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1.
Braz. dent. j ; 22(6): 502-510, 2011. ilus, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-622725

Résumé

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of specific parameters of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans or an association of both species. Single and dual-species biofilms - SSB and DSB - were exposed to laser doses of 5, 10 or 20 J/cm2 from a near infrared InGaAsP diode laser prototype (LASERTable; 780 ± 3 nm, 0.04 W). After irradiation, the analysis of biobilm viability (MTT assay), biofilm growth (cfu/mL) and cell morphology (SEM) showed that LLLT reduced cell viability as well as the growth of biofilms. The response of S. mutans (SSB) to irradiation was similar for all laser doses and the biofilm growth was dose dependent. However, when associated with C. albicans (DSB), S. mutans was resistant to LLLT. For C. albicans, the association with S. mutans (DSB) caused a significant decrease in biofilm growth in a dose-dependent fashion. The morphology of the microorganisms in the SSB was not altered by LLLT, while the association of microbial species (DSB) promoted a reduction in the formation of C. albicans hyphae. LLLT had an inhibitory effect on the microorganisms, and this capacity can be altered according to the interactions between different microbial species.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de parâmetros específicos de irradiação com laser de baixa intensidade sobre biofilmes formados por Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Candida albicans (C. albicans) ou associação de ambas as espécies. Biofilmes isolados ou associados destes microrganismos foram irradiados com um dispositivo laser infra-vermelho próximo de diodos InGaAsP (LaserTABLE 780 ±3 nm, 0,04W), utilizando-se para isto o dispositivo LASERTable. Quinze horas após a irradiação, foi demonstrado, por meio da avaliação da viabilidade celular (Teste de MTT), da morfologia das células (MEV) e do crescimento do biofilme (UFC/mL), que esta terapia foi capaz de reduzir o metabolismo celular, número de microrganismos presentes no biofilme, bem como seu crescimento no local. Quanto à viabilidade celular, a resposta à irradiação do biofilme de S. mutans (SSB) foi semelhante para todas as doses de energia, sendo que o crescimento do biofilme foi dose dependente. Porém, quando associado à C. albicans, este microrganismo apresentou resistência à fototerapia. Já a C. albicans associada ao S. mutans apresentou redução de crescimento significativa, sendo este resultado também foi dose dependente. A morfologia dos microrganismos não foi alterada pelas irradiações realizadas quando em biofilmes isolados. A associação entre os microrganismos promoveu redução na formação de hifas pela C. albicans. A laserterapia de baixa intensidade apresentou efeito inibitório sobre microrganismos, sendo que esta capacidade pode ser alterada de acordo com a interação entre diferentes microrganismos.


Sujets)
Humains , Biofilms/effets des radiations , Candida albicans/effets des radiations , Lasers à semiconducteur , Photothérapie de faible intensité/instrumentation , Bouche/microbiologie , Streptococcus mutans/effets des radiations , Techniques bactériologiques , Biofilms/croissance et développement , Candida albicans/croissance et développement , Candida albicans/ultrastructure , Agents colorants , Relation dose-effet des rayonnements , Hyphae/effets des radiations , Test de matériaux , Microscopie électronique à balayage , Interactions microbiennes/effets des radiations , Viabilité microbienne/effets des radiations , Mycologie/méthodes , Dose de rayonnement , Streptococcus mutans/croissance et développement , Streptococcus mutans/ultrastructure , Succinate Dehydrogenase/analyse , Température , Facteurs temps , Sels de tétrazolium , Thiazoles
2.
Bauru; s.n; 2010. 117 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thèse Dans Portugais | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-564721

Résumé

O presente estudo foi dividido em quatro etapas distintas. A primeira etapa teve por objetivo avaliar a liberação de xilitol na saliva de humanos ao longo do tempo após aplicação de verniz controle e contendo 10% e 20% de xilitol. Um estudo cruzado foi realizado pela aplicação de 32 mg de cada verniz sobre as superfícies vestibulares de todos os incisivos centrais de 10 voluntários. Amostras salivares foram coletadas no baseline e após 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1 h 30 min, 2 h, 4 h e 8 h da aplicação dos vernizes para posterior análise da concentração de xilitol na saliva. Um estudo clínico foi realizado na segunda etapa com o objetivo de verificar a influência do verniz contendo xilitol a 20% sobre a contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans provenientes de biofilme dentário. Semanalmente, 32 mg de verniz controle (grupo G1) ou verniz contendo xilitol a 20% (grupo G2) foram aleatoriamente aplicados sobre as superfícies vestibulares dos incisivos centrais de 67 crianças. Após quatro semanas de procedimento, amostras de biofilme dentário foram coletadas do terço cervical de todos os dentes presentes na cavidade bucal e a contagem relativa e absoluta dos microrganismos foi determinada. A terceira etapa objetivou analisar a influência do xilitol sobre a ultra-estrutura de Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33478 e Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 25175. Além disso, a capacidade do xilitol e do flúor em promover estresse celular em S. mutans UA 159 geneticamente modificados (deleção do gene vicK) foi determinada na quarta etapa. As concentrações de xilitol na saliva (F=5,228, p=0,024) em diferentes tempos de coleta (F=18,24, p<0,0001) foram estatisticamente diferentes após aplicação dos vernizes contendo 10% e 20% do açúcar (etapa 1). Na etapa 2, contagens absolutas inicial e final de estreptococos do grupo mutans (Teste-t, p=0,4192) e de estreptococos totais (Teste-t, p=0,3506) não foram significativamente diferentes nos indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo G2...


