A Case of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Mixed with Osteosarcoma of the Parotid Gland Extending to the Parapharyngeal Space / 대한이비인후과학회지

Carcinosarcomas, also known as true malignant mixed tumors, are rare tumors of the salivary gland and are composed of both malignant epithelial and malignant mesenchymal elements. They may occur in pre-existing pleomorphic adenomas or arise de novo. Here we report the first case of carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland composed of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and osteosarcoma. The tumor had originated from the parotid gland and extended into the parapharyngeal space. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on mucoepidermoid carcinoma mixed with osteosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland.

Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención y manejo del cáncer de cuello uterino. Guía técnica / Guide to clinical practice for the prevention and management of cervical cancer. Technical guide

La guía incluye estrategias innovadoras, como un modelo de tamizaje y tratamiento de casos que orienta a los profesionales de la salud para el manejo adecuado del cáncer de cuello uterino a nivel nacional

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastric stump following Billroth II gastrectomy: case report and review of the literature / Adenocarcinoma neuroendócrino misto do coto gástrico após gastrectomia à Billroth II: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

CONTEXT: Gastric stump cancer after gastric resection is a well-known disease. It may be a newly developed cancer after resection due to benign disease, or recurrent or residual disease after oncological surgery. The predominant histological type is usually adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to report on a rare occurrence of a mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) on the gastric stump. CASE REPORT: The case of an 83-year-old female who presented a locally aggressive gastric stump MANEC, 35 years after Billroth II gastrectomy to treat a peptic ulcer, is reported. The patient underwent resection and adjuvant therapy. She has been followed up for one year without signs of recurrence. CONCLUSION: MANEC is a rare type of gastrointestinal neoplasm. The classification, histopathology, clinical features, treatment issues and prognosis are discussed along with a brief review of the literature.

CONTEXTO: O câncer de coto gástrico após gastrectomia é uma condição extensamente documentada. Pode se tratar de doença desenvolvida após a ressecção por doença benigna, ou ainda doença recorrente ou residual após cirurgia oncológica. Geralmente, o tipo histológico predominante é o adenocarcinoma. Este estudo tem como propósito relatar a rara ocorrência de um adenocarcinoma neuroendócrino misto (MANEC) no coto gástrico. RELATO DE CASO: É relatado o caso de uma mulher de 83 anos que apresentou um MANEC localmente agressivo 35 anos após uma gastrectomia à Billroth II devido a úlcera péptica. Foi submetida a ressecção e terapia adjuvante e foi seguida por 12 meses sem sinais de recorrência. CONCLUSÃO: Os MANECs constituem raro tipo de neoplasia gastrointestinal. Sua classificação, histopatologia, aspectos clínicos, tratamento e prognóstico são discutidos junto com uma breve revisão de literatura.

Pleomorphic Adenoma with Sarcomatous Change in a Lacrimal Gland

A 69-year-old man was referred with left exophthalmos. Computed tomographic (CT) findings detected a well-circumscribed mass in the left side of the intraorbital cavity. At that time, he refused the further evaluation and treatment. About three years later, the size of the mass had enlarged, and the patient's symptoms were getting worse. The mass was completely removed with frontotemporal craniotomy and superolateral orbitotomy. In operative findings, the mass had originated in the lacrimal gland and was well-encapsulated without invasion to the surrounding tissue. In the pathologic findings, the tumor consisted of pleomorphic adenoma with osteosarcomatous change of stromal components. Postoperatively, the adjuvant radiotherapy was done four weeks later. The patient's symptoms were improved. The pleomorphic adenoma with osteosarcomatous change is extremely rare and appropriate treatment is not clearly established. We would like to report this rare case with a review of the literature.

Pathobiology of ovarian carcinomas / 癌症

Ovarian tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions, displaying distinct tumor pathology and oncogenic potentiel. These tumors are subdivided into three main categories: epithelial, germ cell, and sex-cord stromal tumors. We report herein the newly described molecular abnormalities in epithelial ovarian cancers (carcinomas). Immunohistochemistry and molecular testing help pathologists to decipher the significant heterogeneity of this disease. Our better understanding of the molecular basis of ovarian carcinomas represents the first step in the development of targeted therapies in the near future.

