Concomitant Liver and Brain Abscesses Caused by Parvimonas Micra / 대한소화기학회지

Anaerobic infections have been reported to be responsible for 3–10% of pyogenic liver abscesses in Korea, and reported anaerobes include Fusobacterium, Bacillus fragilis, and Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Parvimonas micra is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming bacterial species and a constituent of normal flora on skin, vagina, gastrointestinal tract, and oral cavity that can cause opportunistic infections. However, it has only rarely been reported to be a cause of liver abscess; only one such case has been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of concomitant liver and brain abscesses caused by Parvimonas micra in a non-immunodeficient 65-year-old female patient without diabetes or periodontal disease. Parvimonas micra infection was confirmed by blood culture using VITEK® 2 cards and by bacterial 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We conclude that we should not overlook anaerobes as a cause of liver abscess.

Orbital abscess secondary to acute dacryocystitis: case report / Abscesso orbitário secundário à dacriocistite aguda: relato de caso

Acute dacryocystitis usually induces preseptal infection. In rare instances the infection that is confined to the lacrimal sac can extend to the orbital contents resulting in orbital cellulitis. We present a case of intraconal abscess secondary to acute dacryocystitis and review the literature of orbital cellulitis resulting from acute lacrimal sac infection.

A dacriocistite aguda comumente evolui para infecção pré-septal. Raramente a infecção localizada no saco lacrimal pode estender-se ao conteúdo orbitário resultando em celulite orbitária. Apresentamos um caso de abscesso orbitário intraconal secundário à dacriocistite aguda e uma revisão de literatura de celulite orbitária causada por infecção aguda do saco lacrimal.

Pigmentaciones negras extrínsecas y su asociación con caries dental en niños con dentición mixta / Extrinsic black pigmentation and its association with dental caries in children with mixed dentition

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito conocer la asociación entre la presencia de pigmentaciones negras extrínsecas en superficies dentarias y la frecuencia de caries dental en niños con dentición mixta del Servicio de Odontopediatría del Hospital Central Fuerza Aérea del Perú (n=185), de los cuales el 6,49% (12 niños) presentaban dichas pigmentaciones. Para el análisis de los datos se emplearon frecuencias, porcentajes, medidas de tendencia central, medidas de dispersión, Chi-cuadrado y para conocer la asociación se empleó la prueba U de Mann Whitney. Al analizar la asociación entre las pigmentaciones negras extrínsecas y la frecuencia de caries dental, los resultados mostraron en los niños que presentaban dichas pigmentaciones un CEO+CPO de 1,33±1,07; mientras que los niños que no presentaban dichas pigmentaciones negras extrínseca sun CEO+CPO de 3,39±2,39. Sobre la base del análisis estadístico se concluye que el CEO+CPO en los niños con pigmentaciones negras extrínsecas fue menor que el CEO+CPO en los niños que no tenían dichas pigmentaciones siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa con un p=0,001. Cabe resaltar que se encontró asociación entre la presencia de estas pigmentaciones y el consumo de suplementos dietéticos a base de fierro siendo estadísticamente significativa con un p=0,027.

The aim of the present study was to explore the association between the presence of extrinsic black stains on tooth surfaces and ithe frequency of dental caries in children from the Pediatric Clinic of the Peruvian Air Force Central Hospital (n=185). Among the children studied, 6,49% (12 children) presented those pigmentations. For the analysis of the data, frequencies, percentages, measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion and Chi-square were used and to explore the association Mann-Whitney U test was used, processed and analyzed using SPSS version 12 program. After the analysis of the relationship between the extrinsic black stains and the frequency of dental caries, the results showed that in children presenting such pigmentations the DMF+def index was of 1.33±1.07, while in children who did not present such black extrinsic pigmentations a DMF+def of 3.39±2.39 was found. Based on the statistical analysis it is concluded that the DMF+def in children with extrinsic black stains was lower than the DMF+def on children who had not such pigmentations and this difference was statistically significant with p=0.001. It is worth mentioning that an association found between the presence of these pigmentations and consumption of dietary supplements based on iron was statistically significant with p=0.027.

Vaginose bacteriana: aspectos microbiológicos e terapêutica com imidazólicos / Bacterial Vaginosis: microbiological and therapeutics aspects with imidazoles

Os autores apresentm os aspectos microbiológicos conhecidos que envolvem a fisiopatologia e diagnóstico da vaginose bacteriana, uma afecção comum que acomete mulheres em idade reprodutiva e que se manifesta clinicamente com o corrimento vaginal de odor desagradável. Posteriormente apresentam e discutem a eficácia dos imidazólicos utilizados para o seu tratamento, ressaltando as controvérsias e os problemas decorrentes da utilização desses medicamentos na prática clínica.

