[ impact of health education based on theory of planned behavior on the prevention of AIDS among adolescents]

Adolescents are among the most vulnerable age groups against AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of health education based on Theory of Planned Behavior on the prevention of AIDS among high school students in Qazvin city. It was a quasi experimental study that was conducted on 120 students in boys' high schools in Qazvin. The students were randomly assigned into either control or experimental groups [each 60]. Data was gathered before and after educational program. The instruments included questions related to demographic characteristics, a questionnaire for assessing constructs of theory of planned behavior and an observation checklist to assess refusal skills and stalling risk suggestions. Educational intervention was conducted in 5 focus group discussions each lasting for 45-60 minutes with emphasis on the above mentioned theory. An educational pamphlet also was given to the subjects. Data were collected before and 3 months after training and was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxan test, paired t test, Chi-square and ANOVA using SPSS-PC [v.17.0]. The average age of the subjects was 16 +/- 3.29 years. No difference was detected between demographic characteristics of the control and experimental groups. There was also no difference between the groups regarding cognitive variables [knowledge, attitude, perceived behavior control and intention] before the intervention. The adolescents in the experimental group reported higher scores for the cognitive variables compared with the control group [P=0.001]. The results related to refusal skill and stalling risk suggestions indicated that the educational intervention increased these skills at the end of study [P<0.05]. The findings revealed that an educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior results in the formation of refusal skills and stalling risk suggestions related to HIV/AIDS behaviors among male adolescents

Oral health status and its determinants in a sample of Iranian adolescents in Qazvin [2010]

There is a vital need to assess the changes in oral health trend and also the preventive strategies in different locations, systematically. This could help to plan for promoting oral health in Iran. To describe the dental caries status in a sample of Iranian adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years old in Qazvin and to identify the related factors affecting the oral health in this group. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 380 adolescents were randomly selected from high schools in Qazvin. The adolescents agreed to participate and completed a questionnaire. Oral health status was assessed in terms of number of teeth, decayed teeth [DT], filled teeth [FT], and decayed, missing or filled teeth [DMFT]. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the statistical association between the DMFT as dependent variable and those of other variables. Of total participants, 190 were females [50%]. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.10 [SD=1.03] years. The mean DMFT was 2.62 [SD=1.89] for all subjects. There was a significant difference between the boys and girls regarding the DMFT as boys had higher DMFT scores than girls. The multivariate regression analyses revealed a significant associations between the high DMFT scores and other variables including: higher age, lower parental education, higher family income, lower frequency of dental brushing and flossing, no history of visiting a dentist, and bad perception of own oral health. Although the dental caries is rather low in this group but it has a major impact on Iranian adolescent's daily living