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1.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : S42-S53, 2001.
Article Dans Anglais | WPRIM | ID: wpr-147187

Résumé

The anticarcinogenic effects and mechanisms of the biotechnological drugs of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer cultivated in Russia, bioginseng, panaxel and panaxel- 5, were studied. Bioginseng was produced from a tissue culture of ginseng root cultured on standard medium, whereas panaxel and panaxel-5 were produced from ginseng tissue root cultures using standard mediums enriched with 2-carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and 1-hydroxygermatran-monohydrate respectively. All three ginseng drugs inhibited the development of mammary tumors induced by intramammary injections of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in rats, the development of the brain and spinal cord tumors induced by transplacental administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in rats, and the development of uterine, cervical and vaginal tumors induced by intravaginal applications of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in mice. The ginseng drugs induced the cytotoxic activity of macrophages in mice, enhanced T-lymphocyte rosette formation in guinea pigs exposed to cyclophosphamide, and stimulated the production of thyroid hormones in rats. These mechanisms may contribute to the anticarcinogenic action of the ginseng drugs. The organic germanium compounds present in panaxel and panaxel-5 did not potentiate the anticarcinogenic or immuno- stimulatory effects as much as biogeinseng. Preliminary clinical trials with panaxel and bioginseng were carried out in patients with precancerous lesions of the esophagus and endometrium. Panaxel was found to have a strong therapeutic effect in patients suffering from chronic erosive esophagitis. Bioginseng induced the regression of adenomatous-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium in some patients. Thus, we conclude that the drugs of ginseng appear to hold considerable promise for future cancer chemoprevention.


Sujets)
Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Souris , Rats , Adénocarcinome/induit chimiquement , Animaux , Antinéoplasiques d'origine végétale/usage thérapeutique , Cellules cultivées , Tumeurs du col de l'utérus/induit chimiquement , Essais cliniques comme sujet , Tests de cytotoxicité immunologique , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Tumeurs de l'endomètre/anatomopathologie , Endomètre/anatomopathologie , Tumeurs de l'oesophage/anatomopathologie , Oesophage/anatomopathologie , Oestradiol/sang , Fibroadénome/induit chimiquement , Macrophages péritonéaux/cytologie , Tumeurs expérimentales de la mamelle/induit chimiquement , Souris de lignée C57BL , Tumeurs expérimentales/induit chimiquement , Tumeurs du système nerveux/induit chimiquement , Panax/métabolisme , États précancéreux/anatomopathologie , Techniques de culture , Tumeurs de l'utérus/induit chimiquement , Tumeurs du vagin/induit chimiquement
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 58(2B): 412-7, jun. 2000. tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-264438

Résumé

OBJECTIVES: The industrialization process and nervous system cancer (NSC) mortality in a urban region of Brazil. METHOD: From registries of the State System of Data Analysis Foundation (SEADE), 103 males deaths by NSC (ICD-9) in Baixada Santista (BS), from 1980 to 1993 were selected. Mortality ratios were calculated comparing the standardized mortality rate for ages over 10 years old (G1) and for the age group from 35 to 64 years old, in the industrialized and non-industrialized areas in three periods: 1980-1993, 1980-86, 1987-93. RESULTS: A statiscally significant high mortality was observed in the industrialized area, for ages over 10 in all periods and only from 1980 to 1993 for ages from 34 to 64. The highest mortality ratio occurred from 1980-86 for ages over 10 - 4.12 (CI 1.79-9.42). CONCLUSION: High mortality was probably related to the environmental and occupational exposure to many organic and inorganic chemical substances, considered carcinogenics, such as aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorinated, formaldehyde, nitrogenated compounds and heavy metals, found in the port and industrial complex. We discuss the importance of case-control studies in characterizing the association of these and other risk factors in the determination of NSC.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Enfant , Adolescent , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Cancérogènes/effets indésirables , Industrie , Tumeurs du système nerveux/mortalité , Maladies professionnelles/mortalité , Exposition professionnelle , Brésil/épidémiologie , Tumeurs du système nerveux/induit chimiquement , Maladies professionnelles/induit chimiquement , Facteurs de risque , Santé en zone urbaine
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