Identification of bacteria from the peri-implant sulcus of orthodontic mini-implants using 16S rDNA clone library / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the bacterial flora at the peri-implant sulcus of the orthodontic mini-implant placed in the alveolar mucosa with the bacterial flora at the adjacent healthy gingival sulcus. METHODS: Two plaque samples from 7 patients were collected by inserting paper points into the sulcus between the mini-implant and ligature wire connected to the mini-implant head and inflamed alveolar mucosa, and from the gingival sulcus of a healthy tooth adjacent to the mini-implant. RESULTS: Using 16S rDNA clone library, the 24 kinds of bacteria including Haemophilus aphrophilus, Sphingomonas species, Capnocytophaga species, Prevotella melaninogenica, Lachnospiraceae species, Porphyromonas species, Neisseria flava were identified only from the sulcus around the mini-implant. These bacteria constituted only 9.2% of total clones, and the bacteria identified from both the sulcus around mini-implants and the gingival sulcus constituted 80.4% of total clones. Of these bacteria, clones of Prevotella species, Atopobium rimae, Veillonella species, Streptococcus intermedius/constellatus, Streptococcus salivarius were more frequently isolated from the peri-implant sulcus. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a broad epidemiological study is needed to find causative bacteria which induce inflammation from the peri-implant sulcus.

Assessment of pathogens microorganisms of periapical abscess in primary teeth

Dental abscess is considered as one of the most common complications of untreated caries in children. Microorganisms are known as major causes for the pulp and periradicular pathosis. Black - pigmented, gram -negative anaerobes, belonging to species of porphyromonas and prevotella [bacteroides] play an important role in causing clinical signs and symptoms related to pulp and periradicular disease. The aim of this investigation was to assess the presence of two main pathogenic microorganisms named porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella melaninogenica in abscessed primary teeth. Forty children aged 4-10 years were selected with no systemic disease and no antibiotic consumption during the last two weeks of sampling. Selected teeth were presenting swelling and pain at observation stage as signs of acute abscess. The diagnostic technique of porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella melaningenica was the use of DNA formulation reading by means of PCR technique. Results showed that of the 40 samples, 35 [%87.5] were positive for porphyromonas gingivalis, 34 [%85] were positive for prevotella melaninogenica. However, it seems that more work is required for more precise antibiotic therapy of dental abscess in children. The presence of two well known species of microorganisms in periapical abscess of primary teeth was confirmed

[Affect of three antibacterial mouthwashes chlorhexidine 0.2%, povidine iodine 1% and cetyl pyridinum chloride 2.5% on bacterials strep cultures]

Dental plaque is the main cause of periodontal disease. Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease is provided by inhibition of plaque formation or its removal. Uses of Mouthwashes are one of the methods for plaque control. The purpose of this study was to determine the most efficient mouthwash in prevention of plaque formation. This experimental study consisted of 48 microbial culture. Antibacterial effect of three well known mouthwash: povidine iodine 1%, chlorhexidine 0.2% and cetyl pyridinum chloride 2.5% were studied on two bacterial species: strep mutans and bacterial melaninogenicus, which were obtained from dental plaque of three different patients. This mentioned bacteriac were added to culture mediums until the turbidity equivalent of number 0.5 macfarland tube was achieved Then mouthwashes were added to the cultures which were then placed in 37°C incubator in two different conditions, aerobic and anaerobic. The turbidity of the aerobic and anaerobic cultures were compared with standard Macfarland tubes after 24 and 72 hours respectively. Data analysis was done with ANOVA, kroscal valis and T-test. The mean number of streptococus mutans in one milliliter of the culture medium, with mouthwashes including povidine iodine 1%, chlorhexidine 0.2% and cetylpyridinum chloride 0.5% added was determined. 19.5x10[8], 0.19x10[8] and 0. 75x10[8] respectively and for bacteroid melaninogenicus: 12.75 x10[8], 0, 0.56 x10[8] was achieved respectively. Total average of bacterial number in one milliliter of culture, when mouthwashes were added was determined: 16.1 x10[8], 0.09 x10[8] and 0.65 x10[8] respectively. Result of this study showed that for each type of species and also in general, antibacterial effect of three applied mouthwashes in descending order was: chlorhexidine 0.2%, celypyridmum chloride 2.5% and povidine iodine 1%. In other word chlorhexidine can be suggested as elective mouthwash. Finally longitudinal study, invivo-invitro, with application of more mouthwashes and bacterial species is suggested

