[Prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and it's relation with anxiety in medical, dental and pharmaceutical students]

Oral Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers [RAS], are among the most common oral mucosal ulcerations. The association of RAS with psychological factors has been reported in some of the previous studies. However, the results of these researches are controversial. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and its relationship with anxiety in medical, dental and pharmaceutical students. In this study, the prevalence of recurrent aphthous ulcers, in 550 medicine, dentistry and pharmaceutics students of Kerman medical university, and the relationship between lesions and students' anxiety, were evaluated. Cattel anxiety questionnaire was used to assess the amount of anxiety. Another questionnaire was used, in order to evaluate the aphthous ulcers. T and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Results showed that, 107 of 550 students [19.4%] had a positive history of oral recurrent aphthous ulcers. According to the patients' statements, mental stress, use of certain food, and exam induced stress, were the most important effective factors to aggravate the aphthous ulcers. The mean adjusted score of anxiety, anxiety intensity and mean rank of anxiety, in case group, were significantly higher than control group [P<0.001]. These results showed significant difference between the two groups for the gender [P<0.05]. According to the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and its relationship with anxiety, prevention of anxiety or anxiety reduction should be noticed in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Beta thalassemia major, a cause of testicular microlithiasis

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare condition characterized by deposition of calcium in the Lamina of semineferous tubules of testis. The ultrasound of testicular microlithiasis shows bright 1-3 mm echogenic foci in parenchyma. Herein, we report a first case of testicular microlithiasis in major beta thalassemia that was demonstrated in testicle's ultrasound

Comparing the accuracy of doppler resistance index of the renal artery with DSMA scintigraphy in children with febrile UTI and prediction of VUR and acute pyelonephritis

UTI is one of the most common bacterial infections in pediatrics. Febrile urinary tract infection can produce severe renal complications when unrecognized or untreated. Acute pyelonephritis [APN] and reflux are two synergistic factors in the destruction of kidneys of children. There are no certain specific diagnostic laboratory tests and clinical symptoms for diagnosis of UTI. There are several diagnostic methods for APN and reflux in pediatrics, including ultrasonography IVP, VCUG, CT, Doppler and DMSA scintigraphy. Most of these methods are associated with the danger of exposure to radiation. In this study, we assessed and compared the accuracy of renal artery resistive index [RI] in doppler ultrosonography with DMSA scan and vcug to the diagnosis of APN and reflux in pediatrics patients. In this diagnostic study, we assessed 72 kidneys from 36 children [28 girls and 8 boys, age 19 days to 27/19 months] with febrile UTI admitted in Booalisina Hospital of Sari in 2005 to 2006. All patients underwent cysto-renal ultrasonography and Doppler ultrasonography. They Also underwent VCUG and DMSA scan to rule out vesicoureteral reflux and APN respectively. The data recorded in separate questionnaires and were analyzed using spss- statistical software. The results concluded that DMSA was positive in 34.7% of children with febrile and confirmed clinical impression, while Doppler sonography was positive in 33.3% of cases. The specificity and sensitivity of Doppler sonography were 64% and 83%, while the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 66.7% and 81.3% respectively. According to the results of this study, Doppler RI>0.7 in pediatrics with febrile UTI and clinically suspected APN are in need of careful antibiothic therapy and must be controlled by DMSA scan DMSA is not necessary in children with Doppler RI<0.7 and they must be treated for possible cystourethral infection. Thus, there is a significant relationship between increased RI and the severity of renal involvement. Considering, that 83% sensitivity and 81.3% predictive value of Doppler RI measurement to diagnosis of APN and scaring, it is concluded that Doppler index [RI] measurement to rule out of APN is valuable

Testicular microlithiasis and cryptorchidism: a case report

Testicular microlithiasis [TM] is an uncommon condition with reported prevalence of 0.6% in patients referred for scrotal ultrasound. Testicular microlithiasis was first reported by Priebe and Garret in 1970 and defined as multiple tiny calcification throughout the testis. The condition appears as characterstic small nonshadowing hyperechoic stippling foci in testicular parenchyma. Several associations have been reported with testicular microlithiasis. Considrable accrued evidence points to an association between testicular microlithiasis, intra tubular germ cell neoplasia and testicular tumor. This topic is of considerable attention to researchers. We recommend annual ultrasonic follow up and patient education about self- examination and bio-humeral evaluation for ruling out concurrent tumors