Self-Appraisal of Clinical Competence in Echocardiography of Chinese Intensivists Post Basic Echocardiography Training / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objectives To learn the echocardiography skills of intensivists after receiving a basic critical care echocardiography training course, and investigate factors that may influence their performance. Methods We completed a web-based questionnaire that assessed the skills in ultrasound scanning techniques of intensivists who took a training course on basic critical care echocardiography held in 2019 and 2020. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the factors which might affect their performance on image acquisition, recognizing clinical syndrome, and measuring the diameter of inferior vena cava, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral.Results We enrolled 554 physicians from 412 intensive care units across China. Among them, 185 (33.4%) reported that they had 10%-30% chance of being misled by critical care echocardiography when making therapeutic decision, and 34 (6.1%) reported that the chance was greater than 30%. Intensivists who performed echocardiography under the guidance of a mentor and finished ultrasound scanning more than 10 times per week reported significant higher scores in image acquisition, clinical syndrome recognition, and quantitative measurement of inferior vena cava diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular outflow tract velocity-time integral than those without mentor and performing echocardiography 10 times or less per week respectively (all P < 0.05).Conclusion The skills in diagnostic medical echocardiography of Chinese intensivists after a basic echocardiographic training course remain low, and further quality assurance training program is clearly warranted.

Prescripción de ciprofloxacino por vía parenteral en pacientes ingresados en los servicios de Medicina Interna y Caumatología de un hospital general / Parenteral prescription of ciprofloxacin in patients admitted to the Internal Medicine and Caumatology services of a general hospital

Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal de 76 pacientes ingresados en los servicios de Medicina Interna y Caumatología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba durante el 2012, para evaluar los conocimientos, el desempeño y la satisfacción de 22 profesionales que prescribieron ciprofloxacino por vía parental. Los conocimientos y la satisfacción fueron evaluados a través de un examen de conocimientos y una encuesta de satisfacción, respectivamente; el desempeño, a partir de la información obtenida de las historias clínicas, relacionadas con tres criterios: individualización del tratamiento, esquema terapéutico y combinaciones medicamentosas. Para cada criterio se establecieron indicadores y estándares. Los prescriptores presentaron conocimientos adecuados sobre el medicamento en cuestión; sin embargo, el desempeño y la satisfacción de estos resultaron inadecuados. Se considera necesario realizar una intervención en aras de revertir las deficiencias identificadas y contribuir a elevar la calidad de la prescripción de medicamentos en ambos servicios de salud

A descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study of 76 patients admitted to the Internal Medicine and Caumatology services of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba during 2012, to evaluate the knowledge, performance and satisfaction of 22 professionals who prescribed parental ciprofloxacin. The knowledge and satisfaction were evaluated through a knowledge examination and a survey of satisfaction, respectively; the performance was evaluated, starting from the information obtained from the medical records, related to 3 criteria: individualization of the treatment, therapeutic schedule and medication combinations. For each opinion, indicators and standards were established. The prescribers presented appropriate knowledge on the specific medication; however, the performance and satisfaction of them were inadequate. It is necessary to carry out an intervention to revert the identified deficiencies and contribute to elevate the quality of the medications prescription in both health services

Errores de medicación en el Servicio de Medicina de un hospital de alta complejidad / Monitoring medication errors in an internal medicine service

Background: Patients admitted to internal medicine services receive multiple drugs and thus are at risk of medication errors. Aim: To determine the frequency of medication errors (ME) among patients admitted to an internal medicine service of a high complexity hospital. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in 225 patients admitted to an internal medicine service. Each stage of drug utilization system (prescription, transcription, dispensing, preparation and administration) was directly observed by trained pharmacists not related to hospital staff during three months. ME were described and categorized according to the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. In each stage of medication use, the frequency of ME and their characteristics were determined. Results: A total of 454 drugs were prescribed to the studied patients. In 138 (30,4%) indications, at least one ME occurred, involving 67 (29,8%) patients. Twenty four percent of detected ME occurred during administration, mainly due to wrong time schedules. Anticoagulants were the therapeutic group with the highest occurrence of ME. Conclusions: At least one ME occurred in approximately one third of patients studied, especially during the administration stage. These errors could affect the medication safety and avoid achieving therapeutic goals. Strategies to improve the quality and safe use of medications can be implemented using this information.