Manchas extrínsecas negras do esmalte / Tooth black stains

Este trabalho tem por objetivo fazer revisão da literatura e relatar um caso clínico de manchas negras, possivelmente causadas pelos Bacilos produtores de pigmentos negros. Acredita-se que a presença da bactéria Prevotella melaninogênica seja fundamental para que haja este tipo de mancha no esmalte dentário, estando em maior quantidade na microflora das crianças portadoras desta pigmentação. Estas manchas extrínsecas estão sendo associadas ao índice de cárie, higiene oral e com a etiologia da doença periodontal. O caso clínico apresentado é o de uma criança com pigmentação preta no esmalte, principalmente nas faces linguais dos dentes anteriores inferiores, acometendo também de forma mais branda outros dentes da cavidade bucal. O tratamento se deu através da educação e motivação da mãe e da criança quanto a higienização e conseqüente profilaxia com jato de bicabornato.

Prueba de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de un material de obturación endodóntica / Antimicrobial susceptibility test of an endodontic filling material

Los estudios y ensayos de laboratorio "in vitro" realizados en el presente trabajo con P.L.R.M. (pasta lentamente reabsorbible de Maisto) confirman un efecto bacteriostático con todas las cepas de microorganismos estudiados: Fusobacterium periodonticum ATCC 33693 Prevotella Melaninogénica ATCC 439822 Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406 Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus viridans y Streptococcus Grupo A, en períodos de 0 a 56 días y valores de 1g. hasta 0,5mg/ml

Manchas dentárias extrínsecas pretas: revisäo de literatura / Extrinsic dental black stain

O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir, através de uma revisäo da literatura, as manchas dentárias extrínsecas pretas, elucidando o que säo e por quê removê-las. Sugestöes quanto à natureza química dos pigmentos pretos foram feitas e mostraram que este é um sal férrico, produzido pela bactéria. Prevotella melaninogênica

Bacteriological study in overdenture wearer

Overdentures have gained high popularity in the last ten years as an alternative to complete dentures for patients with remaining natural teeth. The advantages of over denture were recorded as preserving the residual alveolar ridge, as well as increased masticatory performance due to the proprioceptive impulses from over denture abutments. [Lord and Teels., 1974 and Rissin et al., 1987]Many techniques for overdenture construction were used, but the most common techniques were that one constructed over reduced abutments with amallgum filling or over reduced abutments with cast metal or gold copings. The loss of abutments of the overdenture was the prime etiologic factor in overdenture failure, and that loss was often due to periodontal disease affecting the abutments. A question arise, dose the restorations for abutments of over dentures have an effect on the subgingival micro flora. The present work aims to study the effect amalgam and coping restoration of the abutments of overdenture on subgingival micro flora as well as the count of subgingival Bacteroides melaninigenicus

Flora anaerobia predominante en conductos radiculares cerrados con pulpas necróticas / Anaerobic bacteria prevailing in closed root canals with necrotic pulps

En este estudio se hace una descripción de la flora anaerobia (estrictos y facultativos) presente en treinta dientes, de pacientes que ingresaron a la Facultad de Odontología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, previo diagnóstico clínico y radiográfico de necrosis pulpar. Del mismo modo se relacionaron variables como edad del paciente y tipo de sintomatología manifestada (dolor, inflamación y presencia de fístula), con el aislamiento de determinado tipo de microorganismo anaerobio. Los resultados mostraron que de ochenta y nueve cepas aisladas, cincuenta y una correspondían a anaerobios estrictos (57.3 por ciento) y treinta y ocho a anaerobios facultativos (42.7 por ciento). De los estrictos, el Bacteroides melaninogenicus y el Fusobacterium nucleatum fueron los microorganismos predominantes, seguidos por el Peptococo y el Peptoestreptococo. Se encontró que en la mayoría de pacientes con sintomatología aguda se aislaron principalmente anaerobios estrictos, mientras que los pacientes asintomáticos predominaron los facultativos. Finalmente, no se encontró una influencia directa entre la edad del paciente, ni de la presencia o ausencia de fístula, con ningún tipo de microorganismo específico aislado

