The effects of Allium sativum (garlic) on N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea induced transitional cell carcinoma in wistar rats: A preliminary study

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the effects of garlic (Allium sativum) on N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea induced transitional carcinoma in Wistar rats. METHODOLOGY: Transitional cell carcinoma was induced in thirty male, age-matched Wistar rats (45-50 days old) through intravesical instillation of 0.1mL of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea. They were divided into five treatment groups (0.1 mL of NSS; 0.1 mL of Mitomycin C; 0.1 mL of aqueous garlic extract in 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg given daily for the duration of the study); with one rat sacrificed every week (starting two weeks from tumor induction) until all rats were sacrificed after one month. The urinary bladders of the rats were subjected to histopathologic examination by a single veterinary pathologist. One-way ANOVA was used to compare mitotic index, papillomatous growth and vascularization of the specimens at Day 14 (baseline), 21 and 28. A P-value of less than 0.05 was used to detect significant difference. RESULTS: Statistical analysis comparing mitotic index, papillomatous growth and vascularization showed no significant difference in the indices between the five treatment groups. It can be seen through that the P-value (0.144) for papillomatous growth was the smallest, which may indicate a trend towards a decrease in tumor growth at Day 28 for Mitomycin C and Garlic 40 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study showed a favorable trend towards decreased papillomatous growth in the MNU induced rat bladder carcinoma treated with aqueous extract of Garlic (Allium sativum) at a higher dose and longer duration of time.

Malignant inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder: the histopathological aspect of malignant potential of inverted papilloma

To investigate the histopathological characteristics of inverted papillomas of the urinary bladder, including the possibility of malignant transformation, we studied the indicators of cellular proliferation activity in 7 inverted papillomas of the bladder including two cases of malignant inverted papilloma of the bladder. PCNA expression rates in two cases of malignant inverted papilloma were higher than in benign inverted papillomas. Mean numbers of AgNORs per nucleus in malignant inverted papillomas were much more than in benign inverted papillomas. The c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was expressed only in malignant inverted papillomas. These results suggest that PCNA expression rate, mean number of AgNORs per nucleus and c-erB-2 oncoprotein expression may be merited as good indicators to detect the inverted papilloma with more proliferative and aggressive lesions, and with the potential of malignant transformation.

Actividad antitumoral y principales efectos tóxicos del 1,3 biscloroetil nitrosourea (BCNU) sintetizado en Cuba / Antitumoregenic activity and main toxic effects of 1,3 bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU) synthetized in Cuba

Se estudió la actividad antitumoral del 1,3 biscloroetil nitrosourea (BCNU) sintetizado en Cuba en dos tumores transplantables de ratón, las leucemias L-1210 y P-388, así como la toxicidad de diferentes esquemas de administración del producto en ratas albinas. El producto aumentó notablemente la supervivencia de los animales tratados con respecto al control en los tumores experimentales usados y manifestó efectos tóxicos notables en el sistema hematopoyético y el hígado

Fibrosis Pulmonar inducida por nitrosoureas (BCNU): presentación de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Pulmonary fibrosis induced by nitrosoureas (BCNU): report of 2 cases and review of the literature

Se presentam dos pacientes tratados con BCNU, uno por glioblastoma multiforme y otro por un tumor del tallo cerebral. La dosis total acumulativa fue de 1.258 mg/m2 y 2.190 mg/m2, respectivamente. No existía en ninguno de los dos casos patología pulmonar previa al tratamiento. Ambos pacientes desarrollaron fibrosis pulmonar que fue demostrada clínica, radiológica e histológicamente. Por todo lo expuesto se concluye que en estos dos casos el BCNU fue el elemento causante de la fibrosis pulmonar. Con la finalidad de evitar estas complicaciones se sugiere realizar pruebas de función pulmonar previamente y durante el tratamiento con BCNU y no exceder una dosis total acumulativa de 1.500 mg/m2

Tamoxifeno como supresor de la carcinogenesis mamaria inducida por 7,12-dimetil-benzoantraceno y nitroso-metilurea, en ratas hembras con hiperprolactinemia provocada / Tamoxifen as a suppressor of mammary carcinogenesis induced by 7,12-dimetil-benzanthracene and methylnitrosourea, in female rats with induced hyperprolactinemia

El efecto del tamoxifeno sobre tumores mamarios inducidos con DMBA (7, 12-dimetil-benzoantraceno) y NMU (nitroso-metilurea) se analiza. De 7 lotes de ratas Sprague-Dayley, 4 (A-B-C-D) reciben adiconalmene sulpirida 0,5 mg/100g durante 5 días de la semana y hasta finalizar el experimento. Dos lotes (C-D) recibieron una sola inyección intraperitoneal de 900 microcuries por 100g de peso de I. Tres lotes (E-F-G) recibieron sólo I para activar secreción de prolactina, y de ellos, 2(F-G)recibieron tamoxifeno. Los tumores que se desarrollaron fueron todos del tupo adenocarcinoma papilífero. Los receptores hormonales estrogénicos fueron positivos. El estudio por microscopia electrónica mostró vacuolas acuosas grasosas en el citoplasma y la falta de organoides y mitocondrias en algunas células. Los lotes que recibieron tamoxifeno (F-G) no desarrollaron tumores