Résumé
Las enfermedades por depósito, representan un amplio espectro clínico de enfermedades. Una de las más frecuentes es la enfermedad de Gaucher, cuyo defecto primordial radica en el almacenamiento de glucosilceramida. Su prevalencia es 1/100.000 habitantes en países del Medio Oriente. En Suramérica es tan infrecuente que no se cuenta con estadísticas claras. Presentamos un paciente de 21 años de edad con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus tipo 1, quien inicia clínica 6 meses previos a su ingreso caracterizado por dolor en hipocondrio derecho, difuso, de moderada intensidad, intermitente, con periodos de acalmia de hasta 10 días, acompañado de náuseas, astenia, hiporexia y adinamia. Durante su hospitalización se realizan estudios de imagen que muestran hepatoesplenomegalia (homogénea) y en el laboratorio se encontraron transaminasas elevadas, anemia persistente y niveles de glucemia variables. Se realizan biopsias hepática y de medula ósea, compatibles con enfermedad por depósito tipo Gaucher. . Esta enfermedad es poco conocida en nuestro país, siendo la de mayor incidencia la enfermedad de Fabry. Se debe considerar la coexistencia con otras enfermedades metabólicas como diabetes tipo 1, que pudieran condicionar su aparición(AU)
Storage diseases represent a broad clinical spectrum. Gaucher´s disease, in which the primary defect lies in the storage of glucosylceramide has a prevalence of 1/100.000 in countries of the Middle East. In South America this disease is so infrequent, that there is no clear information about the prevalence. We present the case a 21-year old patient, with diabetes mellitus type 1 and a history of intermittent abdominal pain in the right hypochondrium, moderate intensity, nausea, asthenia, and hyporexia. The image studies showed homogeneous hepatosplenomegaly. The laboratory workup reported elevated transaminases, persistent anemia and fluctuating blood glucose levels. Hepatic and bone marrow biopsies were compatible with Gaucher type III disease. This disease is little known in our country, were Fabry´s disease is more common. Coexistence with other metabolic diseases such as diabetes should be considered(AU)
Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Adulte , Diabète/génétique , Maladie de Gaucher/complications , Maladie de Gaucher/imagerie diagnostique , Glucosylcéramides/effets indésirables , Maladies génétiques congénitalesRésumé
Summary Gaucher's disease is characterized by glucocerebroside accumulation in the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. There are three subtypes. The most common is type 1, known as the non-neuropathic form. Pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly and bone lesions occur as a result of glucocerebroside accumulation in the liver, lung, spleen and bone marrow in these patients. Findings associated with liver, spleen or bone involvement may be seen at radiological analysis. Improvement in extraskeletal system findings is seen with enzyme replacement therapy. Support therapy is added in patients developing infection, anemia or pain. We describe a case of hepatosplenomegaly, splenic infarction, splenic nodules and femur fracture determined at radiological imaging in a patient under monitoring due to Gaucher's disease.