Absceso cerebral por bacteroides melaninogenicus, Bacteroides fragilis y Peptostreotococcus sp en un lactante / Brain abscess due to B melaninogenicus, Bacteroides fragilis and Peptostreptococcus sp in an infant

Se presenta un caso de un absceso cerebral voluminoso causado por Bacteroides melaninogenicus,Bacteroides fragilis y Peptostreptococcus sp en un lactante de 2 meses de edad,cuyo motivo de consulta fue aumento de perímetro cefálico en un control de salud.Requirió tratamiento antibiótico con piperacilina y metronidazol durante 19 días y cefotaxime durante 26 días.Se realizaron una punción diagnóstica y dos drenaje quirúrgicos,requiriendo además un catéter de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal.No presentó recaídas luefo de 12 meses de control

Infecciones pleuropulmonares por bacteroides melaninogenicus / Pleuropulmonary infections by bacteroides melaninogenicus

Se revisan los aspectos clínicos de 18 infecciones pleuropulmonares por Bacteroides melaninogenicus. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaba condiciones predisponentes, tales como alcoholismo (4), cirugía torácica y cervical reciente (3), cáncer pulmonar (2), diabetes (1), epilepsia (1), hemotórax (1). Sólo dos pacientes no presentaban factores de riesgo. Los hallazgos radiológicos consistieron en condensación pulmonar en 4, neumonia necrotizante en 3, absceso pulmonar en 3 y derrame pleural en 7. La mayoría de los pacientes tuvo una respuesta deficiente al tratamiento con penicilina, lo cual sugiere resistencia bacteriana o bien inactivación del antibiótico por bacterias aeróbicas presentes en los cultivos. Los pacientes con compromiso pleural curaron con drenaje quirúrgico. Sugerimos que los casos en que se sospecha neumonia anaeróbica con lenta resolución de la infección deberían estudiarse con procedimientos invasivos a fin de identificar al agente causal

Evaluación microbiológica de la efectividad de un compuesto de clorhexidina al 0.2 (por ciento) frente a ciertos microorganismos periodontopáticos / Microbiological evaluation of the efectivity one compound the clorhexidina 0.2 (por ciento) front a some microorganism periodontopatics

Las enfermedades periodontales inflamatorias crónicas, causadas por bacterias gram negativas anaerobicas esencialmente, son responsables del 70 (por ciento) de las pérdidas dentales en los pacientes adultos. Hasta recientemente, la mejor manera de controlar estas enfermedades era mediante métodos mecánicos, pero ahora se ensaya con éxito, sobre todo en los países europeos, con el gluconato de clorhexidina para lograr este propósito. En el presente trabajo se evalúa la efectividad de este compuesto de clorhexidina producido localmente, mediendo su actividad inhibitoria en concentraciones predeterminadas frente a doce cepas microbianas estandarizadas, algunas periodontopáticas. Demostramos que el gluconato de clorhexidina requiere <30 segundos para tener acción letal sobre varios microorganismos, entre ellos especies periodontopáticas; tiene acción letal en una concentración de 0.2 (por ciento) frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Actinomyces viscosus y Candida albicans. Determinada la eficacia del producto local de gluconato de clorhexidina frente a varios microorganismos, nos encontramos en condiciones de estudiar la acción de este compuesto en el paciente para prevenir y/o eliminar la formación de la placa dentobacteriana

Anaerobic infection of the lung and pleural space in tuberculosis.

Prevalence of anaerobic bacterial infection in 120 sputum positive cases of pleuro-pulmonary tuberculosis was found to be 53.3 per cent-either as pure or mixed with aerobes. Bacteroides fragilis and B. Melaninogenicus were isolated in 19 (26.6%) and 12 (18.72%) cases respectively. Sensitivity studies showed that these were most sensitive to metronidazole followed by rifampicin and kanamycin. The possibility of anaerobic infection may be considered in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis who do not respond to routine treatment.

Teste alternativo de sensibilidade de bactérias anaeróbias estritas a agentes antimicrobianos / Alternative susceptibility test of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents

Um total de 25 amostras de bactérias anaeróbias, Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium perfringens e Clostridium difficile foram avaliadas quanto a sensibilidade a vários antimicrobi anos pelo método de eluiçäo do disco em caldo BHI pré-reduzido esterilizado em anaerobiose (PRAS) e os resultados foram comparados com aqueles obtidos por uma metodologia de BHI näo-PRAS. Uma grande correlaçäo entre os dois métodos justifica a indicaçäo desta alternativa como procedimento satisfatório em rotina bacteriológica