A New Record of Pseudallescheria boydii Isolated from Crop Field Soil in Korea

Pseudallescheria boydii KNU13-2 was isolated from crop field soil and identified by analysis of internal transcribed spacer regions of rDNA and morphological characteristics. In the literature, P. boydii has been mentioned as a human pathogen. This is the first record of P. boydii isolated from crop field soil in Korea.

A Case of Localized Skin Infection Due to Scedosporium apiospermum Diagnosed by DNA Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region / 대한의진균학회지

Scedosporium apiospermum is an asexual state of Pseudallescheria boydii which has been isolated from soil, sewage, and decaying vegetation. It can cause cutaneous infections by traumatic implantation of the contaminant due to penetrating injury. This ubiquitous fungus cause not only mycetoma, but also infections of variety of body sites including the skin. The localized skin infection due to this organism is much rare than mycetoma. We report a case of cutaneous S. apiospermum infection occurred in 80-year-old male. The skin lesion was manifested by a 8.0 x 4.0 cm-sized erythematous plaque with pustules and crusts on the dorsum of right hand. The fungal culture from the biopsy specimen on Sabouraud's dextrose agar showed white to gray colored cottony colonies of S. apiospermum. The nucleotide sequence of internal transcribed spacer for clinical isolate was identical to that of S. apiospermum strain IHEM 23829. The patient was treated with oral fluconazole for 3 months.

A Case of Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum Infection Successfully Treated with Voriconazole / 대한피부과학회지

Scedosporium apiospermum, an asexual state of Pseudallescheria boydii, is a widely distributed mould that can be found in the soil, manure, stagnant water and decaying vegetation. It has become an emerging pathogen among immunosuppressed patients but it can also cause infections in immunocompetent patients by penetrating trauma. This fungus is a classical cause of mycetoma and the localized skin infections caused by this mould are much rarer than mycetoma. We report a case of cutaneous S. apiospermum infection in a 79-year-old woman. She had erythematous plaque with crust and violaceous supprative nodules on the right forearm. The culture from pus showed typical white to gray colored cottony colonies of S. apiospermum. Treatment was started with voriconazole effectively. Skin lesions completely cured with no reccurence. Thus, voriconazole shows to be an effective treatment for Scedosporium infection.

El complejo Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium y taxas afines en la rutina del laboratorio micológico clínico / The Pseudallescheria/Scedoporium complex and related taxa in the routine of clinic mycological laboratory

El complejo Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium y taxas relacionados, pertenecientes a un grupo de microhongos con conidios viscosos e integrantes del orden Microascales, se presentan en diversos ambientes comunes asociados a las actividades humanas, ya sea en el suelo como en aguas contaminadas. Actualmente se consideran entre los mayores grupos de hongos filamentosos oportunistas causante de infecciones cutáneas y profundas en el hombre y otros mamíferos. El objetivo principal de este trabajo, consiste en reunir los datos primarios morfofisiológicos más relevantes, útiles para el micólogo médico en el laboratorio, con el aporte adicional de algunos aspectos, biológicos, ecológicos, taxonómicos y moleculares complementarios descritos en la literatura moderna.

The Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium complex and their related taxa are a group of fungus that conidia are presents in viscous mass and belong to the order Microascales. They are in several common enviroment related to human activities either in soil as in contaminated water. Nowadays they are considerated one of the most opportunistic group of filamentous fungus that may cause superficial and deep skin mycoses infections in man and other mammalian. The aim of this work is to gather the primary relevant morphophysiological aspects, usefull to the medical mycologist in the laboratory, plus the contribution of some of biological, ecological, taxonomical and moleculars complementary aspects that are describe in modern literature.

Invasive fungal infections after renal transplantation

Invasive fungal infection [IFI] is a leading cause of infection-related mortality among kidney allograft recipients. To estimate the incidence and etiology of systemic fungal infection in renal allograft recipients in Sydney transplant facility. 471 kidney recipients, transplanted between 2000 and 2010 at the Westmead Hospital renal transplantation center, Sydney, Australia, were retrospectively surveyed. IFI developed in 10 [2.1%] of 471 patients. With a meanlSD new kidney transplants per year of 42.9 +/- 13, the mean +/- SD incidence of IFI was 0.9 +/- 0.6 for each year of transplantation. 4 patients had received kidneys from living donors and 7 from cadavers with a meant SD age of 50.5 +/- 14 years. The mean time to IFI was 33 months after transplantation with majority within the first 2 years. Cryptococcus neo-formanswas responsible for 50% of episodes [n=5] followed by Aspergillus fumigatus [n=3], and Pseudallescheria boydii [n=3]; there was a single case of mucurmycosis. Lungs [n=5] followed by meninges [n=4] and skin [n=3] were the most commonly involved sites. IFI remains a major concern in renal transplantation. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and treatment to reduce the mortality. In this regard, appropriate diagnostic tests are necessary, particularly for C. neoformans

