Humberto Fernández-Morán (1924-1999) a pioneer in electron ultra-cryomicroscopy / Humberto Fernández-Morán (1924-1999) pionero en ultracriomicroscopía electrónica

SUMMARY: Humberto Fernández-Morán (1924-1999) a Venezuelan physician and biophysicist research, who developed the diamond knife. Furthermore he focused on improving the mechanical performance, accuracy and reliability of mocrotomes and ultramicrotomes which significantly advanced the development of electromagnetic lenses for electron microscopy based on superconducting technology. Promoter and founded of the Venezuelan Institute for Neurological and Brain Studies. He was a pioneer in electron ultra-cryomicroscopy field. Fernández-Morán taught and researched in University of Stockholm, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Massachussetts General Hospital and the University of Chicago. He worked with NASA for the Apollo project in the field of physic-chemical analysis of lunar rocks.

RESUMEN: Humberto Fernández-Morán (1924-1999) médico venezolano e investigador biofísico, quien desarrolló el cuchillo de diamante. Además, se centró en mejorar el rendimiento mecánico, la precisión y la fiabilidad de los micrótomos y ultramicrótomos, lo que avanzó significativamente en el desarrollo de lentes electromagnéticos para microscopía electrónica basados en tecnología superconductora. Promotor y fundador del Instituto Venezolano de Estudios Neurológicos y Cerebrales. Fue pionero en el campo de la ultracriomicroscopía electrónica. Fernández-Morán enseñó e investigó en la Universidad de Estocolmo, el Instituto Tecnológico de Massachusetts, la Universidad de Harvard, el Hospital General de Massachussets y la Universidad de Chicago. Trabajó con la NASA para el proyecto Apollo en el campo del análisis físico-químico de rocas lunares.

Tribute to Theodor Kocher: Far Beyond an Anatomical Reference

We know Kocher's name as an anatomical reference in neurosurgery. In fact, Theodor Kocher was a Swiss general surgeon, and his contributions were such that Kocher was honored in 1909 with the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, and he was the first surgeon to receive this honor. Kocher participated in the initial scientific phase of medicine, livingwith names that are in history, as well as him; Langenbeck and Virchow, Lucke, Billroth, Horsley, Lister, Halstedt, Pasteur, Osler, Lawson Tait, Verneuil, and a long list and other icons of the time. The present account rescues the many important facets and contributions of the Swiss surgeonTheodor Kocher, and his relationship with several of them. Kocher's memory, surgical instruments and literary production are preserved in a small wing of the University of Bern. The present article highlights how intense Kocher's dedication to the medical field was.

Apuntes históricos de la práctica de la Oftalmología en Matanzas / Historical notes about Ophthalmology' practice in Matanzas

Se narran los sucesos históricos más relevantes de la práctica de la especialidad de Oftalmología en la provincia de Matanzas y los relacionados con la formación de profesionales a partir de la década del 70 del siglo XX. Al utilizar el método de la narración histórica, se propició la reflexión sobre los propios acontecimientos y su relación con el contexto socio-económico al momento en que estos se produjeron; destacándolos como los antecedes y factores favorecedores del desarrollo de la Oftalmología en Matanzas. Este trabajo se realizó no sólo para narrar de manera cronológica la historia desde los inicios y creciente práctica local de la especialidad, sino también, como a manera de testimonio para las actuales y futuras generaciones, de cómo tributaron los profesionales, las instituciones y los propios eventos, al avance científico y al impacto social de la especialidad en Matanzas. Se concluye, que el comienzo del esplendor de la práctica de la Oftalmología en la provincia de Matanzas, se enmarca a la década del 70 del siglo pasado; y a los inicios del siglo XXI al de mayor desarrollo acumulado. Todo este salto de calidad en el tiempo y en el espacio, ha sido posible, gracias a las políticas de salud y educacionales implementadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del país (AU).

The authors recount the most relevant historical facts of the Ophthalmology practice in the province of Matanzas and those related to professionals´ training from the seventies of the XX century. Using the method of historical recount helped the reflection on the proper facts and their relation to the socio-economic context at the moment they took place, highlighting them as antecedents and factor favoring the development of Ophthalmology in Matanzas. The current paper was written not only to recount in a chronological way the history from the beginning and growing local practice of the specialty, but also as a testimony for the current and future generations to know how the professionals, institutions and events contributed to the scientific advance and to the social impact of the specialty in Matanzas. It is concluded that the beginning of the splendor of Ophthalmology practice in the province of Matanzas falls within the decade of the seventies of the past century, and the beginning of the XXI century is the time of the bigger accumulated development. All this quality jump in the time and space has been possible thanks to health and educational politics implemented by the Ministry og Public Health of the country (AU).

