Management of malignant cerebral infarction

Malignant cerebral infarction had a fatal outcome in the majority of cases. The associated brain edema with subsequent rise of intracranial pressure [ICP] and transtentorial herniation is the most leading cause of death in those patients. So we used mechanical hyperventilation to verify its effect in management of those patients by its effect in lowering the ICP. Prospective descriptive study was done in Intensive care unit of Mansoura Emergency Hospital, 20 patients with malignant cerebral infarction were subjected to the maximum conservative measures without controlled hyperventilation, were compared to the same number of patients under the same measures but with controlled hyperventilation for 24 hours [maintain PaCO[2] 28-32 mmHg]. We found that: no one with GCS < 9 survived without hyperventilation, while 4 [66.7%] of the survivors of hyperventilated group were semi-comatosed with GCS < 9. None of the unventilated patients who showed deterioration of their initial consciousness survived, while 3 [17.6%] of deteriorated patients in hyperventilated group survived. None of patients with pan-hemispheric infarction and/or with mid-line shift and compression on perimesencephalic cistern survived without hyperventilation, while 2 [25%] of patients with hemispheric infarction and also 3 [23%] of patients with mid-line shift and compression on perimesencephalic cistern survived in hyperventilated group

Efficacy of bio-clean for control of some ecto-parasites infesting Oreochromisniloticus in aquaculture

In the present study, attempts were made to observe the clinical signs of naturally infested Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus] with ectoparasites of the ciliated Trichodina and aquatic leeches [Glossiphonia spp.]. The prevalence of both parasites were 100% and 30%, respectively. The histopathological investigations revealed sever inflammation with inflammatory cells infiltration in skin as well as coagulative necrosis [Zenker's necrosis] and edema of the muscle bundles. Significance of biological control measures using the Bio-clean product [FER Mone-2/3] [a biological mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki [BTK] and Beauveria bassiana [B.b]] as a new method to eradicate such parasites was evaluated. The half lethal concentration [LC50] was 85 mg/L/48 hours. The Bio-clean product was safe to treat Trichodina spp. infestation in fish farms at a dose of 25 mg/L. On the other hand, this product was not suitable for treatment of leeches [Glossiphonia spp.] due to its effective dose [40 mg/L] was narrow safety margin

Levator muscle in obscure aquired and congenital ptosis [clinico-pathological study]

This study included 40 patients with ptosis [24 congenital and 16 acquired]. Neurological examination included associated neurological deficit. During surgical correction of levator muscle, sample sent for pathological examination. In the congenital group 7 cases with mild ptosis showed normal muscle, 16 cases with severe ptosis showed excessive fibro-fatty tissue replacing the muscle fibers, the remaining muscle fibers are normal. So, congenital scanty muscle fiber is responsible for ptosis, myopathic changes evident in only one patient. The acquired group showed evident myopathic changes

Comparative bacteriologic study of five root canal sealers

5 root canal sealers were tested bactariologically against four micro-organisms commonly found in the root canals these were Streptococcus veridans, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, and Candida albicans, The sealers tested were kerr Tubli seal, Diaket, No genol, Roth sealer and zinc oxide-eugenol. Diaket and sealers containing eugenol gave the best results where as no genol and tubli seal gave the narrowest zones of inhibition