Implementação da Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil no município de Porto Alegre: percepções do tutor / Implementation of the strategy breastfeed and feed Brazil in the city of Porto Alegre: tutors perceptions

Os benefícios do aleitamento materno (AM) para a mãe e o recém-nascido são inúmeros. Da mesma forma, a introdução oportuna da alimentação complementar saudável (ACS) durante a infância influenciará na formação de hábitos alimentares saudáveis que repercutirão na saúde na vida adulta. Em 2012, o MS lançou a Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil (EAAB) que tem como objetivo qualificar as ações de promoção do AM e da alimentação complementar saudável para crianças menores de dois anos de idade e aprimorar as competências e habilidades dos profissionais para a promoção do AM e da ACS no seu cotidiano de trabalho nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. A operacionalização da EAAB envolve a formação de tutores, responsáveis por disseminar e dar continuidade aos objetivos e atividades da estratégia, acompanhando o trabalho das equipes das UBS de forma continua e regular. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo do tipo exploratório descritivo, que têm o objetivo de conhecer as percepções do tutor da Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil com relação à implementação da estratégia no município de Porto Alegre. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semi estruturada com 13 tutores. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. O projeto foi aprovado e registrado na Comissão de Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (nº 797.088) e ao Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa e da Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre (nº 839.963) e com a aplicação do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, de acordo com a Resolução 466/2012. Da análise dos dados emergiram dois temas: 1- O processo de trabalho e as questões gerenciais e 2- A implementação da estratégia: avanços e desafios. (Continua)...

The benefits of breastfeeding (BF) for the mother and the newborn are countless. Similarly, the opportune introduction of healthy complementary feeding (HCF)during childhood will have influence onthe development of healthy eating habits which will have repercussions on their health in adulthood.In 2012, the MH launched the Strategy Feed and Breastfeed Brazil (EAAB) which aims to qualify the actions of the promotion of breastfeeding and healthy complementary eating for children under two years of age and to enhance the skills and abilities of professionalsfor the promotionof BF andof HCF in their daily work routine in Basic Health Units. The operationof EAABinvolves training tutors who are responsible for disseminating and maintaining the strategy’s objectives and activities by continuously and regularly following the work of the Basic Health Unit teams. This is a qualitative study, of the descriptive exploratory type, which aims to better understand the perceptions that tutors have of the Strategy Feed and Breastfeed Brazil,regarding the implementation of the strategy in the city of Porto Alegre.Data was collected from semi structured interviews with 13 tutors. It was performedcontent analysis of the thematic type. The project was approved and booked inthe Research Committee of the Federal University of Nursing of Rio Grande do Sul(nº 797.088), to the Ethics and Research Committee and to the Municipality of Porto Alegre(nº 839.963), and it had the application of the Informed Consent Form, in accordance with Resolution 466/2012. From the data analysis two themes emerged: (1) the process of labor and the management issues and (2) the implementation...

Effectiveness of Community Health Workers (CHWS) in the Provision of Basic Preventive and Curative Maternal; Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) Interventions: A Systematic Review

Due to a shortage of health workers; many low income countries rely on community health workers (CHWs) for the provision of a wide range of primary health care services; both curative and preventive; including maternal newborn and child health (MNCH) interventions. Several systematic reviews have analysed the contribution of CHWs although none has specifically focused on their role in relation to MNCH. This review was designed to find evidence of the effectiveness of CHWs in providing basic preventive and curative MNCH interventions; and to identify the factors that are crucial to their performance. It was restricted to articles published from 1998-2008 in the eng language. It included studies with qualitative and quantitative designs. Six electronic databases were searched and data was extracted using a pretested data extraction form designed basing on the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) guidelines (2008). A narrative synthesis approach was used. The quality of included studies was assessed using pretested validity assessment tools and the applicability of interventions was evaluated using the RE-AIM framework. After the filtering; 14 studies were critically appraised; and the majority (12/14) demonstrated that CHWs were effective at reducing neonatal/child mortality rates; promoting breastfeeding practices; increasing sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) coverage for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp); they provided depot medroxy-progesterone acetate (DMPA) injections as safely as qualified staff; and treated malaria in children effectively; thereby reducing workload of health professionals at peripheral health facilities. Crucial factors to their performance included training; remuneration; inadequate medical supplies; and lack of career development structure. The review shows that CHWs can be effective at providing basic curative and preventive MNCH interventions. Developing country health systems can make use of this available resource to increase access of MNCH interventions

Tetinas de mamaderas: tratamiento por métodos químicos / Teast: treatment with chemical methods

Este trabajo pretende mostrar el grado de contaminación que tienen las tetinas que se reutilizan y la dificultad que presenta la total eliminación de las bacterias que las colonizan. El objetivo del estudio es lograr la decontaminación microbiana de dichas tetinas, mediante la utilización de un método químico eficaz y económico. Para ello se elige el hipoclorito de sodio. Se prueban concentraciones del 1 por ciento o y 1 por ciento y un tiempo de exposición de 30 minutos. Su efectividad se determina para el elemento en estudio y testigos microbianos. los resultados se comparan con el método de vapor saturado a presión. Se observa que el hipoclorito de sodio es activo sobre inóculos de Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus suspendidos en solución fisiológica y que disminuye su poder bactericida frente a la presencia de leche. Se comprueba que los métodos químico y físico seleccionados no son eficaces sobre las tetinas en uso. Se concluye que, aunque el hipoclorito de sodio al 1 por ciento no logra la esterilización del elemento en estudio, se podría emplear como agente desinfectante si previamente se efectúa una correcta higienización