Otoesclerosis: revisión de aspectos etiopatogénicos, clínico-demográficos e imagenológicos / Otosclerosis: a review of aetiopathogenic, clinical-demographic and imaging aspects

Abstract. Otosclerosis is a common cause of progressive hearing loss in the young adult population. Most of the time the diagnosis is suspected based on consistent clinical symptoms and physical examination. The role of imaging in this pathology consists of confirmation of doubtful cases, ruling out by differential diagnoses, level of affection, and the pre-postoperative evaluation of patients. High-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone is the imaging method of choice.

Resumen. La otoesclerosis corresponde a una causa común de hipoacusia progresiva en población adulta joven. La mayoría de las veces el diagnóstico es sospechado en base a un cuadro clínico y examen físico concordantes. El rol de las imágenes en esta enfermedad consiste en la confirmación de los casos dudosos, el descarte de diagnósticos diferenciales, la graduación del compromiso y la evaluación pre- y posquirúrgica de los pacientes. La tomografía computada de alta resolución del hueso temporal es el método de estudio imagenológico de elección.

Raine syndrome.

Raine syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with characteristic features of exophthalmos, choanal atresia or stenosis, osteosclerosis and cerebral calcifications. Most of babies with this disorder die immediately after birth. We report a baby who was 7 weeks old at the time of presentation.

Radiological frequency of idiopathic osteosclerosis in patients referred to Qazvin Dental School [2009]

Idiopathic osteosclerosis is a common radioopaque lesion of the jaw. This lesion is asymptomatic and usually discovered on different radiographs quite by accident. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiographic characteristics of idiopathic osteosclerosis in jaw bones in patients referred to Department of Radiology at Qazvin Dental School. This was a descriptive study performed on 820 panoramic radiographs of 325 male and 465 female patients referred to radiology department for variety of reasons. The radiographs, prepared by different methods, were examined for detecting idiopathic osteosclerosis. Information regarding each radiograph such as the location, number, structure, kind of relation to adjacent teeth, and density [trabecular-cortical] as well as the information on patients' sex and age were registered. Using SPSS version 16, the desired frequency was calculated. Due to the descriptive nature of the study, no special statistical test was used. Of total radiographs, in 87 patients [10/61%], there were 97 idiopathic osteosclerosis lesions at different sites and shapes with demarcated border [50.52%] and trabecular density [54.52%]. Of patients, 58.63% were females and 41.37% males. Most lesions were in the lower jaw especially in first [30.93%] and second molars region [24.75%] and frequently not associated with the adjacent teeth [35.05%]. These lesions were more common in patients at their fourth and fifth decades of life. Based on our results it was revealed that the idiopathic osteosclerosis lesions are more frequent in lower jaw especially in molar areas and it is more common in women compared to men