Prevalencia de pie diabetico en pacientes internados en el servicio de clinica medica-hospital central del instituto de previsiòn social en el periodo de enero a diciembre del 2009 / Prevalence of diabetic foot in patients of the service medical clinic-hospital central ips in the period from january to december 2009

El pie diabètico es la complicaciòn crònica de la diabetes mellitus con mayores implicaciones econòmicas y sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes..

Detecciòn de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en familiares hasta de segundo grado de personas diabèticas / Detection of cardiovascular risk factors to the second degree relatives of people with diabetes

Hay factores de riesgo que,son factores pronòstico de mayor probabilidad de que se desarrolle un evento.En epidemiologìa,los factores de riesgo son aquellas variables que se presentan asociados diversamente eon el evento estudiado..

The competency of internists in holistic global care to support healthy Indonesia 2010.

All patients are entitled to good standards of practice and care from their doctors. The improved health of all peoples is the main goal of medical education, including for the education of internal medicine registrars. The future development of the direction and goal of education, the level of competence of internal medicine specialists, and the process of learning will be related to preparing the internal medicine specialist to have global competitive advantage. Identification of general competencies is the first step in a long-term effort designed to emphasize educational outcome, for assessment in residency programs, and in the accreditation process. To achieve that competence, a variety of learning opportunities need to be provided in order that the resident can achieve the necessary knowledge, skills, attitude, and behaviors. Identification of the role and function of internal medicine specialists is needed prior to the development of the general competencies. As educational objectives, the competencies fall into two main categories: knowledge-based and performance-based. Knowledge-based competency has two components, medical knowledge (bio-science and clinical medicine) and contextual knowledge (epidemiology, health service organization, and human behavior). The performance base has two components, intellectual skills and the interpersonal skills. Besides the two main categories of educational objectives, there are behavioral objectives that residents must achieve through the educational program, to ensure that residents are able to deal with a range of prescribed clinical situations effectively, safely, humanely, and economically. The achievement of behavioral objectives will ensure, at least in part, that the doctor will implement good medical practice. The index clinical/community situations (ICS) on which the educational objectives will be based are taken from diseases and illnesses that occur in clinical and community settings. No resident can master all medicine there is to know, as there are no limits to what can be known about medicine. It is important to make choices in selecting what residents should learn by analyzing the ICS.

Fatores de retardo no atendimento de pacientes internados no serviço de medicina interna do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre: um estudo observacional / Main obstacles in the process of care of inpatients at the internal medicine unit of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre: an observational study

Todos os pacientes atendidos na Emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre de março a maio de 2005 foram acompanhados prospectivamente, buscando verificar suas características epidemiológicas e fatores de retardo de internação, definidos como permanência hospitalar por motivos não clínicos. De 5530 pacientes triados neste período, 389 foram atendidos pelo Serviço de Medicina Interna. Destes, 314 são descritos nesta amostra. A idade mediana dos pacientes internados foi de 64 anos, com predomínio de mulheres. Da população estudada, 80 por cento eram provenientes de Porto Alegre e região metropolitana. Dez condições clínicas crônicas foram a causa de 83 por cento das internações, com neoplasias fora de opção terapêutica , complicações de SIDA e reinternações de pacientes com seqüelas neurológicas de doença cerebrovascular sendo as causas mais freqüentes. Diabete melito e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica corresponderam a 9,2 por cento e 6,4 por cento das internações. Os pacientes portadores de diabete melito e insuficiência cardíaca apresentaram os maiorestempos de espera por internação clínica (54,5 e 46,6 horas). Vinte e cinco por cento dos pacientes com angina do peito, infecção respiratória aguda ou complicações associadas ao diabete melito aguardaram mais de 60 horas por leito de internação. A realização de consultorias médicas foi fator de retardo na permanência, com tempo mediano de espera de 48 horas. O maior tempo de espera nos exames subsidiários foi resultado de pendência na liberação de laudos de anatomo-patológicos em biópsias, com mediana de 4,2 dias. Da mesma forma, a mediana da espera pela realização de tomografias computadorizadas foi de 5 dias para crânio, 4,2 dias para abdômen e 3,2 dias para tórax. Entre os dez motivos mais comuns de internação, apenas 21 (6,7 por cento) foram caracterizadas como condições clínicas agudas. Estes achados serviram de embasamento para a reformulação do Serviço de Emergência no HCPA, desencadeando açõe...