Marcadores biológicos para necrose tubular aguda em pacientes com doença glomerular / Biological markers for acute tubular necrosis in patients with glomerular disease

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), and it is reported in 34% of adults with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Emergence of AKI in the course of nephrotic syndrome requires a prompt differential diagnosis between acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and proliferative glomerular lesions leading to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Although clinical and conventional laboratory clues can be decisive in many cases, sometimes such distinctions rely on renal biopsy, which is an invasive procedure and is not available in many centers. Several new biomarkers have emerged, increasing the perspective on early diagnosis and the prognostic prediction of AKI. OBJECTIVES: In this work, we studied the use of tests based on the urinary concentrations of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)...

INTRODUÇÃO: A lesão renal aguda (LRA) é uma complicação frequente em pacientes com glomerulopatias, acomentendo até 34% dos adultos com síndrome nefrótica (SNO) idiopática. O diagnóstico diferencial de necrose tubular aguda (NTA) de glomeulonefrite proliferativa ou crescêntica em pacientes com SNO e LRA é fundamental, visto que a NTA pode mimetizar quadro de glomerulonefrite rapidamente progressiva. Dados clínicos e laboratoriais podem ser úteis no diagnóstico diferencial da LRA na SNO, entretanto a distinção entre NTA e glomerulonefrite proliferativa ou crescêntica é feito pela biópsia renal, procedimento invasivo e que não está disponível amplamente. Novos biomarcadores para diagnóstico precoce e preditores diagnósticos na LRA têm sido identificados. OBJETIVOS: Neste trabalho nós avaliamos o uso de testes baseados nas concentrações urinárias de kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)...

Renal pathological changes in poisonous snake bite.

There are more than 3000 species of snakes in the world but only about 350 are venomous. With approximately 10000 deaths occurring annually in India, a large proportion of snake bites occur when people work barefoot in the fields or while walking at night or early morning through fields or along roads. Although, nearly all snakes with medical relevance can induce nephropathy, leading to Acute Renal Failure (ARF), it is unusual except with bites by Russell‟s Viper, E. Carinatus and members of the genera Crotalus and Bothrops. In India, ARF is mostly associated with Russell‟s Viper and E. Carinatus bites. The incidence of ARF following Russell‟s Viper or E. Carinatus bites is 13-32% in India. A histopathological study was conducted on renal autopsy specimens from those subjects who were admitted to IPGME&R and SNP Hospital, Kolkata as a result of development of acute renal failure following poisonous snake bite. Acute tubular necrosis (100%) and Acute cortical necrosis (25%) were the most significant renal histopathological changes. Glomerular lesions were also present in 30% of cases.

Sobrevida y mortalidad en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda: nuestra experiencia en el Hospital José María Cullen de Santa Fe / Survival and mortality of the patients with acute kidney failure: our experience to Hospital José María Cullen, Santa Fe

Se analizaron 39 pacientes consecutivos con IRA que requirieron hemodiálisis. Se observó su evolución teniendo en cuenta: situaciones clínicas, variables demográficas, severidad de la IRA, agresiones agudas, factores de riesgos predisponentes y complicaciones. Se observó una mortalidad global del 33,3%, una altísima incidencia de absortos sépticos (41%) con una mortalidad elevada en este subgrupo (37,5%) y una escasa incidencia de IRA de causas puramente obstétricas con mortalidad nula. Se observó una relativa benignidad de la IRA no oligúrica. Se encontró que el número de agresiones agudas influyen negativamente en la evolución, probablemente a través de un efecto aditivo en la severidad de la IRA. Se confirmó que la enfermedad renal preexistente es un importante factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de la IRA y que no tiene influencia negativa en el pronóstico. Se encontró una correlación positiva entre la mortalidad y el número de complicaciones. Se concluye que la mortalidad global no es un buen parámetro para valorar la atención de los pacientes con IRA; sí, en cambio, sería la mortalidad según subgrupos bien definidos en cuanto a la situación clínica