RESUMO
Background: Antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the main nosocomial infection agent and the norB efflux pump plays an important role in antibiotic resistance
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of Anthemis atropatana extract and analysis of its anti-efflux activity on ciprofloxacin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
Methods: In this experimental study, the A. atropatana extract was prepared by maceration technique and its phytochemical composition was analyzed by GC/MS method. Subsequently, norB efflux pump was detected in 50 clinical isolates of S. aureus using cartwheel and PCR methods. Finally, after treatment of strains with SubMIC concentration of extract, its anti-efflux activity was evaluated via Real Time PCR
Results: GC-MS analysis of A. atropatana extract was shown the most frequent component was belonged to Dodecane [9.8%] and Tridecane [6.4%]. Moreover, the cartwheel and PCR methods was showed that out of 50 isolates, 10 isolates had norB efflux pump. In addition to, after treatment of strains with subMIC concentration of A. atropatana extract, the Real Time PCR results was indicated that the norB gene expression was down-regulated
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, it seems that the extract has potential uses for pharmaceutical industries
RESUMO
One of the most common diseases of keratin tissues is dermatophytosis caused by dermatophyte fungi. Because of being contagious, it has a high prevalence rate in wrestling and body building gyms. This study was designed to evaluate the process of this disease and improve the hygiene of halls. The Samples [N= 540] were obtained from athletes and gyms, and a questionnaire was used to gather information. To identify various specious of dermatophyte, the routine diagnostic procedures, culture media, and supplementary tests were performed. Of samples taken from athletes, 59 wrestlers and 11 body builders suffer from dermatophytosis. Trichophyton tonsurans [%28.81] and Epidermophyton floccosum [%36.36] are the main isolates in wrestlers and body builders. Also the rate of Epidermophyton floccosum [%37.5] is the highest in the samples taken from gym mats and halls. Because of high prevalence of dermatophytosis, pay attention to increase of hygiene and training courses for coaches and athletes are crucially important
RESUMO
Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype enteritidis is one of the most frequent serotypes that cause gastroenteritis and bacteremia in human. The aim of the present study was to study the molecular types of Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from different laboratory centers in Tehran by ERIC-PCR. In this descriptive study from April 2008 to December 2011, Salmonella isolates were obtained from the patients admitted to several hospitals in Tehran. Salmonella isolates were identified by the standard microbiological methods and were serotyped by slide agglutination with commercial mono and polyvalent antisera. Molecular typing of the strains and their genetic relationship were investigated by using ERIC-PCR. All Salmonella enteritidis strains investigated by ERIC-PCR were type able. This technique produced 6 to 17 amplified DNA bands with 200 to 3200 different bp. In general, ERIC-PCR differentiated all Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates into nine distinct clusters [E1-E9], however the majority of the strains [35%] belonged to cluster E1. In this study the most common serotype was Salmonella enteritidis and ERIC-PCR showed that the strains belonged to diverse genotypic clusters