Localized Cutaneous Infection due to Scedosporium apiospermum / 대한의진균학회지

Scedosporium(S) apiospermum is the asexual stage of Pseudallescheria boydii. The organism has been isolated from polluted water, soil, sewage and potted plants in a hospital with low virulence. This ubiquitous fungus causes not only mycetoma, but also infections of variety of body sites including the skin. Localized skin infection without grain production due to this organism is much rarer than mycetoma. Infection may occur via direct inoculation and usually affects the extremities. We report a case of localized cutaneous infection due to S. apiospermum which occurred in a 79-year old female. She presented multiple erythematous papulopustules on the right wrist. Culture isolation for definitive diagnosis showed S. apiospermum. The patient was treated successfully with oral itraconazole 200 mg daily for 4 weeks.

A Case of Scedosporium Apiospermum Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Patient / 대한내과학회지

Scedosporium apiospermum, an asexual form of Pseudallescheria boydii, is a saprophytic mold with a worldwide distribution. It may cause severe pulmonary or disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients who have undergone organ transplantation, have hematological malignancies, or have received corticosteroid therapy. However, in immunocompetent patients, it usually produces localized infection and has been reported to cause pneumonia after near-drowning in polluted water. We present here the case of an immunocompetent 72-year-old woman with pneumonia caused by S. apiospermum.

Disseminated Scedosporium apiospermum Infection Induced from Aspiration Pneumonia after Near-Drowning / 결핵및호흡기질환

Scedosporium apiospermum, the anamorph of Pseudallescheria boydii, is a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus. S. apiospermum can cause life-threatening infections usually in immunocompromised patients or after near-drowning incidents. Here, we report the first case of disseminated infection caused by S. apiospermum after near-drowning in Korea. A 44-year-old healthy man developed aspiration pneumonia, followed by multiple brain abscesses, and endopthalmitis, after a near-drowning incident in a septic tank. S. apiospermum infection was diagnosed on the 33rd day after the incident had occurred. The patient died from the progressive renal failure 255 days after incident, although he had been treated with voriconazole.

Scedosporium apiospermum brain abscess: an emerging challenge

Invasive fungal infection of the brain in immunocompromised patients is frequently fatal. New opportunistic fungal infections with resistance to many antifungal agents are identified. Scedosporium species [Pseudallescheria boydii] is one of them. Fortunately, the infection is not common and only occasional cases are encountered. A case of Scedosporium brain abscess was treated in a relatively preserved, immunocompromised elderly lady who did not respond to antifungal treatment with voriconazole. This is the first case of Scedosporium brain abscess to be reported in the Gulf. An emerging medical challenge is highlighted and the literature reviewed

Pulmonary Fungal Ball of Pseudallescheria boydiiIdentified by LSU rDNA D2 Region Sequencing / 대한임상미생물학회지

We report a case of pulmonary fungal ball of Pseudallescheria boydii (Scedosporium apiospermum, the anamorph) and the result of LSU rDNA D2 region sequencing of the clinical isolate. An immunocompetent 58-year-old female suffered 2-year history of hemoptysis. Her symptom persisted despite the administration of oral itraconazole, even though the clinical, radiological, and histological findings suggested Aspergilloma. In the fungal culture, the typical morphology of S. apiospermum was observed. Even though the sequencing using LSU rDNA D2 region identified the organism as Pseudallescheria ellipsoidea, one of the P. boydii complex, the further investigation of ours suggested that the species in P. boydii complex could not be differentiated from each other by the sequencing of LSU rDNA D2 region.

Isolated frontal sinusitis due to Pseudallescheria boydii.

We report a case of recurrent sino-nasal fungal infection due to Pseudallescheria boydii (P. boydii) in a 33-year-old diabetic woman. It is very essential to identify P. boydii, as Miconazole is the only antifungal drug of choice. However, histological examination of the specimen for clinching clues such as intercalary conidia and chlamydoconidia plays an important role in identifying P. boydii, when fungal culture fails to yield the growth. On follow-up, the woman responded for the treatment with Miconazole and is free of symptoms, with no recurrence after 6 months.

A Case of Localized Skin Infection Due to Scedosporium apiospermum / 대한피부과학회지

Scedosporium(S.) apiospermum is the asexual stage of Pseudallescheria boydii. It has been isolated from soil, plant debris, polluted water and sewage. It is an opportunistic organism with low virulence. Infection may occur via direct inoculation. This ubiquitous fungus causes not only mycetoma, but also infections of a variety of body sites including the skin. Localized skin infection without granule or grain production due to this organism is much rarer than mycetoma. We report a case of cutaneous S. apiospermum infection which occurred in a 69-year-old woman. The lesion was manifested by a 5.0 x 4.0 cm-sized, scaly erythematous plaque on the dorsum of the right hand. The fungal culture from the biopsy specimen on Sabouraud's dextrose agar showed white to gray colored floccose colonies of S. apiospermum. The patient was treated with 200 mg of itraconazole daily for 3 months. Skin lesions were completely cured and recurrence has not been observed to date.

