que um número consideravelmente maior dessas mortes tende a ocorrer entre meninos do que entre meninas, com um coeficiente de casos fatais do sexo masculino sobre o feminino de 1,73:1 em 1979. Em termos gerais, em 1979, a criança média brasileira parecia estar exposta a cerca de duas possibilidades em 10 000 de morrer por causas externas - taxa que parece elevada em comparaçäo com a observada em alguns outros países. Quanto às causas específicas, correspondeu aos acidentes a maior parte dessas mortes (76,6%), representando os homicídios 2,8%, os suicídios 0,8% e as mortes por causas externas "näo especificadas" 19,7%. Os acidentes envolvendo veículos motorizados representaram mais de um terço (3 064) das mortes acidentais em menores de 15 anos imputadas a causas específicas. Afogamentos acidentais (1 282 mortes), fogo (508 mortes), quedas (179 mortes), ingestäo ou aspiraçäo de alimentos ou objetos (263 mortes) e sufocamento mecânico (167 mortes) representaram grande parcela da mortalidade pelas demais classes de acidentes. Esses dados indicam, entre outras coisas, a necessidade ...

Accidentes y otras violencias / Accidents and other violences

Las muertes por accidentes representan la cuarta causa de muerte en los años 1980-81. Entre las formas de accidentes se destaca los de vehículos a motor, siguiendo en importancia las caídas y ahogamientos. El valor de la tasa de mortalidad por accidentes viene descendiendo através de los años. A hacer un análisis del incremento del parque automotor, comparando las tasas con otros países, se llega a la conclusión que no hay una clara asociación con este factor, ni con el nivel de desarrollo socio-económico. La muerte por suicidios, la cual presenta notorio subregistro, se concentra a partir de los 20 años, diferenciándose por sexo. Por causa de la información disponible no es posible identificar muertes por accidentes de trabajo. Debido a la diversidad de causas, es dificil establecer lineas generales de acción, a pesar de lo cual se trabaja en la educación preventiva y en la preparación y equipamiento adecuado para atender emergencias provocadas por accidentes