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2.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(9): e201900902, 2019. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054698

Résumé

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the role of vagus nerve activation in the protective effects of hypercapnia in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to either high-tidal volume or low-tidal volume ventilation (control) and monitored for 4h. The high-tidal volume group was further divided into either a vagotomy or sham-operated group and each surgery group was further divided into two subgroups: normocapnia and hypercapnia. Injuries were assessed hourly through hemodynamics, respiratory mechanics and gas exchange. Protein concentration, cell count and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-8) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung wet-to-dry weight and pathological changes were examined. Vagus nerve activity was recorded for 1h. Results: Compared to the control group, injurious ventilation resulted in a decrease in PaO2/FiO2 and greater lung static compliance, MPO activity, enhanced BALF cytokines, protein concentration, cell count, and histology injury score. Conversely, hypercapnia significantly improved VILI by decreasing the above injury parameters. However, vagotomy abolished the protective effect of hypercapnia on VILI. In addition, hypercapnia enhanced efferent vagus nerve activity compared to normocapnia. Conclusion: These results indicate that the vagus nerve plays an important role in mediating the anti-inflammatory effect of hypercapnia on VILI.


Sujets)
Animaux , Mâle , Rats , Nerf vague/chirurgie , Liquide de lavage bronchoalvéolaire/composition chimique , Lésion pulmonaire induite par la ventilation mécanique/prévention et contrôle , Hypercapnie , Vagotomie , Répartition aléatoire , Cytokines/analyse , Interleukine-8/analyse , Facteur de nécrose tumorale alpha/analyse , Rat Sprague-Dawley , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 61(3): 250-257, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-753177

Résumé

Summary Introduction/objective: fast-tract surgery (FTS) has been rapidly embraced by surgeons as a mechanism for improving patient care and driving down complications and costs. The aim of this study was to determine if any improvement in outcomes occurred after FTS protocol for selective double portazygous disconnection with preserving vagus (SDPDPV) compared with non-FTS postoperative care. Methods: patients eligible for SDPDPV in the period January 2012-April 2014 were randomly selected for the FTS group or non-FTS group. A designed protocol was used in the FTS group with emphasis on an interdisciplinary approach. The non-FTS group was treated using previously established standard procedures. The number of postoperative complications, time of functional recovery and duration of hospital stay were recorded. Results: patients in the FTS group (n=59) and non-FTS group (n=57) did not differ in terms of preoperative data and operative details (p>0.05). The FTS procedure led to significantly better control and faster restoration of gastrointestinal functions, food tolerance, rehabilitation and hospital discharge (p<0.05). Postoperative complications, including nausea/vomiting, severe ascites, wound infection, urinary tract infection and pulmonary infection were all significantly lower in the FTS group (p<0.05). According to the postoperative morbidity classification used by Clavien, overall complications and grade I complications were both significantly lower in the FTS group compared with the non-FTS group (p<0.05). Conclusion: adopting the FTS protocol helped to recover gastrointestinal functions, to reduce frequency of postoperative complications and to reduce hospital stay. The FTS strategy is safe and effective in improving postoperative outcomes. .


Resumo Objetivo: a cirurgia fast-track (FTS) foi rapidamente abraçada por cirurgiões como um mecanismo para melhorar o atendimento ao paciente e reduzir complicações e custos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se qualquer melhoria nos resultados de um protocolo FTS para desconexão seletiva dupla porta (SDPDPV), quando comparado ao cuidado pós-operatório não FTS. Métodos: pacientes candidatos a SDPDPV, no período de janeiro de 2012 a abril de 2014, foram selecionados aleatoriamente para o grupo FTS ou grupo não FTS. Um protocolo projetado foi utilizado no grupo FTS, com ênfase em uma abordagem interdisciplinar. O grupo não FTS foi tratado por meio de procedimentos padrão, estabelecidos previamente. O número de complicações pós- -operatórias, o tempo de recuperação funcional e o tempo de internação hospitalar foram registrados. Resultados: os pacientes do grupo de FTS (n=59) e grupo não FTS (n=57) não diferiram em termos de dados pré-operatórios e detalhes cirúrgicos (p>0,05). O procedimento FTS levou à melhora significativa do controle e à restauração mais rápida das funções gastrointestinais, tolerância alimentar, reabilitação e alta hospitalar (p<0,05). Complicações pós-operatórias, incluindo náuseas/vômitos, ascite grave, infecção da ferida, infecção urinária e infecção pulmonar foram significativamente menores no grupo FTS (p<0,05). De acordo com a classificação de morbidade pós-operatória utilizado por Clavien, complicações gerais e complicações de classe I foram ambas significativamente mais baixas no grupo de FTS em comparação com o grupo não FTS (p<0,05). Conclusão: a adoção do protocolo FTS ajudou a recuperar as funções gastrointestinais, reduzir a frequência de complicações pós-operatórias e reduzir tempo de internação hospitalar. A estratégia FTS é segura e eficaz para melhorar os resultados pós-operatórios. .


Sujets)
Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Protocoles cliniques , Hypertension portale/chirurgie , Études de suivi , Durée du séjour , Cirrhose du foie/complications , Soins périopératoires/méthodes , Soins postopératoires , Vomissements et nausées postopératoires , Études prospectives , Splénectomie , Infection de plaie opératoire , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutique , Infections urinaires , Nerf vague/chirurgie
5.
Rev. neurocir ; 3(3): 99-103, sept. 2000. ilus
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-283746

Résumé

La utilización del estimulador vagal constituye una alternativa válida de tratamiento paliativo en aquellas epilepsias refractarias que no pueden ser tratadas mediante técnicas quirúrgicas a cielo abierto (lobectomias, lesionectomías, desconexiones). Se describen fundamentos del procedimiento, indicaciones del mismo, técnica quirúrgica y experiencia de los autores.


Sujets)
Humains , Adulte , Nerf vague/chirurgie , Épilepsie/chirurgie , Électrothérapie
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