A Case of Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma at 1st Operation

PURPOSE: To report a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma observed during the patient's first operation. CASE SUMMARY: A 63-year-old female presented with proptosis and ptosis that was aggravated 1 year prior. On preoperative CT image, a 32 x 20 x 21 mm-sized well demarcated mass (suspected as pleomorphic adenoma) was observed and was removed entirely by anterolateral orbitotomy. The excised mass surface was uneven but the capsule appeared intact on gross examination. Hard, yellow-colored and soft, dark-colored materials were found concurrently on cross section. The histological examination showed malignant cells as part of the soft material and was diagnosed as carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland that presented with malignant change during the patient's first operation. Supposedly, during the process of mass growth, minimal rupture occurred causing malignant transformation. Clinically, although a mass is believed benign based on imaging, the possibility of malignant transformation of a tumor increasing rapidly or enlargement causing development of rapid proptosis should be considered.

A Case of Giant Carcinosarcoma of the Parotid Gland / 대한이비인후과학회지

Carcinosarcoma, or true malignant mixed tumor of the salivary gland, is a very rare malignant tumor comprised of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements and accounts for only 0.04-0.16% of all salivary gland tumors. Carcinosarcoma usually occurs in the parotid gland. Other locations including submandibular gland, minor salivary gland, uterus, bladder or lung have been reported. We report a rare case of carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland in an 85-year-old female. The tumor was large, about 19x17 cm in size, and was successfully excised.

RE: Atypical Pulmonary Metastases from Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.

Collision tumor of the kidney composed of clear cell carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma: report of a case with unusual morphology and clinical follow-up / 癌症

We report the case of a 67-year-old female who presented with a large renal mass. Gross examination of the nephrectomy specimen demonstrated a 6-cm renal mass that invaded into the renal sinus and perinephric fat. Histologic examination revealed two distinct tumor types. The first type was a conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma that was of low nuclear grade and comprised the minority of the overall tumor. The second type was a high-grade collecting duct carcinoma with glandular/tubular differentiation and composed the majority of the tumor. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated distinctive patterns of the two tumor types, thus confirming two distinct lineages. Five months postoperatively, the patient developed metastasis to the lungs and right hilar lymph node region. A fine needle aspiration of a lung nodule demonstrated a metastatic, poorly differentiated carcinoma, similar to the collecting duct carcinoma component in the kidney. Collision tumors of the kidney are rare with fewer than 10 cases reported in the literature. Our report further expands the spectrum of this rare phenomenon.

Clinicopathologic features of combined hepatic carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate clinicopathological features of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (C-HCC-CC) with neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) differentiation and to review the literature.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data, histological manifestations and immunohistochemical staining results of two cases of C-HCC-CC were analyzed along with a review of the current literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both patients were male with an average age of 57.5 years. Both patients were positive for hepatitis B virus antigen. The tumors of both cases demonstrated the following 3 unequivocal mixed elements: (1) polygonal epithelial tumor cells growing in nests or trabeculae with positive staining for Hepatocyte and AFP, diagnostic of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cytoplasmic bile production was present in the tumor cells in one case; (2) elliptic or short spindle-shape small blue tumor cells growing in nests or organoid pattern with Syn/CgA/CD56 positivity confirming the presence of neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) component; (3) oval tumor cells growing in nests or glandular forms with positivity of CK19 and CK7 confirming differentiation of cholangiocarcinoma (CC). In both cases, the tumors contained at least 20% of each of HCC, NEC and CC components.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>C-HCC-CC with NEC is a rare form of primary malignancy of the liver with a poor prognosis.</p>

A Case of Carcinosarcoma of the Parotid Gland / 대한이비인후과학회지

Carcinosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor, composed of a mixture of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The two-thirds are derived from the parotid gland. Because carcinosarcoma is highly aggressive malignant tumor with high local recurrence and poor survival rates, the combination of radical surgical excision and chemotherapy or radiotherapy is regarded as treatment of choice. However, treatment protocol has not been established. A 73-year-old man presented with a painful mass in the left parotid gland that had been rapidly enlarging for 2 weeks. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed and it showed atypical epithelium. Superficial parotidectomy and modified radical neck dissection were performed for the left parotid gland cancer. The pathological diagnosis was carcinosarcoma and sequential chemoradiotherapy was performed. After a clinical follow-up of 30 months, he has remained free of disease. Based on our experience, we suggest that conservative surgical procedure could be one of the effective therapies.

