Effect of nylon-6 concentration on morphology and efficiency of nanofibrous media

Electrospinning is a method of nanofiber filter media production. By this method, it is possible to produce media with nanofiber in the range of nanometer to micrometer. Nanofibrous media provide a large specific surface area in a finite volume thus they are suitable for filtration applications. In this study, nanofiber non-woven membranes production of Nylon-6 by electrospinning method is investigated. It is demonstrated that the total filter efficiency and pressure drop increases by increasing the thickness of filer media. The objective of this experimental study was to find out the effect nylon concentration and thickness of nanofilter media.Samples by different Nylon-6 concentrations and time of electrospinning were made. The filtration characterizations of these media were investigated in different laboratory conditions. The SEM micrographs of specimens treated by ImageJ software reveal that the porosity passes by a minimum at 10% concentration. The diameter of nanofiber varied in the range of 47 to 89 nm when the nylon concentration varied from 7.5% to 15% respectively. The efficiency was improved more than three times by electrospinning operation for all ' three concentration samples. Our results showed that the highest efficiency obtained hi this study was 99.96% belonging to 10% Nylon-6 concentration for 45 minutes electrospinning time

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome with peripheral thromboembolism: Report of a case

The popliteal artery entrapment syndrome [PAES] is an uncommon developmental abnormality, which comprises various anatomic variants causing compression of the popliteal artery. Strenuous athletic activity can cause repetitive compression or microtrauma to the popliteal artery and may result in foot or calf claudication. Popliteal artery aneurysm, thrombosis, or thromboembolism may rarely occur which may mask the underlying pathology. The first diagnostic technique of choice in patients with possible PAES should be duplex color Doppler ultrasonography with high-frequency transducers. Use of stress views-active plantar flexion and passive dorsiflexion of the ankle-increases the diagnostic accuracy. Classically, arteriography with the foot in the neutral position demonstrates abrupt medial deviation of the popliteal artery. In this article, we describe imaging findings in a young wrestler with complicated PAES. As far as we know, this is the first reported case from Iran with PAES

Spasmolytic effect of Cuscuta pentagona fruit aqueous extract on rat ileum

Cuscuta pentagona [convolvulaceae] has been used in Iran for gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Cuscuta pentagona fruit aqueous extract [CPE] on rat ileum contractility. The fruit extract was prepared according to the traditional method by boiling the fruits in distilled water. Ileum was dissected from adult male Wistar rat, mounted in an organ bath [10 ml] containing Tyrode solution [37°C, pH 7.4]. I leal contractions were recorded under 1 g initial tension, by an isotonic transducer. In many in-vitro studies, potassium chloride and acetyl cholin induced contractions of rat ileum in the absence or presence of some antagonists had been assessed. In some in vivo studies gastrointestinal transit time in different groups of rats after administration of saline, three doses of fruit extract or atropine, had been measured. Cumulative concentrations of CPE [0.5-8 mg/ml] reduced the ileal contractions induced by KC1 [60 mM] and ACh [1 microM] revealing a dose dependent effect [p<0.0001]. The spasmolytic effect of CPFAE was not reduced after 20-30 minutes of tissue incubation with phentolamine [ImicroM], propranolol [lmicroM] L-NAME 100 microM] and naloxone [1 microM]. In.a Ca[2+]-free Tyrode solution the ileum depolarized by KC1, 120 mM was contracted by addition of cumulative concentration of CaCl[2] [0.225 to 3.6 mM] but CPE [2 and 4 mg/ml] reduced the contractions in a dose dependent manner [p<0.0001]. Furthermore, fruit extract in concentrations of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg [p.o.] reduced the transit time of charcoal meal in small intestine in a dose dependent manner. Our results suggest that the CPE spasmolytic effect is mediated via calcium channels without involvement of adrenoceptors [alpha and beta] or opioid receptors or any influence on NO synthesis. The results of the present study showed that Cuscuta pentagona fruit aqueous extract reduces rat ileum motility in both in vivo and in vitro studies