Homenaje a la escuela Finochietto: Ricardo Finochietto en la sociedad Argentina de proctología / Homage to the Finochietto's school: Ricardo Finochietto in the proctology society of Argentina

El 4 de Septiembre de 1942 se funda la Sociedad Argentina de Proctología con la presidencia de Carlos Bonorino Udaondo. En su primera sesión científica se invita a la Escuela Finochietto en la persona de Ricardo Finochietto a pronunciar una conferencia. Ricardo Finochietto elige la presentación del rectosigmoideoscopio gigante de Enrique Finochietto, un instrumento emblema de la escuela. Se presenta el texto original y los dibujos primogenios tal cual fueron publicados en el Volumen N° 1 de la primera edición de la Revista Argentina de Proctología.

The Proctology Society of Argentina was created on September 4th 1942. The first president was Carlos Bonorino Udaondo. Ricardo Finochietto was invited to deliver a lecture at the first cientific session. He presented the giant rectoscope, a typical instrument of the Surgical Finochietto's School. Here are the original text and pictures exactly as they were published in volume number 1 in the first edition of the Argentina Proctology Journal.

Rufus, Oribase y Pablo de Egina: continuación / Rufus, Oribase and Pablo de Egina: continuation

Continuación del artículo presentado en la edición anterior de la revista. Se expresan las terapéuticas utilizadas por Oribase y Pablo de Engina relatando tratamientos que aún tienen vigencia

Evolution of surgery--śuśrta's innovative skills.

Surgery and Medicine are inseparably fused today as essential parts of the art of heeling. Over the millennia of recorded history, Medicine and Surgery have followed separate and largely independent evolutionary pertains. It is obvious that medical care could not have been complete without some surgery in ancient times. This branch of medical skill was not accepted as profession. The practitioners were members of all low caste, who were illiterates and passed on their knowledge by oral tradition rather than in writing. The barbers are celebrity surgeons in ancient India and continued till the recent past it is evident by Pandyan inscriptions of Tamilnadu of 7th-8th centuries A.D. The barbers were also the surgeons in ancient and medieval Europe. śuśrta, a great ancient Indian Surgeon, who is regarded as father of the surgery, designed surgical equipment with innovative vision and described many surgical procedures, which laid basis for many advanced technologies in this field.

Neuroclipe Vicca: a história de um clipe brasileiro para tratamento de aneurismas intracranianos / Clips for intracranial aneurysm: the history of the Vicca clip developed in Brazil

O alto custo dos clipes importados para cirurgias de aneurismas e a dificuldade em obtê-los no mercado internacional motivou a idealização de um clipe nacional, para suprir as necessidades do neurocirurgião brasileiro. Em 1982, estimulados e orientados por diversos neurocirurgiões da cidade de Porto Alegre, em especial os Drs. Mario Cademartori e Nelson Pires Ferreira, produzimos o primeiro neuroclipe Vicca. A história da evolução desses clipes é narrada neste artigo.

Controvérsias do fórcipe / Controversys of the forceps

Este trabalho inicia com uma síntese histórica do fórceipe, dividia em dois períodos - empírico e científico -, limitados pela contribuiçäo de Levret, 1747. Emseguida, se discutem as contravérsias do instrumento, sob diversos aspectos. Quanto ao aspecto do conceito do fórcipe atual - baixo e médio-baixo -, cita as opiniöes de De Lee, Dennen, Jeffcoat, Melki e Bordalo. Ressalta a controvérsia entre alguns autores quanto às relaçöes do diâmetro biparietal, sutura sagital e moldagem cefálica com os planos do canal de parto, importantes às condiçöes de acesibilidade à cabeça fetal. Diante de assinclitismos acentuados e sinais de cavalgamento dos parietais, é contra-indicado o fórcipe. Respondendo à pergunta - quando usar? -. o momento que o operador deve e pode intervir, é aquele que sua consciência manda. A espera do término do parto tem limites e o fórcipe é útil à profilaxia do sofrimento fetal e estafa materna. Näo existe a principal funçäo. Excluindo a maléfica e obsoleta funçäo de rotaçäo, preensäo e traçäo ou conduçäo se interagem e se harmonizam. A escolha do modelo näo depende do hábito de cada tocólogo, e sim, da experiência e observaçäo operatória. A experiência mostra a superioridade morfológica e funcional do Kjelland, quando ao Simpson. O prognóstico depende da boa indicaçäo e técnica operatória correta

Red de Museos de la Universidad de Buenos Aires / Museums Network of The University of Buenos Aires

Organizada por la Red de Museos de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, se efectuó en la sede del Museo Etnográfico, dependiente de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UBA, una muestra cuyo lema fue: Universidad, Ciencia y Modernización, 1870-1920. En los amplios espacios de ese museo expusieron diversas piezas los museos de la red, con el aporte del Museo Tecnológico "Eduardo Latzina", de la Escuela Industrial "Otto Krause"