This study was divided in four distinct stages. The first one aimed to assess the xylitol release in human saliva along time after application of control, 10% or 20% xylitol varnishes. A cross-over design study was performed by application of 32 mg of each varnish on buccal surfaces of all incisors of 10 volunteers. Salivary samples were collected to analyze the xylitol concentration in baseline and after 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1 h 30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h from varnishes application. A clinical study was executed in the second stage aiming observe the influence of 20% xylitol varnish on mutans streptococci counts from dental plaque. Weekly, 32 mg of control varnish (group G1) or 20% xylitol varnish (group G2) were randomly applied on buccal surfaces of central incisors of 67 children. After 4 weeks of procedures, dental plaque samples were collected from cervical of all teeth and relative and absolute counts of microorganisms were determined. The third stage aimed to analyze the effect of xylitol on the ultrastructure of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33478 and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 25175. Moreover, the capacity of xylitol and fluoride to promote cellular stress in S. mutans UA 159 knockout vick gene was determined in the fourth stage. Salivary xylitol concentrations (F=5,228, p=0,024) in different collection times (F=18,24, p<0,0001) were statistically different after 10% and 20% varnishes application (stage 1). In stage 2, initial and final absolute mutans streptococci (Teste-t, p=0,4192) and total streptococci counts (Teste-t, p=0,3506) did not differ significantly in volunteers from group G2. However, a significant reduction of initial and final relative mutans streptococci counts was observed in relation to total streptococci (Teste-t, p= 0,0095). 20% xylitol promoted alterations in morphology of S. mutans ATCC 33478 and S. sobrinus, ATCC 25175, resulting in more diffuse and less...


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Jeune adulte , Cariostatiques , Salive/composition chimique , Streptococcus mutans/croissance et développement , Streptococcus mutans , Xylitol/usage thérapeutique , Analyse de variance , Numération de colonies microbiennes , Milieux de culture , Caries dentaires/prévention et contrôle , Plaque dentaire/microbiologie , Plaque dentaire/prévention et contrôle , Statistique non paramétrique , Streptococcus mutans/ultrastructure , Facteurs temps , Xylitol/composition chimique
3.
Bauru; s.n; 2010. 117 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thèse Dans Portugais | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-865261

Résumé

O presente estudo foi dividido em quatro etapas distintas. A primeira etapa teve por objetivo avaliar a liberação de xilitol na saliva de humanos ao longo do tempo após aplicação de verniz controle e contendo 10% e 20% de xilitol. Um estudo cruzado foi realizado pela aplicação de 32 mg de cada verniz sobre as superfícies vestibulares de todos os incisivos centrais de 10 voluntários. Amostras salivares foram coletadas no baseline e após 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1 h 30 min, 2 h, 4 h e 8 h da aplicação dos vernizes para posterior análise da concentração de xilitol na saliva. Um estudo clínico foi realizado na segunda etapa com o objetivo de verificar a influência do verniz contendo xilitol a 20% sobre a contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans provenientes de biofilme dentário. Semanalmente, 32 mg de verniz controle (grupo G1) ou verniz contendo xilitol a 20% (grupo G2) foram aleatoriamente aplicados sobre as superfícies vestibulares dos incisivos centrais de 67 crianças. Após quatro semanas de procedimento, amostras de biofilme dentário foram coletadas do terço cervical de todos os dentes presentes na cavidade bucal e a contagem relativa e absoluta dos microrganismos foi determinada. A terceira etapa objetivou analisar a influência do xilitol sobre a ultra-estrutura de Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33478 e Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 25175. Além disso, a capacidade do xilitol e do flúor em promover estresse celular em S. mutans UA 159 geneticamente modificados (deleção do gene vicK) foi determinada na quarta etapa. As concentrações de xilitol na saliva (F=5,228, p=0,024) em diferentes tempos de coleta (F=18,24, p<0,0001) foram estatisticamente diferentes após aplicação dos vernizes contendo 10% e 20% do açúcar (etapa 1). Na etapa 2, contagens absolutas inicial e final de estreptococos do grupo mutans (Teste-t, p=0,4192) e de estreptococos totais (Teste-t, p=0,3506) não foram significativamente diferentes nos indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo G2...


