Tratamento cirurgico e terapias adjuvantes na papilomatose respiratoria / Surgical treatment and adjuvant therapies of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Papilomatose respiratória recorrente ou papilomatose laríngea recorrente é uma doença da laringe, causada pelo papiloma vírus humano, caracterizada por lesões epiteliais verrucosas e, geralmente, recorrentes. Na literatura são descritos diversos tipos de tratamento, como cirurgia a frio, a laser e/ou uso de microdebridador, além das terapias adjuvantes; todas no sentindo de diminuir possíveis sequelas permanentes da doença. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito desta doença com ênfase nas técnicas cirúrgicas e terapias adjuvantes mais utilizadas atualmente. MÉTODO: Utilizou-se a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica, por meio de levantamentos em base de dados eletrônicos de domínio público, entre 1992-2012, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: papiloma, infecções por papillomavírus, laringe, terapêutica, vacinas contra papillomavírus. RESULTADOS: Foram levantados 357 artigos, dos quais 49 foram usados como base para esta revisão. Os trabalhos científicos apontam para a redução de recidiva na maioria das terapêuticas adjuvantes. Entretanto, o levantamento demonstrou metodologias e amostras diferentes, o que não permitiu comparar os tipos de tratamento e de terapias adjuvantes. CONCLUSÃO: A escolha da técnica cirúrgica varia entre os autores, porém, há uma tendência atual ao uso do microdebridador. As terapias adjuvantes recentes, como cidofovir, vacina tetravalente contra o papiloma vírus humano e bevacizumab, necessitam de estudos mais amplos. .

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis or recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is a disease of the larynx caused by human papilloma virus, characterized by verrucous epithelial lesions and usually recurring. In the literature there are several types of treatment, such as surgery to cold, laser and/or use of microdebrider, as of adjuvant therapies; all possible to decrease the permanent sequelae of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature regarding this disease with emphasis on surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies used today. METHOD: We used the literature review, through surveys based electronic data in the public domain, to search for articles between 1992-2012, using keywords: papilloma, human pappiloma virus infection, larynx, therapeutic, papilloma virus vaccine. RESULTS: We surveyed 357 articles, of which 49 were used as the basis for this review. Scientific studies indicate a reduction of relapse in most adjuvant therapeutic presented. However, the survey showed different methodologies and samples, which did not allow to compare the types of treatment and adjuvant therapies. CONCLUSION: The choice of surgical technique varies among studies, but there is a trend to use the microdebrider. The newer adjuvant therapies, such as cidofovir, quadrivalent vaccine against human papilloma virus and bevacizumab, require further studies. .

Laryngeal sequelae of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis surgery in children

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate laryngeal sequelae from surgical treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children, as well as associated risk factors. METHODS: Case-control study. Medical record data analysis of 50 children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, divided into two groups: with and without laryngeal sequelae. The group of patients with laryngeal sequelae was compared to those without sequelae in regard to the onset of disease, age at first surgery, number and frequency of surgeries, disease stage, and type of surgery (CO2 laser, cold forceps). RESULTS: 23 patients (46%) sustained laryngeal sequelae. The most frequent sequela was anterior commissure synechia (17 patients [34%]), followed by glottic stenosis (six patients [12%]). There was no statistically significant difference between groups with and without laryngeal sequelae regarding the disease onset (p = 0.93), age at first surgery (p = 0.68), number of surgeries (p = 0.22), annual frequency of surgery (p = 0.93), presence of papilloma in anterior (p = 0.430) or posterior commissure (p = 0.39), and type of surgery (p = 0.27). The Derkay anatomical score (a staging system that assesses the extent of the disease in the aerodigestive tract) was significantly higher in the laryngeal sequelae group (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Laryngeal sequelae are a frequent complication of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis surgical treatment in children, particularly anterior commissure synechiae and glottic stenosis. Advanced stages are associated with increased risk of laryngeal sequelae after surgery.

Anestesia e infección respiratoria alta en el niño

La evaluación de un niño programado para cirugía que presenta o tuvo una infección respiratoria alta reciente, es muy frecuente en la práctica clínica. Es aceptado que estos niños pueden tener complicaciones respiratorias, por lo que la práctica común es cancelar la cirugía y reprogramar de 4 a 6 semanas después. Las diferentes modificaciones en la técnica anestésica disminuyen la posibilidad de complicaciones pero no la eliminan. La decisión de realizar el procedimiento o diferirlo debe ser tomada por los padres del paciente, el anestesiólogo y el cirujano