[Effect of camel milk on glycemic control and lipid profiles of diabetic patients]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of camel and cow milk on blood sugar and lipid profiles of patients with diabetes mellitus, who injected lantus insulin

Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, using lantus insulin injections were randomly allocated two groups of camel milk receivers (19 patients, mean age 59.84+1.05] and cow milk receivers [17 patients, mean age 49.47 + 2.93]. The two groups consumed 500 ml of either camel milk or cow milk daily for three months

Results: Changes in mean glucose levels of the camel milk group were significant, over the study duration and [P<0.05]. HbA1c decreased significantly in both groups [P<0.05]. There was significant reduction of the insulin dose required in the patients receiving camel milk [13.71%], compared to those who received cow milk [0.25%; P0.05]. In the group receiving camel milk, there was a significant increase in HDL-C levels [P<0.05]. There was no difference in fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and lipid profiles between the two groups at the end of study [P>0.05]

Conclusion: Camel milk decreased blood sugar, HbA1c and required the insulin dose required in diabetes mellitus patients, who inject lantus insulin and in could also contribute to glycemic control in these patients

Molecular identification of leishmania species using samples obtained from negative stained smears

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis [CL] is a parasitic skin disease. Diagnosis primarily is based on clinical signs and microscopic observation of parasite on direct stained smears or tissue sections. Sensitivity of direct smear is not as high as molecular methods. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize Leishmania species among the negative direct smears obtained from skin ulcers suspected to CL by PCR method. Among 81 patients with suspicious skin lesions to CL referred to the Parasitology lab, negative Giemsa stained smears were collected. DNA extraction performed by scraping stained smears, then PCR was performed. Among the DNA extracted from smears, L. tropica was isolated from 9 [11.1%] of the smears and L.major was not isolated from any samples. Direct microscopy on stained smears for diagnosis of leishmaniasis is not enough accurate. PCR is recommended for clinically suspected lesions with negative result of direct smear.