Mortalidad por tumores malignos en Santiago de Cuba durante 2010 / Mortality due to malignancies in Santiago de Cuba province during 2010

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal sobre la mortalidad por cáncer en la provincia de Santiago de Cuba durante 2010, dada por 1 819 fallecidos por esa causa, para una tasa de 173,9 por cada 100 000 habitantes; cifra aumentada respecto al año anterior, con predominio de la sobremortalidad masculina, de los ancianos de 75 y más años, así como también de los municipios de Mella y II Frente. Los tumores malignos más comunes en las mujeres se localizaron en pulmón, mama y colon, mientras que en los hombres se diagnosticaron preponderantemente en próstata, pulmón y colon, por lo cual se recomienda dirigir y planificar las acciones sanitarias según el riesgo de mortalidad estratificado en cada municipio de esta provincia.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study on mortality due to cancer in Santiago de Cuba province during 2010 was carried out, taking into account 1 819 deceased at a rate of 173,9 every 100 000 inhabitants. This rate increased compared to the previous year with a male mortality predominance of elderly aged 75 and over, as well as mortality in Mella and II Frente municipalities. Most common malignancies in women were detected in lungs, breast, and colon; while in men, they were preponderantly diagnosed in prostate, lungs, and colon. For this reason, it is recommendable addressing and planning health actions according to the stratified mortality risk in each municipality of this province.

Tumor de colisión de cérvix uterino: presentación de 17 casos / Collision tumors of the uterine cervix: report of 17 cases

El tumor de colisión es una variante poco frecuente de tumores del cérvix uterino, originados de las células de reserva de la unión escamocelular y que debe ser diferenciado de los carcinomas adenoescamosos. El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar las características morfológicas de 17 casos de tumor de colisión de cérvix uterino. La edad promedio de presentación fue 48,7 años (rango: 34-87 años). Los 4 casos con metástasis ganglionares correspondieron al componente de adenocarcinoma.

Collision tumor is an uncommon variant of cervical tumors originating from the reserve cells of squamous cell union and must be differentiated from adenosquamous carcinomas. The aim of this paper is to determine the morphological characteristics of 17 cases of collision tumor of uterine cervix, in which it was found that the average age at diagnosis was 48.7 years (range: 34-87 years). In 5 cases lymph node metastases were of the adenocarcinoma component.

Prevalencia histològica de tumor anexial benigno / Histological prevalence of benign adnexal tumor

Constituyen el 15-20% aproximadamente de la patologìa tumoral ginecològica.70% se desarrolla a partir del epitelio germinal.20% son de naturaleza maligna.

Osteoclast-like Giant Cell Tumor of the Parotid Gland Accompanied with Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

The origin of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor (OGCT) of the salivary gland has been debated because the prototypic cells of osteoclast-like cells and mononuclear stromal cells are largely unexplained in this gland. Bone marrow-derived CD14+ and CD45+ monocyte-derived multipotential cells (CD14+/CD45+ MOMC) may be one of the possible origins of OGCTs of salivary glands, which have never been explored in salivary OGCTs. We present a case of OGCT accompanied with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland of a 67-year-old Korean female. The tumor presented as a rapidly growing cervical mass comprising a central area of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and a peripheral circumferential area of OGCT. The immunohistochemical staining pattern was phenotypically consistent with bone marrow-derived CD14+/CD45+ MOMC. This case is the first report of a salivary OGCT in Korea.

