Effect of phosphamidon on the testes of albino rats: a histological study.

The present study shows the qualitative and quantitative histological changes in testes of albino rats treated with two doses of phosphamidon 35 and 50 parts per million(ppm) for 1 month time period. Rats were treated by drinking water containing 35 ppm (low dose) and 50ppm (high dose) concentration of phosphamidon for 30 days. After 30 days, they were sacrificed, the testes were fixed in vivo and were taken out. The histological slides of these testes were prepared and were studied under light microscope. The decrease in the weight of testes and diameter of seminiferous tubules, increase in the interstitial space, the decrease in the numbers of germ cells and supporting cells, Cytoplasmic vacuolization of the germ cells, distortion of seminiferous tubules were the findings of present study. phosphamidon seems to be toxic on male reproductive system if exposed for prolong period. The awareness regarding the impact of phosphamidon should be given to farmer and they should be encouraged to practice biological means to control pests and herbs instead of these harmful chemical compounds.

Immunotoxicity of phosphamidon following subchronic exposure in albino rats.

Effect of subchronic doses of phosphamidon exposure on humoral and cell mediated immune (CMI) responses were studied in male albino rats using SRBC, ovalbumin and KLH as antigens. Humoral immune responses were assessed by estimating antibody titre against antigen and splenic plaque forming cells (PFC) assay. CMI responses were studied by using leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI), macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response. Results obtained in the present study revealed marked suppression of humoral and CMI responses in a dose dependent pattern. Hence, suppression of immune responses by phosphamidon even at subchronic doses is clearly an important aspect for its safety evaluation.