[Comparison of four different types of carriers for the growth of vero cells and propagating rabies virus for production of human rabies vaccine]

In this study, capability of Vero cells for growth on FibraCel disks were compared on 3 kinds of microcarriers including Cytodex-1, Cutodex-3, and Sigma Solohill in 500 ml Spinner flasks in both serum contained medium [DMEM+10% Fetal Calf Serum, FCS] and serum-free medium [VP-SFM]. The propagation of fixed PV [Pasteur Virus] strain of rabies in Vero cells, for production of rabies vaccine, grown under the above conditions were studied and compared. Stepwise perfusion mode in growth phase and batch mode were applied in the virus production step by the use of M199 +0.2% Bovine Serum Albumin [BSA] and VP-SFM as serum containing and serum-free media, respectively. The available surface area provided by the carriers, and primary cell density in the experiments were assumed the same [about 12,000 cm[2] and 12,500 cells/cm[2], respectively]. The highest cell density was achieved on FibraCel disks in DMEM equal to 7.1 +/- 0.7_10[6] cells /ml on day 9, while the lowest cell density was obtianed on Cytodex-3 in VP-SFM equal to 2.91 +/- 0.2_10[6] cells/ml. The highest virus titer [55.18 +/- 4.4_10[6] Fluorescent Focus Unit, FFU/ml] was gained in VP-SFM containing FibraCel disks, and the lowest titer [3.66 +/- 0.4 _10[6] FFU/ml] was resulted on Cytodex-3 in M199. In these experiments, FibraCel disks supported the growth of Vero cells better than the microcarriers, and the use of DMEM for propagation of Vero cells and VP-SFM for proliferation of rabies virus showed better results. The experimental vaccine prepared by collected virus from VP-SFM has an acceptable potency of 2.75 IU. Based on these results and to the relative ease for making FibraCel disks, we recommend the use of this carrier for propagation of Vero cells and production of rabies virus

Comparative study of antibody titers produced against two BHK rabies vaccines in field trial experimental condition in dogs by RFFIT

Rabies is acutely fatal encephalitis caused by a neurotropic virus. This virus belongs to the family of Rhabdoviridae and genus of Lyssavirus. The virus is almost always transmitted to human through infected mammalian saliva. Rabies is inoculated to a wound by an infected animal bite. Since infection is established in the CNS, the outcome is almost always fatal. According to the outstanding role of vaccination against rabies in animals, as well as post-exposure treatment regimen in human, production of cell-cultured rabies vaccine is the most common interest of researchers. Two BHK-rabies vaccines, one made in the Pasteur Institute of Iran and two in Schering-Plough Animal Health of Madrid, Spain have been tested on 12 dogs divided into two groups. Sera were taken monthly over 18 months. To evaluate the titer of the rabies-neutralizing antibody, these sera were analyzed by the rapid fluorescence focus inhibition test [RFFIT] in the end of each month. Both study groups showed a sufficient immunogenic response without any significant difference at least one year after vaccination. With respect to the effective immunization of rabies vaccines, their annual injections would be sufficient. According to the results, at the end of the study [18th month] serum titer in only one dog [No.7] was less than protective level. Two animals in group one [No.2 and No. 5] also had serum titers less than protective level. Mean of post vaccination antibody titer were not different in either groups [P=0.35]

[Identifying different subgroups of rabies virus in Iran using phosphoprotein gene polymorphism]

Rabies has been reported in all provinces and cities of Iran, although there has been no molecular study regarding different groups and subgroups of rabies virus by phosphoprotein gene. In this study, firstly, 48 and then 85 recent rabies isolates recovered from cases reported throughout Iran identified the evolutionary origins by molecular method of phosphoprotein gene region. All the suspected samples from all over the country has been tested by IF method, then all the positive cases have undergone grouping and sub-grouping by molecular tests of phosphoprotein gene. Three groups [I, II, III] and subgroups have been shown in different parts of country by phylogenetic analysis. Khorassan province has the highest rate of diversity of groups and subgroups [all the 3 groups have been identified in this province], which might be the origin of infection in neighboring provinces and all over the country respectively. In this study, the results of different samples obtained from cities and provinces [which could be the complement of Canadian results] confirmed the emergence of 3 different groups of rabies virus. In addition, the widely dispersion of mentioned groups and sub-groups in all provinces could be shown

Proprioceptive training after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Treatment techniques involving proprioceptive training on unstable boards may induce compensatory muscle activity that could improve knee stability, and increase the likelihood of returning patients to high level physical activity, and decrease the likelihood of recurrent injuries. The purpose of this study was to clarify the importance of proprioceptive training after anterior cruciate ligament [ACL] reconstruction by semitendinosus tendon autograft. A comparison was held between two ACL reconstructed groups [A and B]. Both groups received an accelerated rehabilitation program but one of them received a proprioceptive training program in addition [group B]. Treatment outcome was determined from: 1] absolute angular error [AAE] in active repositioning test as an indicator of the sense of position. 2] scores of Lyshoim Knee Scale as a self reported measure representing functional disabilities experienced by subject during activities of daily living. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in sense of position of the knee and greater scores of Lyshoim Knee Scale in group [B]. Conclusion: It was concluded that combining a proprioceptive training program with an accelerated rehabilitation program after ACL reconstruction is important for improving function of the knee