Seed weight variation of wyoming sagebrush in Northern Nevada

Seed size is a crucial plant trait that may potentially affect not only immediate seedling success but also the subsequent generation. We examined variation in seed weight of Wyoming sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Beetle and Young), an excellent candidate species for rangeland restoration. The working hypothesis was that a major fraction of spatial and temporal variability in seed size (weight) of Wyoming sagebrush could be explained by variations in mean monthly temperatures and precipitation. Seed collection was conducted at Battle Mountain and Eden Valley sites in northern Nevada, USA, during November of 2002 and 2003. Frequency distributions of seed weight varied from leptokurtic to platykurtic, and from symmetry to skewness to the right for both sites and years. Mean seed weight varied by a factor of 1.4 between locations and years. Mean seed weight was greater (P<0.05) in 2003 than in 2002 at both sites. This can partially be attributed to 55% greater precipitation in 2003 than 2002, since mean monthly temperatures were similar (P>0.05) in all study situations. Simple linear regression showed that monthly precipitation (March to November) explained 85% of the total variation in mean seed weight ( P=0.079). Since the relationship between mean monthly temperature (June-November) and mean seed weight was not significant (r²=0.00, P=0.431), this emphasizes the importance of precipitation as an important determinant of mean seed weight. Our results suggest that the precipitation regime to which the mother plant is exposed can have a significant effect on sizes of seeds produced. Hence, seasonal changes in water availability would tend to alter size distributions of produced offspring.

Bet-hedging applications for conservation.

One of the early tenets of conservation biology is that population viability is enhanced by maintaining multiple populations of a species. The strength of this tenet is justified by principles of bet-hedging. Management strategies that reduce variance in population size will also reduce risk of extinction. Asynchrony in population fluctuations in independent populations reduces variance in the aggregate of populations whereas environmental correlation among areas increases the risk that all populations will go extinct. We review the theoretical rationale of bet-hedging and suggest applications for conservation management of least terns in Nebraska and grizzly bears in the northern Rocky Mountains of the United States. The risk of extinction for least terns will be reduced if we can sustain the small central Platte River population in addition to the larger population on the lower Platte. Similarly, by restoring grizzly bears to the Bitterroot wilderness of Idaho and Montana can reduce the probability of extinction for grizzly bears in the Rocky Mountains of the United States by as much as 69-93%.

Evaluación preliminar desastre natural Provincia Sud Lípez - Departamento de Potosí: informe / Evaluation preliminary disaster natural province South Lifish - Departament of Potosí: report

El presente documento corresponde a un informe preliminar realizado por parte de la Prefectura del Departamento de Potosí respecto al desastre natural acaecido en fecha 30 de junio al 3 de julio de 2002, en la Provincia de Sud Lípez y Provincia Quijarro, del Departamento de Potosí

Informe premilinar desastre natural Departamento de Potosí / Report preliminar departament natural disaster of Potosí

El presente informe preliminar sobre el desastre natural que se desarrollo en el Departamento de Potosí, brinda primero una identificación de las zonas afectads, luego las caracteristicas y efectos del evento, las necesidades básicas detectadas, los recursos institucionales, el plan operativo en sus tres fases, las prioridades inmediatas y luego comentarios y recomendaciones. Y en anexos que correponde uno a la propuesta de un plan de emergencia en salud y el anexo 2 correspondiente a la propuesta de un plan de sostenibilidad alimentaria

Evento adverso: nevada y helada en Potosí (Sud Lípez) / Adverse event: snowfall and frost in Potosí (South Lifish)

Este documento constituye un informe sobre el desastre natural ocurrido en el Departamento de Potosí, detalla la situación en la que se encuentra ese departamento, los riesgos identificados, los recursos con los cuales se disponen, las actividades a realizar y las responsabilidades

Informe de viaje / Trip report

El presente informe de viaje realizado por el Dr Olmos, Director de SEDES-Potosí, con el fin de atender la emergencia por el desastre natural acaecida en la Provincia Sud Lipez el pasado 30 de junio

Nevada provincia Sud Lipez (Potosí): informe nevada en el departamento de Potosí / Snowfall province South Lipez (Potosí): report snowfall in the departament of Potosí

El presente informe contiene datos sobre el desastre natural que se desarrollo en la Provincia Sud Lipez, en el departamento de Potosí el pasado 30 de junio, detalla lo siguiente: antecedentes, situación, riesgos identificados, actividades realizadas, actividades de la UPRED en el apoyo técnico, análisis de la vigilancia epidemiológica activa, requerimiento de medicamentos, conclusiones y anexos

Informe del sector salud a SENAR para presentación al forade sobre el desastre de nevada de Potosí: visión de la OPS-OMS Bolivia / Report of the health sector to SENAR for presentation to the FORADE on the snowfall disaster of Potosí: vision of PAHO-WHO Bolivia

El presente informe elaborado en base a otros informes previos para desarrollar una planificacion y atención de desastres, se incluye en anexos un informe del comandante de la Décima División y un informe nevada y helada en Potosí (Sud Lipez)

A Case of Coccidioidomycosis Manifested as Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / 결핵

Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection acquired by inhalation of the arthrospore of Coccidioides immitis, and endemic disease in specific geographic areas, such as south central California, south Arizona, Nevada, and New Mexico. Approximately 60 percent of infected people is asymptomatic and the remainders mostly exhibit respiratory complaints, from flu-like coughing to overt pneumonia. Usually the infection due to Coccidioides immitis is self-limited. Symptoms resolve within several weeks but radiographic abnormalities could be resolved more slowly. If the radiographic abnormalities persist more than 8 weeks, the term 'chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis'is designated. They take forms of nodules, cavities or progressive pneumonia. When manifested as nodule(s), lung malignancy is suspected as a possible diagnosis and histologic confirmation is needed. Here, we report a case of chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis manifested as solitary pulmonary nodule in a Korean woman who has traveled in Arizona, which is diagnosed fianlly by lobectomy and histologic examination.