A Case of Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum Infection / 대한피부과학회지

Scedosporium (S.) apiospermum is the asexual stage of Pseudallescheria (P.) boydi. The organism is ubiquitous in nature, and has a world-wide distribution. It has been isolated from soil, plant debris, polluted water and sewage. It is an opportunistic organism with low virulence. Infection may occur via direct inoculation and usually affects the extremities. We report a case of cutaneous S. apiospermum infection which occurred in a 58-year-old male during immunosuppressive therapy, 3 months after a kidney transplantation. He presented with an one-month history of cutaneous nodules on the dorsum of the right foot. Cultural isolation showed S. apiospermum and we treated him daily with itraconazole and drainage.

A Case of Disseminated Infection Due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a Liver-transplantation Recipient / 대한진단검사의학회지

Scedosporium apiospermum, an anamorph of Pseudallescheria boydii, is a ubiquitous saprophytic mold. Now a day, S. apiospermum is an emerging pathogen related to a significant morbidity and high mortality in transplant recipients. For the first time in Korea, we report a case of disseminated infection caused by S. apiospermum after liver transplantation. A 47-year-old woman underwent living donor liver transplantataion for billiary cirrhosis. She was treated with cyclosporine A, methylprednisolone, and prophylactic antibiotics including amphotericin B. She was found to have developed pneumonia and brain abscess at postoperative day 9 and 17 by chest X-ray and brain CT, respectively. Cultures of endotracheal aspirates and aspirates of brain abscess yielded S. apiospermum. Despite of antifungal therapy with amphotericin B, voriconazole, and caspofungin and removal of mycotic aneurysm of the brain, the patient died on postoperative day 33.

A Case of Localized Skin Infection Due to Scedosporium Apiospermum / 대한피부과학회지

Scedosporium(S). apiospermum is the asexual stage of Pseudallescheria boydii. This ubiquitous fungus causes not only mycetoma but also infection of a variety of body sites including the skin. Localized skin infection without grain production due to this organism is much rarer than mycetoma. We report a case of cutaneous S. apiospermum infection which occured in a 75-year old female. She had multiple suppurative nodules with pustules on a dark red plaque at the dorsum of the right forearm. Cultural isolation for definitive diagnosis showed typical S. apiospermum. The patient was treated successfully with oral terbinafine 250mg daily for 1 week and oral itraconazole 200mg daily for 3 weeks.

Chronic sino-naso-orbital fungal infection due to Pseudallescheria boydii in a nonimmunocompromised host--a case report.

A case of recurrent sino-naso-orbital fungal infection due to Pseudallescheria boydii described in a 28 yrs. old man, who appeared immunocompetent, and was found negative for HIV I and II by ELISA tested on two occasions. The fungal culture was negative. It is very essential to identify P boydii as Miconazole is the only antifungal drug of choice for this fungus. The pathologist plays an important role in identifying this fungus when fungal culture fails to yield the growth. The pathologist has to look for clinching clues such as "intercalary conidia" and "chlamydoconidia" to distinguish P boydii from Aspergillus.

A Case of Cutaneous Abscess Due to Scedosporium apiospermum / 대한피부과학회지

Scedosporium apiospermum is the asexual stage of Pseudallescheria boydii that is ubiquitous in nature. The localized cutaneous abscess due to S. apiospermum is rare and it is usually originated from the traumatic inoculation of fungal elements. We report a case of cutaneous abscess caused by S. apiospermum. A 67-year-old woman presented with one-year history of subcutaneous nodules on the left forearm, which had been misdiagnosed as cutaneous tuberculosis. Cultural isolation for definitive diagnosis showed typical S. apiospermum.

Rinosinusitis por pseudallescheria boydii: caso clínico / Rhinosinusitis caused by pseudallescheria boydii: a clinical case

Se presenta un caso clínico de rinosinusitis etmoidomaxilar micótica por Pseudallescheria boydii, con presentación de bola fúngica maxilar en una paciente inmunocompetente de 42 años de edad. El diagnóstico de infección por hongo fue efectuado por histopatología, y la identificación del agente, por estudio microbiológico. Fue tratada quirúrgicamente sin recibir tratamiento antifúngico sistémico. Evolucionó satisfactoriamente y con exámenes endoscópicos que mostraron un seno maxilar libre de enfermedad hasta el último control dos meses después del tratamiento quirúrgico. Se comentan aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos de la pseudallescheriosis rinosinusal

fatal pseudallescheria boydii brain abscess

We present the clinical and radiological features of pseudallescheria boydii infection in a middle aged woman who presented with right frontal pseudallescheria abscess after two years use of prednisolone for rheumatoid arthritis. Despite early surgical excision and intravenous antifungal treatment she died after 7 weeks despite aggressive therapy