This study was divided in four distinct stages. The first one aimed to assess the xylitol release in human saliva along time after application of control, 10% or 20% xylitol varnishes. A cross-over design study was performed by application of 32 mg of each varnish on buccal surfaces of all incisors of 10 volunteers. Salivary samples were collected to analyze the xylitol concentration in baseline and after 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1 h 30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h from varnishes application. A clinical study was executed in the second stage aiming observe the influence of 20% xylitol varnish on mutans streptococci counts from dental plaque. Weekly, 32 mg of control varnish (group G1) or 20% xylitol varnish (group G2) were randomly applied on buccal surfaces of central incisors of 67 children. After 4 weeks of procedures, dental plaque samples were collected from cervical of all teeth and relative and absolute counts of microorganisms were determined. The third stage aimed to analyze the effect of xylitol on the ultrastructure of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 33478 and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 25175. Moreover, the capacity of xylitol and fluoride to promote cellular stress in S. mutans UA 159 knockout vick gene was determined in the fourth stage. Salivary xylitol concentrations (F=5,228, p=0,024) in different collection times (F=18,24, p<0,0001) were statistically different after 10% and 20% varnishes application (stage 1). In stage 2, initial and final absolute mutans streptococci (Teste-t, p=0,4192) and total streptococci counts (Teste-t, p=0,3506) did not differ significantly in volunteers from group G2. However, a significant reduction of initial and final relative mutans streptococci counts was observed in relation to total streptococci (Teste-t, p= 0,0095). 20% xylitol promoted alterations in morphology of S. mutans ATCC 33478 and S. sobrinus, ATCC 25175, resulting in more diffuse and less...


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Jeune adulte , Adulte , Cariostatiques , Salive/composition chimique , Streptococcus mutans/croissance et développement , Streptococcus mutans , Xylitol/usage thérapeutique , Analyse de variance , Numération de colonies microbiennes , Milieux de culture , Caries dentaires/prévention et contrôle , Plaque dentaire/microbiologie , Plaque dentaire/prévention et contrôle , Statistique non paramétrique , Streptococcus mutans/ultrastructure , Facteurs temps , Xylitol/composition chimique
4.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 41(12): 1047-1053, Dec. 2008. ilus, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-502156

Résumé

Streptococcus mutans membrane-bound P- and F-type ATPases are responsible for H+ extrusion from the cytoplasm thus keeping intracellular pH appropriate for cell metabolism. Toluene-permeabilized bacterial cells have long been used to study total membrane-bound ATPase activity, and to compare the properties of ATPase in situ with those in membrane-rich fractions. The aim of the present research was to determine if toluene permeabilization can significantly modify the activity of membrane-bound ATPase of both F-type and P-type. ATPase activity was assayed discontinuously by measuring phosphate release from ATP as substrate. Treatment of S. mutans membrane fractions with toluene reduced total ATPase activity by approximately 80 percent and did not allow differentiation between F- and P-type ATPase activities by use of the standard inhibitors vanadate (3 µM) and oligomycin (4 µg/mL). Transmission electron microscopy shows that, after S. mutans cells permeabilization with toluene, bacterial cell wall and plasma membrane are severely injured, causing cytoplasmic leakage. As a consequence, loss of cell viability and disruption of H+ extrusion were observed. These data suggest that treatment of S. mutans with toluene is an efficient method for cell disruption, but care should be taken in the interpretation of ATPase activity when toluene-permeabilized cells are used, because results may not reflect the real P- and F-type ATPase activities present in intact cell membranes. The mild conditions used for the preparation of membrane fractions may be more suitable to study specific ATPase activity in the presence of biological agents, since this method preserves ATPase selectivity for standard inhibitors.


Sujets)
Bacterial Proton-Translocating ATPases/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Perméabilité des membranes cellulaires/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Solvants/pharmacologie , Streptococcus mutans/enzymologie , Toluène/pharmacologie , Bacterial Proton-Translocating ATPases/physiologie , Microscopie électronique à transmission , Streptococcus mutans/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Streptococcus mutans/ultrastructure
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