Intracranial Hypertension and Intra-abdominal Pressure. Is it Worth Measuring?

Patients with refractory intracranial hypertension who have already undergone all the measures recommended by the current guidelines can benefit from having their intraabdominal pressure monitored since its increase generates hemodynamic repercussions and secondary elevation of intracranial pressure. In this context, a bibliographic research was performed on PubMed with the terms intra-abdominal pressure, abdominal compartment syndrome, intracranial pressure, intracranial hypertension. Altogether, 146 articles were observed, 87 of which were from the year 2000, and only 15 articles were considered relevant to the topic. These studies indicate that patients with refractory intracranial hypertension can benefit fromthe measurement of intraabdominal pressure, since there is evidence that an increase in this pressure leads to organic dysfunctions with an indirect impact on cerebral venous return and, consequently, an increase in intracranial pressure. In thosewho underwent decompression laparotomy, direct effectswere observed in reducing intracranial hypertension and survival.

Cirugía de control de daños abdominopélvica. Experiencia en un hospital de 3er Nivel / Abdominopelvic damage control surgery

La cirugía de control de daños (CCD), surge con el afán de mejorar los pobres resultados obtenidos con el abordaje quirúrgico tradicional en traumatismos abdominales graves y exanguinantes en pacientes críticos con escasa reserva fisiológica. Se define con una "cirugía por etapas", con un primer tiempo quirúrgico corto para controlar el sangrado y la contaminación con cierre temporario abdominal, seguido de un período de reanimación en unidad de cuidados intensivos y, finalmente, de reparación definitiva de las lesiones. Se revisaron las histrias clínicas de 41 pacientes sometidos a éste tipo de cirugía en el período comprendido entre marzo de 2011 y octubre de 2017 en el Hospital Municipal de Urgencias de la ciudad de Córdoba, 29 hombres y 12 mujeres, en cuanto al mecanismo lesional 23 casos fueron por trauma cerrado y 18 penetrantes. La edad promedio fue de 30 años, 28 pacientes presentaron lesiones asociadas, siendo las más frecuentes las torácicas en 14 pacientes y la mortalidad global de la serie del 41% (17 pacientes). El grupo etario involucrado, la distribución por sexo, y la mortalidad de nuestra serie no difiere de la bibliografía consultada

Damaage control surgery (CCD) arises with the aim of imporving the poor results obtained with the traditional surgical approach in severe and exanguinating abdominal trauma in critically ill patients with scarce physiological reserve. It is defined as a "step surgery", with a short surgical first time to control bleeding and contamination with temporary abdominal closure, followed by a period of resuscitation in the intensive care unit and, finally, definitive repair of the injuries. We revierwed the medical rcords of 41 patients undergoing this type of surgery in the period between arch 2011 and October 2017 at the Municipal Emergenci Hospital of the city of Córdoba, 29 men and 12 women, regarding the mechanism of injury 23 cases were due to closed trauma and 18 penetrating. The average age was 30 years, 28 patients had associated injuries, the most frequent being thoracic in 14 patients and the overall mortality of the series of 41% (17 patients). The age group involved, the distributin by sex, and the mortality of our series does not differ from the bibliography consulted

O enfermeiro frente à mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal: revisão de literatura / The nurse in the measurement of intra-abdominal pressure: literature review

Estudo que objetivou levantar na literatura a técnica de mensuração da pressão intra-abdominal. Revisão bibliográfica de livros e artigos a partir das bases SciELO e MEDLlNE no período de 2004 a 2011. Os resultados apresentaram três vias de mensuração: a intravesical, intraperitoneal e gástrica. O método intravesical por sua fácil execução e vasta aplicabilidade foi caracterizado como técnica universal. Observou-se a importância da realização de estudos posteriores que possam padronizar esta técnica pela enfermagem.

Study aimed to raise the technical literature for measuring intra-abdominal pressure. Literature review was the methodology, consulting books and articles from SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and MEDLlNE (U. S. National Library of Medicine's® (NLM) database from 2004 to 2011. Results showed three measuring ways, namely intravesical, intraperitoneal, and gastric. Intravesical method was characterized as a universal technique, because of its easy implementation and wide applicability. Offering greater security to professionals at its execution time.

Estudio tuvo como objetivo elevar la literatura técnica para la medición de la presión intraabdominal. Metodología de la revisión de la literatura de libros y artículos de SciELO y MEDLlNE desde 2004 a 2011. Los resultados mostraron tres formas de medir la intravesical, intraperitoneal, y el estómago. E método intravesical debido a su fácil implementación y una amplia aplicación se caracterizó por ser una técnica universal. Se señaló la importancia del estudio, que ofrece una mayor seguridad aios profesionales a la hora de ejecutarlo.

Can selection of mechanical ventilation mode prevent increased intra-abdominal pressure in patients admitted to the intensive care unit?

Increased intra-abdominal pressure [IAP] results in dysfunction of vital organs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical ventilation mode on IAP. In a cohort study, a total of 60 patients aged 20-70 years who were admitted to the ICU and underwent mechanical ventilation were recruited. Mechanical ventilation included one of the three modes: Biphasic positive airway pressure [BIPAP] group, synchronize intermittent mandatory ventilation [SIMV] group, or continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP] group. For each patient, mechanical ventilation mode and its parameters, blood pressure, SpO2, and status of tube feeding and IAP were recorded. Our findings indicate that the study groups were not significantly different in terms of anthropometric characteristics including age [64.5 +/- 4, P = 0.1], gender [male/female 31/29, P = 0.63], and body mass index [24 +/- 1.2, P = 0.11]. Increase IAP was related to the type of respiratory mode with the more increased IAP observed in SIMV mode, followed by BIPAP and CPAP modes [P = 0.01]. There were significant correlations between increased IAP and respiratory variables including respiratory rate, pressure support ventilation, and inspiratory pressure [P < 0.05]. Tube feeding tolerance through NG-tube was lower in SIMV group, followed by BIPAP and CPAP groups [P < 0.05]. There is a significant relationship between respiratory modes and IAP; therefore, it is better to utilize those types of mechanical ventilation like CPAP and BIPAP mode in patients who are prone to Intra-abdominal hypertension