Osteoclast-like Giant Cell Tumor of the Parotid Gland Accompanied with Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

The origin of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor (OGCT) of the salivary gland has been debated because the prototypic cells of osteoclast-like cells and mononuclear stromal cells are largely unexplained in this gland. Bone marrow-derived CD14+ and CD45+ monocyte-derived multipotential cells (CD14+/CD45+ MOMC) may be one of the possible origins of OGCTs of salivary glands, which have never been explored in salivary OGCTs. We present a case of OGCT accompanied with carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland of a 67-year-old Korean female. The tumor presented as a rapidly growing cervical mass comprising a central area of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and a peripheral circumferential area of OGCT. The immunohistochemical staining pattern was phenotypically consistent with bone marrow-derived CD14+/CD45+ MOMC. This case is the first report of a salivary OGCT in Korea.

Atypical Pulmonary Metastases from a True Malignant Mixed Tumor of the Parotid Gland

A 58-year-old male patient presented with a recurrent true malignant mixed tumor of the parotid gland. Patchy pulmonary opacities were identified with a chest radiograph. Subsequently, a CT scan of the chest showed pulmonary parenchymal consolidation with amorphous calcifications. This abnormality was confirmed to be the result of a metastatic true malignant mixed tumor by using CT-guided biopsy. The current case demonstrated an extremely rare example of atypical pulmonary metastases from a true malignant mixed tumor of the parotid gland showing an air-space pattern and calcification.

[Malignant ovarian mixed germ cell tumor: a rare case]

Mixed germ cell tumors of the ovary, uncommon but aggressive tumors are seen most often in young women or adolescent girls, and are generally curable if found and treated early. Use of chemotherapy after initial surgery has dramatically improved the prognosis for many females with these tumors. This study reports a case of successful pregnancy in a patient with malignant ovarian mixed germ cell tumor. The patient was an 18-year old nulliparous woman who had pelvic pain, menstruation delay, right Adnex mass and positive B-HCG. She was found to have a malignant mixed germ cell tumor comprising of both embryonal carcinoma and immature teratoma. Treatment consisted of salpingo-oophorectomy with adjunctive chemotherapy. In view of malignant germ cell tumors occurring almost exclusively in young females, preservation of their ovarian function and fertility was an important issue. The present study, confirmed that normal gonadal function and fertility are possible after conservative surgery for ovarian germ cell malignancies, even with adjuvant chemotherapy

Optimization of methods to assess mitochondrial DNA in archival paraffin-embedded tissues from mammary canine tumors / Otimização dos métodos para avaliar o DNA mitocondrial obtido a partir de tumores mamários caninos incluídos em parafina

In this study we describe the alterations used to extract and amplify mitochondrial desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of canine mammary tumors. The epithelial and mesenchymal components (chondromyxoid and chondroid) of each tumor, as well as the normal mammary gland tissues, were manually microdissected from 19 mixed canine mammary tumors (10 benign mixed tumors and nine carcinomas arising in mixed tumors). DNA was extracted by Invisorb® Spin Tissue Mini Kit, with protocol changes proposed by the manufacturer. A 273-bp fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and submitted to automatic sequence analysis. The fragment was successfully analyzed in 100 percent of the samples. However, an additional lysis step, the reduction of volume in buffer solutions and PCR, a higher annealing temperature and an increase in the number of PCR cycles were required. The initial PCR products were diluted and re-amplified in six samples so that they could be successfully analyzed.

A presente comunicação descreve as modificações usadas para extrair e amplificar o DNA mitocondrial obtido de amostras de tumores mamários caninos fixados em formol tamponado a 10 por cento e incluídos em parafina. Os componentes epiteliais e mesenquimais (condromixóide e condróide), bem como a mama normal adjacente, foram microdissectados manualmente de 19 tumores mamários (10 tumores mistos benignos e nove carcinomas em tumores mistos). O DNA foi extraído utilizando-se o Invisorb® Spin Tissue Mini Kit com modificações do protocolo proposto pelo fabricante. Um fragmento de 273-pb foi amplificado por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e seqüenciado em seqüenciador automático. O fragmento foi analisado em 100 por cento das amostras, entretanto modificações como lise adicional, redução do volume das soluções de extração e PCR, aumento da temperatura de anelamento e do número de ciclos de amplificação foram necessárias. Em seis amostras os produtos iniciais de PCR foram diluídos e reamplificados para obtenção de sucesso.